Hebrews 11NASB
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Hebrews11

New American Standard

1Now faith is the certainty of things hoped for, a proof of things not seen.

2For by it the people of old gained approval.

3By faith we understand that the world has been created by the word of God so that what is seen has not been made out of things that are visible.

4By faith Abel offered to God a better sacrifice than Cain, through which he was attested to be righteous, God testifying about his gifts, and through faith, though he is dead, he still speaks.

5By faith Enoch was taken up so that he would not see death; and he was not found because God took him up; for before he was taken up, he was attested to have been pleasing to God.

6And without faith it is impossible to please Him, for the one who comes to God must believe that He exists, and that He proves to be One who rewards those who seek Him.

7By faith Noah, being warned by God about things not yet seen, in reverence prepared an ark for the salvation of his household, by which he condemned the world, and became an heir of the righteousness which is according to faith.

8By faith Abraham, when he was called, obeyed by going out to a place which he was to receive for an inheritance; and he left, not knowing where he was going.

9By faith he lived as a stranger in the land of promise, as in a foreign land, living in tents with Isaac and Jacob, fellow heirs of the same promise;

10for he was looking for the city which has foundations, whose architect and builder is God.

11By faith even Sarah herself received ability to conceive, even beyond the proper time of life, since she considered Him faithful who had promised.

12Therefore even from one man, and one who was as good as dead at that, there were born descendants who were just as the stars of heaven in number, and as the innumerable grains of sand along the seashore.

13All these died in faith, without receiving the promises, but having seen and welcomed them from a distance, and having confessed that they were strangers and exiles on the earth.

14For those who say such things make it clear that they are seeking a country of their own.

15And indeed if they had been thinking of that country which they left, they would have had opportunity to return.

16But as it is, they desire a better country, that is, a heavenly one. Therefore God is not ashamed to be called their God; for He has prepared a city for them.

17By faith Abraham, when he was tested, offered up Isaac, and the one who had received the promises was offering up his only son;

18it was he to whom it was said, “Through Isaac your descendants shall be named.”

19He considered that God is able to raise people even from the dead, from which he also received him back as a type.

20By faith Isaac blessed Jacob and Esau, even regarding things to come.

21By faith Jacob, as he was dying, blessed each of the sons of Joseph, and worshiped, leaning on the top of his staff.

22By faith Joseph, when he was dying, made mention of the exodus of the sons of Israel, and gave orders concerning his bones.

23By faith Moses, when he was born, was hidden for three months by his parents, because they saw he was a beautiful child; and they were not afraid of the king’s edict.

24By faith Moses, when he had grown up, refused to be called the son of Pharaoh’s daughter,

25choosing rather to endure ill-treatment with the people of God than to enjoy the temporary pleasures of sin,

26considering the reproach of Christ greater riches than the treasures of Egypt; for he was looking to the reward.

27By faith he left Egypt, not fearing the wrath of the king; for he persevered, as though seeing Him who is unseen.

28By faith he kept the Passover and the sprinkling of the blood, so that the destroyer of the firstborn would not touch them.

29By faith they passed through the Red Sea as through dry land; and the Egyptians, when they attempted it, were drowned.

30By faith the walls of Jericho fell down after the Israelites had marched around them for seven days.

31By faith the prostitute Rahab did not perish along with those who were disobedient, after she had welcomed the spies in peace.

32And what more shall I say? For time will fail me if I tell of Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jephthah, of David and Samuel and the prophets,

33who by faith conquered kingdoms, performed acts of righteousness, obtained promises, shut the mouths of lions,

34quenched the power of fire, escaped the edge of the sword, from weakness were made strong, became mighty in war, put foreign armies to flight.

35Women received back their dead by resurrection; and others were tortured, not accepting their release, so that they might obtain a better resurrection;

36and others experienced mocking and flogging, and further, chains and imprisonment.

37They were stoned, they were sawn in two, they were tempted, they were put to death with the sword; they went about in sheepskins, in goatskins, being destitute, afflicted, tormented

38(people of whom the world was not worthy), wandering in deserts, on mountains, and sheltering in caves and holes in the ground.

39And all these, having gained approval through their faith, did not receive what was promised,

40because God had provided something better for us, so that apart from us they would not be made perfect.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Hebrews 11.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The nature and power of faith described. (1–3). It is set forth by instances from Abel to Noah. (4–7). By Abraham and his descendants. (8–19). By Jacob, Joseph, Moses, the Israelites, and Rahab. (20–31). By other Old Testament believers. (32–38). The better state of believers under the gospel. (39, 40).

vv1-3

Faith always has been the mark of God's servants, from the beginning of the world. Where the principle is planted by the regenerating Spirit of God, it will cause the truth to be received, concerning justification by the sufferings and merits of Christ. And the same things that are the object of our hope, are the object of our faith. It is a firm persuasion and expectation, that God will perform all he has promised to us in Christ. This persuasion gives the soul to enjoy those things now; it gives them a subsistence or reality in the soul, by the first-fruits and foretastes of them. Faith proves to the mind, the reality of things that cannot be seen by the bodily eye. It is a full approval of all God has revealed, as holy, just, and good. This view of faith is explained by many examples of persons in former times, who obtained a good report, or an honourable character in the word of God. Faith was the principle of their holy obedience, remarkable services, and patient sufferings. The Bible gives the most true and exact account of the origin of all things, and we are to believe it, and not to wrest the Scripture account of the creation, because it does not suit with the differing fancies of men. All that we see of the works of creation, were brought into being by the command of God.

vv4-7

Here follow some illustrious examples of faith from the Old Testament. Abel brought a sacrifice of atonement from the firstlings of the flock, acknowledging himself a sinner who deserved to die, and only hoping for mercy through the great Sacrifice. Cain's proud rage and enmity against the accepted worshipper of God, led to the awful effects the same principles have produced in every age; the cruel persecution, and even murder of believers. By faith Abel, being dead, yet speaketh; he left an instructive and speaking example. Enoch was translated, or removed, that he should not see death; God took him into heaven, as Christ will do the saints who shall be alive at his second coming. We cannot come to God, unless we believe that he is what he has revealed himself to be in the Scripture. Those who would find God, must seek him with all their heart. Noah's faith influenced his practice; it moved him to prepare an ark. His faith condemned the unbelief of others; and his obedience condemned their contempt and rebellion. Good examples either convert sinners or condemn them. This shows how believers, being warned of God to flee from the wrath to come, are moved with fear, take refuge in Christ, and become heirs of the righteousness of faith.

vv8-19

We are often called to leave worldly connexions, interests, and comforts. If heirs of Abraham's faith, we shall obey and go forth, though not knowing what may befall us; and we shall be found in the way of duty, looking for the performance of God's promises. The trial of Abraham's faith was, that he simply and fully obeyed the call of God. Sarah received the promise as the promise of God; being convinced of that, she truly judged that he both could and would perform it. Many, who have a part in the promises, do not soon receive the things promised. Faith can lay hold of blessings at a great distance; can make them present; can love them and rejoice in them, though strangers; as saints, whose home is heaven; as pilgrims, travelling toward their home. By faith, they overcome the terrors of death, and bid a cheerful farewell to this world, and to all the comforts and crosses of it. And those once truly and savingly called out of a sinful state, have no mind to return into it. All true believers desire the heavenly inheritance; and the stronger faith is, the more fervent those desires will be. Notwithstanding their meanness by nature, their vileness by sin, and the poverty of their outward condition, God is not ashamed to be called the God of all true believers; such is his mercy, such is his love to them. Let them never be ashamed of being called his people, nor of any of those who are truly so, how much soever despised in the world. Above all, let them take care that they are not a shame and reproach to their God. The greatest trial and act of faith upon record is, Abraham's offering up Isaac, Ge 22:2. There, every word shows a trial. It is our duty to reason down our doubts and fears, by looking, as Abraham did, to the Almighty power of God. The best way to enjoy our comforts is, to give them up to God; he will then again give them as shall be the best for us. Let us look how far our faith has caused the like obedience, when we have been called to lesser acts of self-denial, or to make smaller sacrifices to our duty. Have we given up what was called for, fully believing that the Lord would make up all our losses, and even bless us by the most afflicting dispensations?

Cross References

Hebrews 11
v17Genesis 22:1-12thematic

The foundational Old Testament narrative of Abraham being tested by offering up his son Isaac.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v21Genesis 47:31quotation

Source of Jacob worshiping, bowing on the bed's head or leaning upon his staff.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v21Genesis 48:5-22allusion

The narrative of Jacob by faith blessing Ephraim and Manasseh, the sons of Joseph.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v22Genesis 50:24-25quotation

Joseph's dying words making mention of the departing and commanding concerning his bones.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v23Exodus 2:2-10allusion

The history of Moses being hid three months by his parents because he was proper.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v28Exodus 12:21-30allusion

Moses keeping the Passover and sprinkling of blood to escape the destroyer of firstborn.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v29Exodus 14:13-31allusion

The crossing of the Red Sea by faith as on dry land, which Egyptians assayed.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v30Joshua 6:3-20allusion

The historical account of the walls of Jericho falling after being compassed seven days.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v31Joshua 2:1-22allusion

Rahab the harlot receiving the spies with peace, exemplifying saving faith.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v3Genesis 1:1-31thematic

The Genesis record of the creation of the visible worlds by the powerful word of God.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v4Genesis 4:3-5thematic

The account of Abel's accepted sacrifice of the firstlings versus Cain's rejected offering.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v5Genesis 5:22-24thematic

The historical account of Enoch walking with God and his translation before seeing death.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v8Genesis 12:1-4thematic

The call of Abraham to leave his country, obeying God to receive an unknown inheritance.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v18Genesis 21:12quotation

The direct quotation establishing that the promised seed of Abraham must be reckoned through Isaac.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v33Daniel 6:22allusion

Daniel by faith stopping the mouths of lions in the den.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v34Daniel 3:19-28allusion

Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego by faith quenching the violence of fiery furnace.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v351 Kings 17:22-24allusion

Elijah raising the widow's dead son, a woman receiving her dead raised.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v352 Kings 4:27-37allusion

Elisha restoring the Shunammite woman's son to life.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v2Hebrews 11:39thematic

Parallels the elders obtaining a good report but not yet receiving the fully realized promise.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v7Genesis 6:22thematic

Noah's active obedience in preparing the ark exactly as God commanded him by faith.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v11Romans 4:19thematic

Paul's parallel description of Abraham's body and Sarah's womb being biologically 'dead' yet fruitful.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v13John 8:56thematic

Jesus declares that Abraham rejoiced to see His day, seeing and welcoming it from afar.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v13Genesis 23:4thematic

Abraham explicitly confesses to the sons of Heth that he is a stranger and sojourner.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v18Romans 9:7quotation

Paul quotes Gen 21:12 to explain God's sovereign covenant lineage through Isaac.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v20Genesis 27:27-40thematic

The account of Isaac blessing Jacob and Esau by faith concerning their future destinies.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v22Exodus 13:19thematic

Moses carrying out Joseph's bone command during the Exodus departure.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v271 Timothy 1:17thematic

Refers to God as 'the King eternal, immortal, invisible,' matching 'seeing him who is invisible.'

Supported by Matthew Henry

v401 Peter 1:10-12thematic

Prophets serving not themselves but us with things now fully revealed.

Supported by JFB

v1Hebrews 10:39thematic

The immediate preceding context prompting this entire discourse on saving, persevering faith.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v3Psalms 33:6thematic

Confirms that by the word of the Lord the heavens and their host were made.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v11Genesis 18:11-14thematic

The narrative of Sarah's laughter turning to belief in the promise despite advanced age.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v12Genesis 22:17thematic

The promise that Abraham's descendants would equal the stars and the sand on the seashore.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v13Genesis 47:9thematic

Jacob confesses to Pharaoh that the days of his pilgrimage have been few and evil.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v131 Peter 2:11thematic

Exhorts Christians as strangers and pilgrims on earth, mirroring the Old Testament patriarchs.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v16Exodus 3:6thematic

God identifies Himself as the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, not ashamed of them.

Supported by Matthew Henry