Genesis27
New Living Translation
1One day when Isaac was old and turning blind, he called for Esau, his older son, and said, “My son.” “Yes, Father?” Esau replied.
2“I am an old man now,” Isaac said, “and I don’t know when I may die.
3Take your bow and a quiver full of arrows, and go out into the open country to hunt some wild game for me.
4Prepare my favorite dish, and bring it here for me to eat. Then I will pronounce the blessing that belongs to you, my firstborn son, before I die.”
5But Rebekah overheard what Isaac had said to his son Esau. So when Esau left to hunt for the wild game,
6she said to her son Jacob, “Listen. I overheard your father say to Esau,
7‘Bring me some wild game and prepare me a delicious meal. Then I will bless you in the Lord’s presence before I die.’
8Now, my son, listen to me. Do exactly as I tell you.
9Go out to the flocks, and bring me two fine young goats. I’ll use them to prepare your father’s favorite dish.
10Then take the food to your father so he can eat it and bless you before he dies.”
11“But look,” Jacob replied to Rebekah, “my brother, Esau, is a hairy man, and my skin is smooth.
12What if my father touches me? He’ll see that I’m trying to trick him, and then he’ll curse me instead of blessing me.”
13But his mother replied, “Then let the curse fall on me, my son! Just do what I tell you. Go out and get the goats for me!”
14So Jacob went out and got the young goats for his mother. Rebekah took them and prepared a delicious meal, just the way Isaac liked it.
15Then she took Esau’s favorite clothes, which were there in the house, and gave them to her younger son, Jacob.
16She covered his arms and the smooth part of his neck with the skin of the young goats.
17Then she gave Jacob the delicious meal, including freshly baked bread.
18So Jacob took the food to his father. “My father?” he said. “Yes, my son,” Isaac answered. “Who are you—Esau or Jacob?”
19Jacob replied, “It’s Esau, your firstborn son. I’ve done as you told me. Here is the wild game. Now sit up and eat it so you can give me your blessing.”
20Isaac asked, “How did you find it so quickly, my son?” “The Lord your God put it in my path!” Jacob replied.
21Then Isaac said to Jacob, “Come closer so I can touch you and make sure that you really are Esau.”
22So Jacob went closer to his father, and Isaac touched him. “The voice is Jacob’s, but the hands are Esau’s,” Isaac said.
23But he did not recognize Jacob, because Jacob’s hands felt hairy just like Esau’s. So Isaac prepared to bless Jacob.
24“But are you really my son Esau?” he asked. “Yes, I am,” Jacob replied.
25Then Isaac said, “Now, my son, bring me the wild game. Let me eat it, and then I will give you my blessing.” So Jacob took the food to his father, and Isaac ate it. He also drank the wine that Jacob served him.
26Then Isaac said to Jacob, “Please come a little closer and kiss me, my son.”
27So Jacob went over and kissed him. And when Isaac caught the smell of his clothes, he was finally convinced, and he blessed his son. He said, “Ah! The smell of my son is like the smell of the outdoors, which the Lord has blessed!
28“From the dew of heaven and the richness of the earth, may God always give you abundant harvests of grain and bountiful new wine.
29May many nations become your servants, and may they bow down to you. May you be the master over your brothers, and may your mother’s sons bow down to you. All who curse you will be cursed, and all who bless you will be blessed.”
30As soon as Isaac had finished blessing Jacob, and almost before Jacob had left his father, Esau returned from his hunt.
31Esau prepared a delicious meal and brought it to his father. Then he said, “Sit up, my father, and eat my wild game so you can give me your blessing.”
32But Isaac asked him, “Who are you?” Esau replied, “It’s your son, your firstborn son, Esau.”
33Isaac began to tremble uncontrollably and said, “Then who just served me wild game? I have already eaten it, and I blessed him just before you came. And yes, that blessing must stand!”
34When Esau heard his father’s words, he let out a loud and bitter cry. “Oh my father, what about me? Bless me, too!” he begged.
35But Isaac said, “Your brother was here, and he tricked me. He has taken away your blessing.”
36Esau exclaimed, “No wonder his name is Jacob, for now he has cheated me twice. First he took my rights as the firstborn, and now he has stolen my blessing. Oh, haven’t you saved even one blessing for me?”
37Isaac said to Esau, “I have made Jacob your master and have declared that all his brothers will be his servants. I have guaranteed him an abundance of grain and wine—what is left for me to give you, my son?”
38Esau pleaded, “But do you have only one blessing? Oh my father, bless me, too!” Then Esau broke down and wept.
39Finally, his father, Isaac, said to him, “You will live away from the richness of the earth, and away from the dew of the heaven above.
40You will live by your sword, and you will serve your brother. But when you decide to break free, you will shake his yoke from your neck.”
41From that time on, Esau hated Jacob because their father had given Jacob the blessing. And Esau began to scheme: “I will soon be mourning my father’s death. Then I will kill my brother, Jacob.”
42But Rebekah heard about Esau’s plans. So she sent for Jacob and told him, “Listen, Esau is consoling himself by plotting to kill you.
43So listen carefully, my son. Get ready and flee to my brother, Laban, in Haran.
44Stay there with him until your brother cools off.
45When he calms down and forgets what you have done to him, I will send for you to come back. Why should I lose both of you in one day?”
46Then Rebekah said to Isaac, “I’m sick and tired of these local Hittite women! I would rather die than see Jacob marry one of them.”
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Genesis 27.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Isaac sends Esau for venison. (1–5). Rebekah teaches Jacob to obtain the blessing. (6–17). Jacob, pretending to be Esau, obtains the blessing. (18–29). Isaac's fear, Esau's importunity. (30–40). Esau threatens Jacob's life, Rebekah sends Jacob away. (41–46).
vv1-5
The promises of the Messiah, and of the land of Canaan, had come down to Isaac. Isaac being now about 135 years of age, and his sons about 75, and not duly considering the Divine word concerning his two sons, that the elder should serve the younger, resolved to put all the honour and power that were in the promise, upon Esau his eldest son. We are very apt to take measures rather from our own reason than from Divine revelation, and thereby often miss our way.
vv6-17
Rebekah knew that the blessing was intended for Jacob, and expected he would have it. But she wronged Isaac by putting a cheat on him; she wronged Jacob by tempting him to wickedness. She put a stumbling-block in Esau's way, and gave him a pretext for hatred to Jacob and to religion. All were to be blamed. It was one of those crooked measures often adopted to further the Divine promises; as if the end would justify, or excuse wrong means. Thus many have acted wrong, under the idea of being useful in promoting the cause of Christ. The answer to all such things is that which God addressed to Abraham, I am God Almighty; walk before me and be thou perfect. And it was a very rash speech of Rebekah, “Upon me be thy curse, my son.” Christ has borne the curse of the law for all who take upon them the yoke of the command, the command of the gospel. But it is too daring for any creature to say, Upon me be thy curse.
vv18-29
Jacob, with some difficulty, gained his point, and got the blessing. This blessing is in very general terms. No mention is made of the distinguishing mercies in the covenant with Abraham. This might be owing to Isaac having Esau in his mind, though it was Jacob who was before him. He could not be ignorant how Esau had despised the best things. Moreover, his attachment to Esau, so as to disregard the mind of God, must have greatly weakened his own faith in these things. It might therefore be expected, that leanness would attend his blessing, agreeing with the state of his mind.
Key Words
הָיָה: to exist, i.e. be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
יִצְחָק: Jitschak (or Isaac), son of Abraham
זָקֵן: to be old
עַיִן: an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)
כָּהָה: to be weak, i.e. (figuratively) to despond (causatively, rebuke), or (of light, the eye) to grow dull
רָאָה: to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
קָרָא: to call out to (i.e. properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
עֵשָׂו: Esav, a son of Isaac, including his posterity
גָּדוֹל: great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent
בֵּן: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
Cross References
Genesis 27The divine oracle that the elder should serve the younger, which Isaac disregarded or forgot.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
New Testament commentary confirming Isaac blessed Jacob and Esau concerning things to come by faith.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Fulfills the original oracle that the elder shall serve the younger.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB
Warns of Esau's rejected, tearful plea for the blessing after despising his birthright.
Supported by Matthew Henry
The NT commentary stating that by faith Isaac blessed Jacob and Esau concerning things to come.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Deuteronomy pronounces a curse on anyone who makes the blind wander out of their way.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Paul cites the divine choice of Jacob over Esau prior to their birth.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Esau previously swore away his birthright to Jacob, confirming Jacob's name as supplanter.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
The prototypical sibling murder plot; Esau follows Cain's way in hating his brother over God's blessing.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Rebekah's grief over the daughters of Heth stems from Esau's prior marriages to them.
Supported by JFB
It is not of him that willeth (Isaac) or runneth (Esau hunting), but of God's mercy.
Supported by Matthew Henry
A curse is pronounced upon the deceiver who attempts to offer a corrupt thing to God.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Historical fulfillment where David puts garrisons in Edom and Edomites become servants.
Supported by JFB
Transfers Abraham's covenant promise—blessing those who bless him and cursing those who curse him.
Supported by Matthew Poole
New Testament warning identifying Esau as a profane person who sold his birthright.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Records Edom's revolt from under the hand of Judah, breaking the brotherly yoke.
Supported by JFB
Prophetic description of Edom's (Esau's descendants) perpetual violence and hatred against Jacob's descendants.
Edom is condemned because he did pursue his brother with the sword and cast off all pity.
Hosea explicitly summarizes how Jacob fled into the country of Syria to escape Esau.
Cursed is he who does the work of the Lord deceitfully or negligently.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Similar phrasing of bearing another's guilt: 'Upon me... be the iniquity, and my father's house guiltless.'
Supported by Matthew Poole
Refers to Jacob's initial fear of being felt by his father and cursed.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
Echoes the comparison of a blessed field receiving rain from God.
Supported by John Calvin
Parallels the blessing of dew and agricultural abundance promised to Joseph's land.
Supported by JFB
Prophetic parallel of the bowing down of brethren and dominion given to Judah.
Supported by JFB
Joseph's brothers fear he will cherish hatred and avenge himself after their father's death, like Esau.
Illustrates the maternal dread of being bereaved of both sons in a single day through blood vengeance.
The immediate outcome: Isaac commands Jacob not to take a wife of the Canaanites.
Parallel where Ahijah's eyes were set by reason of his age, making him vulnerable to disguise.
Establishes Isaac's carnal preference for Esau's venison, which set this entire conflict in motion.
Supported by Matthew Henry
The execution of Rebekah's plan using goat skins to deceive Isaac's touch.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
Parallels Ishmael's prediction of a wild, sword-reliant nomadic lifestyle.
Supported by JFB
Illustrates the formal period and custom of mourning for a father, which Esau anticipated before acting.
A brother offended is harder to be won than a strong city; their contentions are like bars.
The ancestral precedent: Abraham made his servant swear not to take a Canaanite wife for Isaac.
Do not boast of tomorrow, for you do not know what a day may bring forth.