1 Kings8
World English Bible · Public Domain
1Then Solomon assembled the elders of Israel with all the heads of the tribes, the princes of the fathers’ households of the children of Israel, to King Solomon in Jerusalem, to bring up the ark of Yahweh’s covenant out of David’s city, which is Zion.
2All the men of Israel assembled themselves to King Solomon at the feast in the month Ethanim, which is the seventh month.
3All the elders of Israel came, and the priests picked up the ark.
4They brought up Yahweh’s ark, the Tent of Meeting, and all the holy vessels that were in the Tent. The priests and the Levites brought these up.
5King Solomon and all the congregation of Israel, who were assembled to him, were with him before the ark, sacrificing sheep and cattle that could not be counted or numbered for multitude.
6The priests brought in the ark of Yahweh’s covenant to its place, into the inner sanctuary of the house, to the most holy place, even under the cherubim’s wings.
7For the cherubim spread their wings out over the place of the ark, and the cherubim covered the ark and its poles above.
8The poles were so long that the ends of the poles were seen from the holy place before the inner sanctuary, but they were not seen outside. They are there to this day.
9There was nothing in the ark except the two stone tablets which Moses put there at Horeb, when Yahweh made a covenant with the children of Israel, when they came out of the land of Egypt.
10It came to pass, when the priests had come out of the holy place, that the cloud filled Yahweh’s house,
11so that the priests could not stand to minister by reason of the cloud; for Yahweh’s glory filled Yahweh’s house.
12Then Solomon said, “Yahweh has said that he would dwell in the thick darkness.
13I have surely built you a house of habitation, a place for you to dwell in forever.”
14The king turned his face around and blessed all the assembly of Israel; and all the assembly of Israel stood.
15He said, “Blessed is Yahweh, the God of Israel, who spoke with his mouth to David your father, and has with his hand fulfilled it, saying,
16‘Since the day that I brought my people Israel out of Egypt, I chose no city out of all the tribes of Israel to build a house, that my name might be there; but I chose David to be over my people Israel.’
17“Now it was in the heart of David my father to build a house for the name of Yahweh, the God of Israel.
18But Yahweh said to David my father, ‘Whereas it was in your heart to build a house for my name, you did well that it was in your heart.
19Nevertheless, you shall not build the house; but your son who shall come out of your body, he shall build the house for my name.’
20Yahweh has established his word that he spoke; for I have risen up in the place of David my father, and I sit on the throne of Israel, as Yahweh promised, and have built the house for the name of Yahweh, the God of Israel.
21There I have set a place for the ark, in which is Yahweh’s covenant, which he made with our fathers when he brought them out of the land of Egypt.”
22Solomon stood before Yahweh’s altar in the presence of all the assembly of Israel, and spread out his hands toward heaven;
23and he said, “Yahweh, the God of Israel, there is no God like you, in heaven above, or on earth beneath; who keeps covenant and loving kindness with your servants who walk before you with all their heart;
24who has kept with your servant David my father that which you promised him. Yes, you spoke with your mouth, and have fulfilled it with your hand, as it is today.
25Now therefore, may Yahweh, the God of Israel, keep with your servant David my father that which you have promised him, saying, ‘There shall not fail from you a man in my sight to sit on the throne of Israel, if only your children take heed to their way, to walk before me as you have walked before me.’
26“Now therefore, God of Israel, please let your word be verified, which you spoke to your servant David my father.
27But will God in very deed dwell on the earth? Behold, heaven and the heaven of heavens can’t contain you; how much less this house that I have built!
28Yet have respect for the prayer of your servant and for his supplication, Yahweh my God, to listen to the cry and to the prayer which your servant prays before you today;
29that your eyes may be open toward this house night and day, even toward the place of which you have said, ‘My name shall be there;’ to listen to the prayer which your servant prays toward this place.
30Listen to the supplication of your servant, and of your people Israel, when they pray toward this place. Yes, hear in heaven, your dwelling place; and when you hear, forgive.
31“If a man sins against his neighbor, and an oath is laid on him to cause him to swear, and he comes and swears before your altar in this house,
32then hear in heaven, and act, and judge your servants, condemning the wicked, to bring his way on his own head, and justifying the righteous, to give him according to his righteousness.
33“When your people Israel are struck down before the enemy because they have sinned against you, if they turn again to you and confess your name, and pray and make supplication to you in this house,
34then hear in heaven, and forgive the sin of your people Israel, and bring them again to the land which you gave to their fathers.
35“When the sky is shut up and there is no rain because they have sinned against you, if they pray toward this place and confess your name, and turn from their sin when you afflict them,
36then hear in heaven, and forgive the sin of your servants, and of your people Israel, when you teach them the good way in which they should walk; and send rain on your land which you have given to your people for an inheritance.
37“If there is famine in the land, if there is pestilence, if there is blight, mildew, locust or caterpillar; if their enemy besieges them in the land of their cities, whatever plague, whatever sickness there is,
38whatever prayer and supplication is made by any man, or by all your people Israel, who shall each know the plague of his own heart, and spread out his hands toward this house,
39then hear in heaven, your dwelling place, and forgive, and act, and give to every man according to all his ways, whose heart you know (for you, even you only, know the hearts of all the children of men);
40that they may fear you all the days that they live in the land which you gave to our fathers.
41“Moreover, concerning the foreigner, who is not of your people Israel, when he comes out of a far country for your name’s sake
42(for they shall hear of your great name and of your mighty hand and of your outstretched arm), when he comes and prays toward this house,
43hear in heaven, your dwelling place, and do according to all that the foreigner calls to you for; that all the peoples of the earth may know your name, to fear you, as do your people Israel, and that they may know that this house which I have built is called by your name.
44“If your people go out to battle against their enemy, by whatever way you shall send them, and they pray to Yahweh toward the city which you have chosen, and toward the house which I have built for your name,
45then hear in heaven their prayer and their supplication, and maintain their cause.
46If they sin against you (for there is no man who doesn’t sin), and you are angry with them and deliver them to the enemy, so that they carry them away captive to the land of the enemy, far off or near;
47yet if they repent in the land where they are carried captive, and turn again, and make supplication to you in the land of those who carried them captive, saying, ‘We have sinned and have done perversely; we have dealt wickedly,’
48if they return to you with all their heart and with all their soul in the land of their enemies who carried them captive, and pray to you toward their land which you gave to their fathers, the city which you have chosen and the house which I have built for your name,
49then hear their prayer and their supplication in heaven, your dwelling place, and maintain their cause;
50and forgive your people who have sinned against you, and all their transgressions in which they have transgressed against you; and give them compassion before those who carried them captive, that they may have compassion on them
51(for they are your people and your inheritance, which you brought out of Egypt, from the middle of the iron furnace);
52that your eyes may be open to the supplication of your servant and to the supplication of your people Israel, to listen to them whenever they cry to you.
53For you separated them from among all the peoples of the earth to be your inheritance, as you spoke by Moses your servant, when you brought our fathers out of Egypt, Lord Yahweh.”
54It was so, that when Solomon had finished praying all this prayer and supplication to Yahweh, he arose from before Yahweh’s altar, from kneeling on his knees with his hands spread out toward heaven.
55He stood and blessed all the assembly of Israel with a loud voice, saying,
56“Blessed be Yahweh, who has given rest to his people Israel, according to all that he promised. There has not failed one word of all his good promise, which he promised by Moses his servant.
57May Yahweh our God be with us as he was with our fathers. Let him not leave us or forsake us,
58that he may incline our hearts to him, to walk in all his ways, and to keep his commandments, his statutes, and his ordinances, which he commanded our fathers.
59Let these my words, with which I have made supplication before Yahweh, be near to Yahweh our God day and night, that he may maintain the cause of his servant and the cause of his people Israel, as every day requires;
60that all the peoples of the earth may know that Yahweh himself is God. There is no one else.
61“Let your heart therefore be perfect with Yahweh our God, to walk in his statutes, and to keep his commandments, as it is today.”
62The king, and all Israel with him, offered sacrifice before Yahweh.
63Solomon offered for the sacrifice of peace offerings, which he offered to Yahweh, twenty two thousand head of cattle and one hundred twenty thousand sheep. So the king and all the children of Israel dedicated Yahweh’s house.
64The same day the king made the middle of the court holy that was before Yahweh’s house; for there he offered the burnt offering, the meal offering, and the fat of the peace offerings, because the bronze altar that was before Yahweh was too little to receive the burnt offering, the meal offering, and the fat of the peace offerings.
65So Solomon held the feast at that time, and all Israel with him, a great assembly, from the entrance of Hamath to the brook of Egypt, before Yahweh our God, seven days and seven more days, even fourteen days.
66On the eighth day he sent the people away; and they blessed the king, and went to their tents joyful and glad in their hearts for all the goodness that Yahweh had shown to David his servant, and to Israel his people.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 1 Kings 8.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The dedication of the temple. (1–11). The occasion. (12–21). Solomon's prayer. (22–53). His blessing and exhortation. (54–61). Solomon's peace-offerings. (62–66).
vv1-11
The bringing in the ark, is the end which must crown the work: this was done with great solemnity. The ark was fixed in the place appointed for its rest in the inner part of the house, whence they expected God to speak to them, even in the most holy place. The staves of the ark were drawn out, so as to direct the high priest to the mercy-seat over the ark, when he went in, once a year, to sprinkle the blood there; so that they continued of use, though there was no longer occasion to carry it by them. The glory of God appearing in a cloud may signify, 1. The darkness of that dispensation, in comparison with the light of the gospel, by which, with open face, we behold, as in a glass, the glory of the Lord. 2. The darkness of our present state, in comparison with the sight of God, which will be the happiness of heaven, where the Divine glory is unveiled.
vv12-21
Solomon encouraged the priests, who were much astonished at the dark cloud. The dark dispensations of Providence should quicken us in fleeing for refuge to the hope of the gospel. Nothing can more reconcile us to them, than to consider what God has said, and to compare his word and works together. Whatever good we do, we must look on it as the performance of God's promise to us, not of our promises to him.
vv22-53
In this excellent prayer, Solomon does as we should do in every prayer; he gives glory to God. Fresh experiences of the truth of God's promises call for larger praises. He sues for grace and favour from God. The experiences we have of God's performing his promises, should encourage us to depend upon them, and to plead them with him; and those who expect further mercies, must be thankful for former mercies. God's promises must be the guide of our desires, and the ground of our hopes and expectations in prayer. The sacrifices, the incense, and the whole service of the temple, were all typical of the Redeemer's offices, oblation, and intercession. The temple, therefore, was continually to be remembered. Under one word, “forgive,” Solomon expressed all that he could ask in behalf of his people. For, as all misery springs from sin, forgiveness of sin prepares the way for the removal of every evil, and the receiving of every good. Without it, no deliverance can prove a blessing. In addition to the teaching of the word of God, Solomon entreated the Lord himself to teach the people to profit by all, even by their chastisements. They shall know every man the plague of his own heart, what it is that pains him; and shall spread their hands in prayer toward this house; whether the trouble be of body or mind, they shall represent it before God. Inward burdens seem especially meant. Sin is the plague of our own hearts; our in-dwelling corruptions are our spiritual diseases: every true Israelite endeavours to know these, that he may mortify them, and watch against the risings of them. These drive him to his knees; lamenting these, he spreads forth his hands in prayer. After many particulars, Solomon concludes with the general request, that God would hearken to his praying people. No place, now, under the gospel, can add to the prayers made in or towards it. The substance is Christ; whatever we ask in his name, it shall be given us. In this manner the Israel of God is established and sanctified, the backslider is recovered and healed. In this manner the stranger is brought nigh, the mourner is comforted, the name of God is glorified. Sin is the cause of all our troubles; repentance and forgiveness lead to all human happiness.
Key Words
שְׁלֹמֹה: Shelomah, David's successor
קָהַל: to convoke
זָקֵן: old
יִשְׂרָאֵל: Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
רֹאשׁ: the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of place, time, rank, itc.)
מַטֶּה: a branch (as extending); figuratively, a tribe; also a rod, whether for chastising (figuratively, correction), ruling (a sceptre), throwing (a lance), or walking (a staff; figuratively, a support of life, e.g. bread)
נָשִׂיא: properly, an exalted one, i.e. a king or sheik; also a rising mist
אָב: father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
בֵּן: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
מֶלֶךְ: a king
Cross References
1 Kings 8Parallel account of Solomon assembling the leaders and bringing up the ark to the temple.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallel account of Solomon standing before the altar on the brazen scaffold.
Supported by JFB
Direct verbal parallel to Egypt described as the 'iron furnace' (furnace of iron).
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallel account describing Solomon's feast and the assembly from Hamath to the river of Egypt.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallel account of the dismissal on the eighth day, and the people returning joyful to their tents.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Discusses the contents of the ark, contrasting the tables of stone with other sacred items.
Supported by JFB
The glory cloud filling the tabernacle, serving as the prototype for the temple's dedication.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Parallel account of Solomon's address regarding God's choice of David and Jerusalem.
Supported by JFB
The direct Davidic covenant promise which Solomon praises God for fulfilling with His hand.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
The exact parallel questioning if God will indeed dwell on the earth.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
God's promise to choose a place to cause His name to dwell there.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Parallels the universal human condition stated by Solomon: 'there is no man that sinneth not.'
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Daniel prays toward Jerusalem and the temple in exile, executing Solomon's precise directive.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Directly records the historical fulfillment of Solomon's prayer for captors to show his people compassion.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Parallel account of the massive sacrifices of oxen and sheep offered by the king and people.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallel details showing Solomon hallowing the middle of the court because the brass altar was too small.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Identical description of the priests placing the ark under the wings of the cherubim.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The Mosaic command that the staves must remain in the rings of the ark.
Supported by JFB
God's declaration that He will appear in the cloud upon the mercy seat.
Supported by JFB
The original Davidic covenant promise that David's seed would build the temple.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The Mosaic law concerning oaths and trespasses brought before God for judgment.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Mosaic covenant curse of being smitten before enemies due to disobedience.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Covenant curse of shutting up heaven and stopping rain due to sin.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Reinforces that God alone looks on the heart, not outward appearances.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Mosaic covenant foundation for confession, repentance, and remembrance of the covenant in exile.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Prophetic promise of repentance ('bethink themselves') and return while captive in foreign lands.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Provides structural context that Solomon prayed from a custom brazen scaffold.
Supported by JFB
Echoes Joshua's declaration that not one word of God's good promises has failed.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Tragic contrast showing that Solomon's heart was not 'perfect' with God in his old age.
Supported by Matthew Henry
The Mosaic law establishing the Feast of Tabernacles, which was observed during this celebration.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Law governing the Levites bearing the ark, modified here for the priests.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Moses putting the tables of the covenant into the ark at Horeb.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Moses was unable to enter the tabernacle when the glory filled it.
Supported by JFB
Parallel record of Solomon's statement that God would dwell in thick darkness.
Supported by Matthew Poole
God's declaration of Zion as His resting place forever.
Supported by Matthew Poole
David's initial desire to build a permanent house for God's ark.
Supported by Matthew Poole