Genesis 25NASB
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Genesis25

New American Standard

1Now Abraham took another wife, whose name was Keturah.

2She bore to him Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Midian, Ishbak, and Shuah.

3Jokshan fathered Sheba and Dedan. And the sons of Dedan were Asshurim, Letushim, and Leummim.

4The sons of Midian were Ephah, Epher, Hanoch, Abida, and Eldaah. All of these were the sons of Keturah.

5Now Abraham gave all that he had to Isaac;

6but to the sons of his concubines, Abraham gave gifts while he was still living, and sent them away from his son Isaac eastward, to the land of the east.

7These are all the years of Abraham’s life that he lived, 175 years.

8Abraham breathed his last and died at a good old age, an old man and satisfied with life; and he was gathered to his people.

9Then his sons Isaac and Ishmael buried him in the cave of Machpelah, in the field of Ephron the son of Zohar the Hittite, facing Mamre,

10the field which Abraham purchased from the sons of Heth; there Abraham was buried with his wife Sarah.

11It came about after the death of Abraham, that God blessed his son Isaac; and Isaac lived by Beer-lahai-roi.

12Now these are the records of the generations of Ishmael, Abraham’s son, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah’s slave woman, bore to Abraham;

13and these are the names of the sons of Ishmael, by their names, in the order of their birth: Nebaioth, the firstborn of Ishmael, Kedar, Adbeel, Mibsam,

14Mishma, Dumah, Massa,

15Hadad, Tema, Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah.

16These are the sons of Ishmael and these are their names, by their villages, and by their camps; twelve princes according to their tribes.

17These are the years of the life of Ishmael, 137 years; and he breathed his last and died, and was gathered to his people.

18They settled from Havilah to Shur which is east of Egypt going toward Assyria; he settled in defiance of all his relatives.

19Now these are the records of the generations of Isaac, Abraham’s son: Abraham fathered Isaac;

20and Isaac was forty years old when he took Rebekah, the daughter of Bethuel the Aramean of Paddan-aram, the sister of Laban the Aramean, to be his wife.

21Isaac prayed to the Lord on behalf of his wife, because she was unable to have children; and the Lord answered him, and his wife Rebekah conceived.

22But the children struggled together within her; and she said, “If it is so, why am I in this condition?” So she went to inquire of the Lord.

23And the Lord said to her, “Two nations are in your womb; And two peoples will be separated from your body; And one people will be stronger than the other; And the older will serve the younger.”

24When her days leading to the delivery were at an end, behold, there were twins in her womb.

25Now the first came out red, all over like a hairy garment; and they named him Esau.

26Afterward his brother came out with his hand holding on to Esau’s heel, so he was named Jacob; and Isaac was sixty years old when she gave birth to them.

27When the boys grew up, Esau became a skillful hunter, a man of the field; but Jacob was a civilized man, living in tents.

28Now Isaac loved Esau because he had a taste for game; but Rebekah loved Jacob.

29When Jacob had cooked a stew one day, Esau came in from the field and he was exhausted;

30and Esau said to Jacob, “Please let me have a mouthful of that red stuff there, for I am exhausted.” Therefore he was called Edom by name.

31But Jacob said, “First sell me your birthright.”

32Esau said, “Look, I am about to die; so of what use then is the birthright to me?”

33And Jacob said, “First swear to me”; so he swore an oath to him, and sold his birthright to Jacob.

34Then Jacob gave Esau bread and lentil stew; and he ate and drank, and got up and went on his way. So Esau despised his birthright.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Genesis 25.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Abraham's family by Keturah, His death and burial. (1–10). God blesses Isaac, The descendants of Ishmael. (11–18). The birth of Esau and Jacob. (19–26). The different characters of Esau and Jacob. (27, 28). Esau despises and sells his birth-right. (29–34).

vv1-10

All the days, even of the best and greatest saints, are not remarkable days; some slide on silently; such were these last days of Abraham. Here is an account of Abraham's children by Keturah, and the disposition which he made of his estate. After the birth of these sons, he set his house in order, with prudence and justice. He did this while he yet lived. It is wisdom for men to do what they find to do while they live, as far as they can. Abraham lived 175 years; just one hundred years after he came to Canaan; so long he was a sojourner in a strange country. Whether our stay in this life be long or short, it matters but little, provided we leave behind us a testimony to the faithfulness and goodness of the Lord, and a good example to our families. We are told that his sons Isaac and Ishmael buried him. It seems that Abraham had himself brought them together while he lived. Let us not close the history of the life of Abraham without blessing God for such a testimony of the triumph of faith.

vv11-18

Ishmael had twelve sons, whose families became distinct tribes. They peopled a very large country that lay between Egypt and Assyria, called Arabia. The number and strength of this family were the fruit of the promise, made to Hagar and to Abraham, concerning Ishmael.

vv19-26

Isaac seems not to have been much tried, but to have spent his days in quietness. Jacob and Esau were prayed for; their parents, after being long childless, obtained them by prayer. The fulfilment of God's promise is always sure, yet it is often slow. The faith of believers is tried, their patience exercised, and mercies long waited for are more welcome when they come. Isaac and Rebekah kept in view the promise of all nations being blessed in their posterity, therefore were not only desirous of children, but anxious concerning every thing which seemed to mark their future character. In all our doubts we should inquire of the Lord by prayer. In many of our conflicts with sin and temptation, we may adopt Rebekah's words, “If it be so, why am I thus?” If a child of God, why so careless or carnal? If not a child of God, why so afraid of, or so burdened with sin?

Cross References

Genesis 25
v18Genesis 16:12fulfillment

Fulfillment of prophecy that Ishmael would dwell and die in the presence of all his brethren.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB

v23Romans 9:10-12allusion

Paul cites this oracle of election ("the elder shall serve the younger") to show God's sovereign purpose.

Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin, JFB

v33Hebrews 12:16allusion

New Testament explicitly labels Esau "profane" for selling his birthright for a single meal.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v5Genesis 24:36thematic

Confirms Abraham giving all his inheritance to Isaac, as recorded earlier in chapter 24.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v8Genesis 15:15fulfillment

Fulfillment of the promise that Abraham would die in a good old age.

Supported by JFB

v16Genesis 17:20fulfillment

Fulfillment of God's promise to make Ishmael fruitful and beget twelve princes.

Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin, JFB

v23Malachi 1:2-5thematic

God declares His love for Jacob and hatred of Esau (Edom), reflecting their early division.

Supported by John Calvin

v26Hosea 12:3allusion

Hosea explicitly references Jacob taking his brother by the heel in the womb.

Supported by John Calvin

v34Hebrews 12:17thematic

Confirms that Esau was later rejected when he desired to inherit the blessing.

Supported by Matthew Henry

Parallels the list of Keturah's sons, explicitly designating her as Abraham's concubine.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v9Genesis 23:19thematic

The purchase and initial use of the cave of Machpelah for Sarah's burial.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, John Calvin

v11Genesis 24:62thematic

Isaac's return to settle by the well Lahai-roi, where he previously journeyed.

Supported by John Calvin

v232 Samuel 8:14fulfillment

Fulfillment of the prophecy: David subdues Edom, and they become servants to Israel.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin

v31Genesis 27:36thematic

Esau bitterly recalls how Jacob took away both his birthright and his blessing.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin

Defines the legal birthright in Israel, consisting of a double portion of the inheritance.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v2Job 2:11thematic

Bildad the Shuhite is linked genealogically to Abraham's son Shuah by Keturah.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v4Isaiah 60:6thematic

Prophetic mention of Midian and Ephah bringing gold and incense.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v6Genesis 21:14thematic

Previous sending away of Hagar and Ishmael matches sending away Keturah's sons.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v11Genesis 17:19thematic

God establishes His covenant blessing specifically with Isaac after Abraham's death.

Supported by Matthew Poole

Parallels the genealogical record of the firstborn sons of Ishmael.

Supported by John Calvin

v23Genesis 27:37thematic

Isaac confirms to Esau that he has made Jacob his lord and master.

Supported by John Calvin

v23Genesis 27:40thematic

Isaac prophesies Esau's servile yoke under Jacob and his eventual rebellion.

Supported by John Calvin, JFB

v232 Chronicles 21:8fulfillment

Edom revolts from under the hand of Judah, matching Isaac's prophecy of rebellion.

Supported by JFB

v32Job 31:7thematic

Parallels the danger of the heart walking after the eyes to satisfy sensual desires.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v5Romans 9:7-9thematic

Distinguishes the chosen line of Isaac from Abraham's other fleshly descendants.

Supported by JFB

v181 Samuel 15:7thematic

Geographical boundaries from Havilah to Shur, matching Ishmael's dwelling place.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v20Genesis 28:2thematic

Reiterates Padan-aram as the ancestral homeland for Isaac's wife Rebekah.

Supported by John Calvin

v27Hebrews 11:9thematic

Jacob's quiet life "dwelling in tents" is praised as the lifestyle of faith.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v30Genesis 36:1thematic

Directly links Esau's descendents with the name Edom, meaning "Red."

Supported by Matthew Poole

v23Obadiah 1:1-16thematic

The entire prophecy details the historical, deep-seated enmity between Jacob and Esau's descendants.

Supported by John Calvin