Ezekiel28
New American Standard
1The word of the Lord came again to me, saying,
2“Son of man, say to the leader of Tyre, ‘The Lord God says this: “Because your heart is haughty And you have said, ‘I am a god, I sit in the seat of gods In the heart of the seas’; Yet you are a mortal and not God, Although you make your heart like the heart of God—
3Behold, you are wiser than Daniel; There is no secret that is a match for you!
4By your wisdom and understanding You have acquired riches for yourself And have acquired gold and silver for your treasuries.
5By your great wisdom, by your trade You have increased your riches, And your heart is haughty because of your riches—
6Therefore this is what the Lord God says: ‘Because you have made your heart Like the heart of God,
7Therefore, behold, I am going to bring strangers against you, The most ruthless of the nations. And they will draw their swords Against the beauty of your wisdom And profane your splendor.
8They will bring you down to the pit, And you will die the death of those who are killed In the heart of the seas.
9Will you still say, “I am a god,” In the presence of one who kills you, Though you are a mortal and not God, In the hands of those who wound you?
10You will die the death of the uncircumcised By the hand of strangers, For I have spoken!’ declares the Lord God!”’”
11Again the word of the Lord came to me, saying,
12“Son of man, take up a song of mourning over the king of Tyre and say to him, ‘This is what the Lord God says: “You had the seal of perfection, Full of wisdom and perfect in beauty.
13You were in Eden, the garden of God; Every precious stone was your covering: The ruby, the topaz and the diamond; The beryl, the onyx and the jasper; The lapis lazuli, the turquoise and the emerald; And the gold, the workmanship of your settings and sockets, Was in you. On the day that you were created They were prepared.
14You were the anointed cherub who covers, And I placed you there. You were on the holy mountain of God; You walked in the midst of the stones of fire.
15You were blameless in your ways From the day you were created Until unrighteousness was found in you.
16By the abundance of your trade You were internally filled with violence, And you sinned; Therefore I have cast you as profane From the mountain of God. And I have destroyed you, you covering cherub, From the midst of the stones of fire.
17Your heart was haughty because of your beauty; You corrupted your wisdom by reason of your splendor. I threw you to the ground; I put you before kings, That they may see you.
18By the multitude of your wrongdoings, In the unrighteousness of your trade You profaned your sanctuaries. Therefore I have brought fire from the midst of you; It has consumed you, And I have turned you to ashes on the earth In the eyes of all who see you.
19All who know you among the peoples Are appalled at you; You have become terrified And you will cease to be forever.”’”
20And the word of the Lord came to me, saying,
21“Son of man, set your face toward Sidon, prophesy against her
22and say, ‘This is what the Lord God says: “Behold, I am against you, Sidon, And I will appear in My glory in your midst. Then they will know that I am the Lord, when I execute judgments against her, And I will reveal Myself as holy in her.
23For I will send a plague to her And blood to her streets, And the wounded will fall in her midst By the sword upon her on every side; Then they will know that I am the Lord.
24And there will no longer be for the house of Israel a painful thorn or a hurtful thorn bush from any surrounding them who despised them; then they will know that I am the Lord God.”
25‘This is what the Lord God says: “When I gather the house of Israel from the peoples among whom they are scattered, and show Myself holy among them in the sight of the nations, then they will live on their land which I gave to My servant Jacob.
26They will live on it securely; and they will build houses, plant vineyards, and live securely when I execute judgments upon all around them who despise them. Then they will know that I am the Lord their God.”’”
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Ezekiel 28.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The sentence against the prince or king of Tyre. (1-19). The fall of Zidon. (20-23). The restoration of Israel. (24-26).
vv1-19
Ethbaal, or Ithobal, was the prince or king of Tyre; and being lifted up with excessive pride, he claimed Divine honours. Pride is peculiarly the sin of our fallen nature. Nor can any wisdom, except that which the Lord gives, lead to happiness in this world or in that which is to come. The haughty prince of Tyre thought he was able to protect his people by his own power, and considered himself as equal to the inhabitants of heaven. If it were possible to dwell in the garden of Eden, or even to enter heaven, no solid happiness could be enjoyed without a humble, holy, and spiritual mind. Especially all spiritual pride is of the devil. Those who indulge therein must expect to perish.
vv20-26
The Zidonians were borderers upon the land of Israel, and they might have learned to glorify the Lord; but, instead of that, they seduced Israel to the worship of their idols. War and pestilence are God's messengers; but he will be glorified in the restoring his people to their former safety and prosperity. God will cure them of their sins, and ease them of their troubles. This promise will at length fully come to pass in the heavenly Canaan: when all the saints shall be gathered together, every thing that offends shall be removed, all griefs and fears for ever banished. Happy, then, is the church of God, and every living member of it, though poor, afflicted, and despised; for the Lord will display his truth, power, and mercy, in the salvation and happiness of his redeemed people.
Key Words
דָּבָר: a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
אָמַר: to say (used with great latitude)
בֵּן: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
אָדָם: ruddy i.e. a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)
נָגִיד: a commander (as occupying the front), civil, military or religious; generally (abstractly, plural), honorable themes
צֹר: Tsor, a place in Palestine
אֲדֹנָי: the Lord (used as a proper name of God only)
לֵב: the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the centre of anything
גָּבַהּ: to soar, i.e. be lofty; figuratively, to be haughty
אֵל: strength; as adjective, mighty; especially the Almighty (but used also of any deity)
Cross References
Ezekiel 28Antichrist's pride in claiming to sit as God in the temple mirrors the King of Tyre's self-deification.
Supported by JFB
Matches the king of Babylon's boast to exalt his throne above the stars of God.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Daniel's historic wisdom, celebrated throughout the East, used here as an ironic standard of comparison.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Imagery of Eden and the protective cherubim guards who keep the way of life.
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The list of nine precious stones matches the breastplate of the high priest.
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Parallel lament over a fallen majestic figure (Lucifer/Day Star) cast down for pride.
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Israel's hostile neighbors historically acted as pricking briars and thorns in their sides.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Herod Agrippa accepts divine honors, saying, 'the voice of a god,' and is instantly judged.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Daniel's public elevation in Babylon because of his God-given ability to reveal secrets.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Zechariah notes that Tyre and Sidon were indeed very wise, though physically ruined.
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Warning against setting one's heart upon riches when they increase, matching Tyre's sin.
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Direct contrast to the prince's initial claim of deity when facing executioners.
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Eden as the standard of ideal beauty and peerless majesty in Ezekiel's descriptions.
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God declares He will be sanctified and glorified in those who come near Him.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Joshua warns that Canaanite remnants will become scourges in Israel's sides and thorns.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Nebuchadnezzar's proud boast of building great Babylon by his own power and majesty.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Identifies the 'terrible of the nations' as the conquering Babylonian forces of Nebuchadnezzar.
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The uncircumcised slain by the sword lie in the depths of Sheol.
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Connects the King's initial perfection to his subsequent moral fall.
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God sanctifying His great name before the nations through judgments and restoration.
Supported by Matthew Henry