Zechariah7
New Living Translation
1On December 7 of the fourth year of King Darius’s reign, another message came to Zechariah from the Lord.
2The people of Bethel had sent Sharezer and Regemmelech, along with their attendants, to seek the Lord’s favor.
3They were to ask this question of the prophets and the priests at the Temple of the Lord of Heaven’s Armies: “Should we continue to mourn and fast each summer on the anniversary of the Temple’s destruction, as we have done for so many years?”
4The Lord of Heaven’s Armies sent me this message in reply:
5“Say to all your people and your priests, ‘During these seventy years of exile, when you fasted and mourned in the summer and in early autumn, was it really for me that you were fasting?
6And even now in your holy festivals, aren’t you eating and drinking just to please yourselves?
7Isn’t this the same message the Lord proclaimed through the prophets in years past when Jerusalem and the towns of Judah were bustling with people, and the Negev and the foothills of Judah were well populated?’”
8Then this message came to Zechariah from the Lord:
9“This is what the Lord of Heaven’s Armies says: Judge fairly, and show mercy and kindness to one another.
10Do not oppress widows, orphans, foreigners, and the poor. And do not scheme against each other.
11“Your ancestors refused to listen to this message. They stubbornly turned away and put their fingers in their ears to keep from hearing.
12They made their hearts as hard as stone, so they could not hear the instructions or the messages that the Lord of Heaven’s Armies had sent them by his Spirit through the earlier prophets. That is why the Lord of Heaven’s Armies was so angry with them.
13“Since they refused to listen when I called to them, I would not listen when they called to me, says the Lord of Heaven’s Armies.
14As with a whirlwind, I scattered them among the distant nations, where they lived as strangers. Their land became so desolate that no one even traveled through it. They turned their pleasant land into a desert.”
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Zechariah 7.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The captives' inquiry respecting fasting. (1–7). Sin the cause of their captivity. (8–14).
vv1-7
If we truly desire to know the will of God in doubtful matters, we must not only consult his word and ministers, but seek his direction by fervent prayer. Those who would know God's mind should consult God's ministers; and, in doubtful cases, ask advice of those whose special business it is to search the Scriptures. The Jews seemed to question whether they ought to continue their fasts, seeing that the city and temple were likely to be finished. The first answer to their inquiry is a sharp reproof of hypocrisy. These fasts were not acceptable to God, unless observed in a better manner, and to better purpose. There was the form of duty, but no life, or soul, or power in it. Holy exercises are to be done to God, looking to his word as our rule, and his glory as our end, seeking to please him and obtain his favour; but self was the centre of all their actions. And it was not enough to weep on fast days; they should have searched the Scriptures of the prophets, that they might have seen what was the ground of God's controversy with their fathers. Whether people are in prosperity or adversity, they must be called upon to leave their sins, and to do their duty.
vv8-14
God's judgements upon Israel of old for their sins, were written to warn Christians. The duties required are, not keeping fasts and offering sacrifices, but doing justly and loving mercy, which tend to the public welfare and peace. The law of God lays restraint upon the heart. But they filled their minds with prejudices against the word of God. Nothing is harder than the heart of a presumptuous sinner. See the fatal consequences of this to their fathers. Great sins against the Lord of hosts, bring great wrath from his power, which cannot be resisted. Sin, if regarded in the heart, will certainly spoil the success of prayer. The Lord always hears the cry of the broken-hearted penitent; yet all who die impenitent and unbelieving, will find no remedy or refuge from miseries which while here they despised and defied, but which they then will not be able to bear.
Key Words
אַרְבַּע: four
שָׁנֶה: a year (as a revolution of time)
מֶלֶךְ: a king
דָּֽרְיָוֵשׁ: Darejavesh, a title (rather than name) of several Persian kings
דָּבָר: a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
זְכַרְיָה: Zecarjah, the name of twenty-nine Israelites
תְּשִׁיעִי: ninth
חֹדֶשׁ: the new moon; by implication, a month
כִּסְלֵו: Kisleu, the 9th Hebrew month
שָׁלַח: to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
Cross References
Zechariah 7Direct parallel exposing hypocritical, self-pleasing fasting rather than genuine internal devotion.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Historical record of Jerusalem's destruction in the fifth month, the origin of their memorial fast.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Records the murder of Gedaliah, which triggered the fast of the seventh month.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Summons true justice, mercy, and humility over empty external rituals.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Prophetic resolution where these sad fasts are promised to become cheerful feasts.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
New Testament principle of eating, drinking, or fasting 'unto the Lord' vs. self.
Supported by JFB
Echoes the 'former prophets' demanding obedience rather than merely ritual sacrifices.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Command to seek justice, relieve the oppressed, and plead for the fatherless and widow.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Verbal echo of 'pulled away the shoulder' (withdrawing the neck) in stubborn rebellion.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Matches the divine lex talionis: since they refused to hear, He will not hear them.
Supported by Matthew Henry
The priest's lips should keep knowledge, as ordinary casuists for the people.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Mentions the inhabited south and plain when Jerusalem was in prosperity.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Contrast between their self-made 'adamant stone' heart and God's promised heart of flesh.
Supported by Matthew Henry
The covenant curse of scattering the people among nations and leaving the land desolate.
Supported by Matthew Henry