Genesis27
New American Standard
1Now it came about, when Isaac was old and his eyes were too dim to see, that he called his older son Esau and said to him, “My son.” And he said to him, “Here I am.”
2Then Isaac said, “Behold now, I am old and I do not know the day of my death.
3Now then, please take your gear, your quiver and your bow, and go out to the field and hunt game for me;
4and prepare a delicious meal for me such as I love, and bring it to me that I may eat, so that my soul may bless you before I die.”
5Now Rebekah was listening while Isaac spoke to his son Esau. So when Esau went to the field to hunt for game to bring home,
6Rebekah said to her son Jacob, “Behold, I heard your father speak to your brother Esau, saying,
7‘Bring me some game and prepare a delicious meal for me, so that I may eat, and bless you in the presence of the Lord before my death.’
8So now, my son, listen to me as I command you.
9Go now to the flock and bring me two choice young goats from there, so that I may prepare them as a delicious meal for your father, such as he loves.
10Then you shall bring it to your father, that he may eat, so that he may bless you before his death.”
11But Jacob said to his mother Rebekah, “Behold, my brother Esau is a hairy man and I am a smooth man.
12Perhaps my father will touch me, then I will be like a deceiver in his sight, and I will bring upon myself a curse and not a blessing.”
13But his mother said to him, “Your curse be on me, my son; only obey my voice, and go, get the goats for me.”
14So he went and got them, and brought them to his mother; and his mother made a delicious meal such as his father loved.
15Then Rebekah took the best garments of her elder son Esau, which were with her in the house, and put them on her younger son Jacob.
16And she put the skins of the young goats on his hands and on the smooth part of his neck.
17She also gave the delicious meal and the bread which she had made to her son Jacob.
18Then he came to his father and said, “My father.” And he said, “Here I am. Who are you, my son?”
19Jacob said to his father, “I am Esau your firstborn; I have done as you told me. Come now, sit and eat of my game, so that you may bless me.”
20Isaac said to his son, “How is it that you have it so quickly, my son?” And he said, “Because the Lord your God made it come to me.”
21Then Isaac said to Jacob, “Please come close, so that I may feel you, my son, whether you are really my son Esau or not.”
22So Jacob came close to his father Isaac, and he touched him and said, “The voice is the voice of Jacob, but the hands are the hands of Esau.”
23And he did not recognize him, because his hands were hairy like his brother Esau’s hands; so he blessed him.
24And he said, “Are you really my son Esau?” And he said, “I am.”
25So he said, “Bring it to me, and I will eat of my son’s game, that I may bless you.” And he brought it to him, and he ate; he also brought him wine and he drank.
26Then his father Isaac said to him, “Please come close and kiss me, my son.”
27So he came close and kissed him; and when he smelled the smell of his garments, he blessed him and said, “See, the smell of my son Is like the smell of a field which the Lord has blessed;
28Now may God give you of the dew of heaven, And of the fatness of the earth, And an abundance of grain and new wine;
29May peoples serve you, And nations bow down to you; Be master of your brothers, And may your mother’s sons bow down to you. Cursed be those who curse you, And blessed be those who bless you.”
30Now it came about, as soon as Isaac had finished blessing Jacob, and Jacob had hardly gone out from the presence of his father Isaac, that his brother Esau came in from his hunting.
31Then he also made a delicious meal, and brought it to his father; and he said to his father, “Let my father arise and eat of his son’s game, that you may bless me.”
32His father Isaac said to him, “Who are you?” And he said, “I am your son, your firstborn, Esau.”
33Then Isaac trembled violently, and said, “Who then was he who hunted game and brought it to me, so that I ate from all of it before you came, and blessed him? Yes, and he shall be blessed.”
34When Esau heard the words of his father, he cried out with an exceedingly great and bitter cry, and said to his father, “Bless me, me as well, my father!”
35And he said, “Your brother came deceitfully and has taken away your blessing.”
36Then Esau said, “Is he not rightly named Jacob, for he has betrayed me these two times? He took away my birthright, and behold, now he has taken away my blessing.” And he said, “Have you not reserved a blessing for me?”
37But Isaac replied to Esau, “Behold, I have made him your master, and I have given to him all his relatives as servants; and with grain and new wine I have sustained him. What then can I do for you, my son?”
38Esau said to his father, “Do you have only one blessing, my father? Bless me, me as well, my father.” So Esau raised his voice and wept.
39Then his father Isaac answered and said to him, “Behold, away from the fertility of the earth shall be your dwelling, And away from the dew of heaven from above.
40And by your sword you shall live, And you shall serve your brother; But it shall come about when you become restless, That you will break his yoke from your neck.”
41So Esau held a grudge against Jacob because of the blessing with which his father had blessed him; and Esau said to himself, “The days of mourning for my father are near; then I will kill my brother Jacob.”
42Now when the words of her elder son Esau were reported to Rebekah, she sent word and called her younger son Jacob, and said to him, “Behold your brother Esau is consoling himself concerning you by planning to kill you.
43Now then, my son, obey my voice, and arise, flee to Haran, to my brother Laban!
44Stay with him a few days, until your brother’s fury subsides,
45until your brother’s anger against you subsides and he forgets what you did to him. Then I will send word and get you from there. Why should I lose you both in one day?”
46And Rebekah said to Isaac, “I am tired of living because of the daughters of Heth; if Jacob takes a wife from the daughters of Heth like these from the daughters of the land, what good will my life be to me?”
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Genesis 27.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Isaac sends Esau for venison. (1–5). Rebekah teaches Jacob to obtain the blessing. (6–17). Jacob, pretending to be Esau, obtains the blessing. (18–29). Isaac's fear, Esau's importunity. (30–40). Esau threatens Jacob's life, Rebekah sends Jacob away. (41–46).
vv1-5
The promises of the Messiah, and of the land of Canaan, had come down to Isaac. Isaac being now about 135 years of age, and his sons about 75, and not duly considering the Divine word concerning his two sons, that the elder should serve the younger, resolved to put all the honour and power that were in the promise, upon Esau his eldest son. We are very apt to take measures rather from our own reason than from Divine revelation, and thereby often miss our way.
vv6-17
Rebekah knew that the blessing was intended for Jacob, and expected he would have it. But she wronged Isaac by putting a cheat on him; she wronged Jacob by tempting him to wickedness. She put a stumbling-block in Esau's way, and gave him a pretext for hatred to Jacob and to religion. All were to be blamed. It was one of those crooked measures often adopted to further the Divine promises; as if the end would justify, or excuse wrong means. Thus many have acted wrong, under the idea of being useful in promoting the cause of Christ. The answer to all such things is that which God addressed to Abraham, I am God Almighty; walk before me and be thou perfect. And it was a very rash speech of Rebekah, “Upon me be thy curse, my son.” Christ has borne the curse of the law for all who take upon them the yoke of the command, the command of the gospel. But it is too daring for any creature to say, Upon me be thy curse.
vv18-29
Jacob, with some difficulty, gained his point, and got the blessing. This blessing is in very general terms. No mention is made of the distinguishing mercies in the covenant with Abraham. This might be owing to Isaac having Esau in his mind, though it was Jacob who was before him. He could not be ignorant how Esau had despised the best things. Moreover, his attachment to Esau, so as to disregard the mind of God, must have greatly weakened his own faith in these things. It might therefore be expected, that leanness would attend his blessing, agreeing with the state of his mind.
Key Words
הָיָה: to exist, i.e. be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
יִצְחָק: Jitschak (or Isaac), son of Abraham
זָקֵן: to be old
עַיִן: an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)
כָּהָה: to be weak, i.e. (figuratively) to despond (causatively, rebuke), or (of light, the eye) to grow dull
רָאָה: to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
קָרָא: to call out to (i.e. properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
עֵשָׂו: Esav, a son of Isaac, including his posterity
גָּדוֹל: great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent
בֵּן: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
Cross References
Genesis 27The divine oracle that the elder should serve the younger, which Isaac disregarded or forgot.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
New Testament commentary confirming Isaac blessed Jacob and Esau concerning things to come by faith.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Fulfills the original oracle that the elder shall serve the younger.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB
Warns of Esau's rejected, tearful plea for the blessing after despising his birthright.
Supported by Matthew Henry
The NT commentary stating that by faith Isaac blessed Jacob and Esau concerning things to come.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Deuteronomy pronounces a curse on anyone who makes the blind wander out of their way.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Paul cites the divine choice of Jacob over Esau prior to their birth.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Esau previously swore away his birthright to Jacob, confirming Jacob's name as supplanter.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
The prototypical sibling murder plot; Esau follows Cain's way in hating his brother over God's blessing.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Rebekah's grief over the daughters of Heth stems from Esau's prior marriages to them.
Supported by JFB
It is not of him that willeth (Isaac) or runneth (Esau hunting), but of God's mercy.
Supported by Matthew Henry
A curse is pronounced upon the deceiver who attempts to offer a corrupt thing to God.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Historical fulfillment where David puts garrisons in Edom and Edomites become servants.
Supported by JFB
Transfers Abraham's covenant promise—blessing those who bless him and cursing those who curse him.
Supported by Matthew Poole
New Testament warning identifying Esau as a profane person who sold his birthright.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Records Edom's revolt from under the hand of Judah, breaking the brotherly yoke.
Supported by JFB
Prophetic description of Edom's (Esau's descendants) perpetual violence and hatred against Jacob's descendants.
Edom is condemned because he did pursue his brother with the sword and cast off all pity.
Hosea explicitly summarizes how Jacob fled into the country of Syria to escape Esau.
Cursed is he who does the work of the Lord deceitfully or negligently.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Similar phrasing of bearing another's guilt: 'Upon me... be the iniquity, and my father's house guiltless.'
Supported by Matthew Poole
Refers to Jacob's initial fear of being felt by his father and cursed.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
Echoes the comparison of a blessed field receiving rain from God.
Supported by John Calvin
Parallels the blessing of dew and agricultural abundance promised to Joseph's land.
Supported by JFB
Prophetic parallel of the bowing down of brethren and dominion given to Judah.
Supported by JFB
Joseph's brothers fear he will cherish hatred and avenge himself after their father's death, like Esau.
Illustrates the maternal dread of being bereaved of both sons in a single day through blood vengeance.
The immediate outcome: Isaac commands Jacob not to take a wife of the Canaanites.
Parallel where Ahijah's eyes were set by reason of his age, making him vulnerable to disguise.
Establishes Isaac's carnal preference for Esau's venison, which set this entire conflict in motion.
Supported by Matthew Henry
The execution of Rebekah's plan using goat skins to deceive Isaac's touch.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
Parallels Ishmael's prediction of a wild, sword-reliant nomadic lifestyle.
Supported by JFB
Illustrates the formal period and custom of mourning for a father, which Esau anticipated before acting.
A brother offended is harder to be won than a strong city; their contentions are like bars.
The ancestral precedent: Abraham made his servant swear not to take a Canaanite wife for Isaac.
Do not boast of tomorrow, for you do not know what a day may bring forth.