Zechariah 7ASV
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Zechariah7

American Standard Version · Public Domain

1And it came to pass in the fourth year of king Darius, that the word of Jehovah came unto Zechariah in the fourth day of the ninth month, even in Chislev.

2Now they of Beth-el had sent Sharezer and Regem-melech, and their men, to entreat the favor of Jehovah,

3and to speak unto the priests of the house of Jehovah of hosts, and to the prophets, saying, Should I weep in the fifth month, separating myself, as I have done these so many years?

4Then came the word of Jehovah of hosts unto me, saying,

5Speak unto all the people of the land, and to the priests, saying, When ye fasted and mourned in the fifth and in the seventh month, even these seventy years, did ye at all fast unto me, even to me?

6And when ye eat, and when ye drink, do not ye eat for yourselves, and drink for yourselves?

7Should ye not hear the words which Jehovah cried by the former prophets, when Jerusalem was inhabited and in prosperity, and the cities thereof round about her, and the South and the lowland were inhabited?

8And the word of Jehovah came unto Zechariah, saying,

9Thus hath Jehovah of hosts spoken, saying, Execute true judgment, and show kindness and compassion every man to his brother;

10and oppress not the widow, nor the fatherless, the sojourner, nor the poor; and let none of you devise evil against his brother in your heart.

11But they refused to hearken, and pulled away the shoulder, and stopped their ears, that they might not hear.

12Yea, they made their hearts as an adamant stone, lest they should hear the law, and the words which Jehovah of hosts had sent by his Spirit by the former prophets: therefore there came great wrath from Jehovah of hosts.

13And it is come to pass that, as he cried, and they would not hear, so they shall cry, and I will not hear, said Jehovah of hosts;

14but I will scatter them with a whirlwind among all the nations which they have not known. Thus the land was desolate after them, so that no man passed through nor returned: for they laid the pleasant land desolate.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Zechariah 7.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The captives' inquiry respecting fasting. (1–7). Sin the cause of their captivity. (8–14).

vv1-7

If we truly desire to know the will of God in doubtful matters, we must not only consult his word and ministers, but seek his direction by fervent prayer. Those who would know God's mind should consult God's ministers; and, in doubtful cases, ask advice of those whose special business it is to search the Scriptures. The Jews seemed to question whether they ought to continue their fasts, seeing that the city and temple were likely to be finished. The first answer to their inquiry is a sharp reproof of hypocrisy. These fasts were not acceptable to God, unless observed in a better manner, and to better purpose. There was the form of duty, but no life, or soul, or power in it. Holy exercises are to be done to God, looking to his word as our rule, and his glory as our end, seeking to please him and obtain his favour; but self was the centre of all their actions. And it was not enough to weep on fast days; they should have searched the Scriptures of the prophets, that they might have seen what was the ground of God's controversy with their fathers. Whether people are in prosperity or adversity, they must be called upon to leave their sins, and to do their duty.

vv8-14

God's judgements upon Israel of old for their sins, were written to warn Christians. The duties required are, not keeping fasts and offering sacrifices, but doing justly and loving mercy, which tend to the public welfare and peace. The law of God lays restraint upon the heart. But they filled their minds with prejudices against the word of God. Nothing is harder than the heart of a presumptuous sinner. See the fatal consequences of this to their fathers. Great sins against the Lord of hosts, bring great wrath from his power, which cannot be resisted. Sin, if regarded in the heart, will certainly spoil the success of prayer. The Lord always hears the cry of the broken-hearted penitent; yet all who die impenitent and unbelieving, will find no remedy or refuge from miseries which while here they despised and defied, but which they then will not be able to bear.

Cross References

Zechariah 7
v5Isaiah 58:5thematic

Direct parallel exposing hypocritical, self-pleasing fasting rather than genuine internal devotion.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

Historical record of Jerusalem's destruction in the fifth month, the origin of their memorial fast.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v5Jeremiah 41:1-4thematic

Records the murder of Gedaliah, which triggered the fast of the seventh month.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v9Micah 6:8thematic

Summons true justice, mercy, and humility over empty external rituals.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v3Zechariah 8:19thematic

Prophetic resolution where these sad fasts are promised to become cheerful feasts.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin

v5Romans 14:6-9thematic

New Testament principle of eating, drinking, or fasting 'unto the Lord' vs. self.

Supported by JFB

v7Jeremiah 7:23thematic

Echoes the 'former prophets' demanding obedience rather than merely ritual sacrifices.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v9Isaiah 1:17thematic

Command to seek justice, relieve the oppressed, and plead for the fatherless and widow.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v11Nehemiah 9:29allusion

Verbal echo of 'pulled away the shoulder' (withdrawing the neck) in stubborn rebellion.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v13Proverbs 1:24-32thematic

Matches the divine lex talionis: since they refused to hear, He will not hear them.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v3Malachi 2:7thematic

The priest's lips should keep knowledge, as ordinary casuists for the people.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v7Jeremiah 17:26thematic

Mentions the inhabited south and plain when Jerusalem was in prosperity.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v12Ezekiel 36:26contrast

Contrast between their self-made 'adamant stone' heart and God's promised heart of flesh.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v14Leviticus 26:33thematic

The covenant curse of scattering the people among nations and leaving the land desolate.

Supported by Matthew Henry