Amos1
New Living Translation
1This message was given to Amos, a shepherd from the town of Tekoa in Judah. He received this message in visions two years before the earthquake, when Uzziah was king of Judah and Jeroboam II, the son of Jehoash, was king of Israel.
2This is what he saw and heard: “The Lord’s voice will roar from Zion and thunder from Jerusalem! The lush pastures of the shepherds will dry up; the grass on Mount Carmel will wither and die.”
3This is what the Lord says: “The people of Damascus have sinned again and again, and I will not let them go unpunished! They beat down my people in Gilead as grain is threshed with iron sledges.
4So I will send down fire on King Hazael’s palace, and the fortresses of King Ben-hadad will be destroyed.
5I will break down the gates of Damascus and slaughter the people in the valley of Aven. I will destroy the ruler in Beth-eden, and the people of Aram will go as captives to Kir,” says the Lord.
6This is what the Lord says: “The people of Gaza have sinned again and again, and I will not let them go unpunished! They sent whole villages into exile, selling them as slaves to Edom.
7So I will send down fire on the walls of Gaza, and all its fortresses will be destroyed.
8I will slaughter the people of Ashdod and destroy the king of Ashkelon. Then I will turn to attack Ekron, and the few Philistines still left will be killed,” says the Sovereign Lord.
9This is what the Lord says: “The people of Tyre have sinned again and again, and I will not let them go unpunished! They broke their treaty of brotherhood with Israel, selling whole villages as slaves to Edom.
10So I will send down fire on the walls of Tyre, and all its fortresses will be destroyed.”
11This is what the Lord says: “The people of Edom have sinned again and again, and I will not let them go unpunished! They chased down their relatives, the Israelites, with swords, showing them no mercy. In their rage, they slashed them continually and were unrelenting in their anger.
12So I will send down fire on Teman, and the fortresses of Bozrah will be destroyed.”
13This is what the Lord says: “The people of Ammon have sinned again and again, and I will not let them go unpunished! When they attacked Gilead to extend their borders, they ripped open pregnant women with their swords.
14So I will send down fire on the walls of Rabbah, and all its fortresses will be destroyed. The battle will come upon them with shouts, like a whirlwind in a mighty storm.
15And their king and his princes will go into exile together,” says the Lord.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Amos 1.
Key Words
דָּבָר: a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
עָמוֹס: Amos, an Israelite prophet
אֲשֶׁר: who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.
נֹקֵד: a spotter (of sheep or cattle), i.e. the owner or tender (who thus marks them)
תְּקוֹעַ: Tekoa, a place in Palestine
חָזָה: to gaze at; mentally to perceive, contemplate (with pleasure); specifically, to have avision of
יִשְׂרָאֵל: Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
יוֹם: a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated term), (often used adverb)
עֻזִּיָּה: Uzzijah, the name of five Israelites
מֶלֶךְ: a king
Cross References
Amos 1Explicitly mentions the same historic earthquake during the reign of Uzziah, king of Judah.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB
Direct textual parallel: "the Lord shall roar from Zion, and utter his voice from Jerusalem."
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallel imagery of God roaring from on high and uttering His voice from His holy habitation.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Historical fulfillment of Syria threshing Gilead like dust, under Hazael and Ben-hadad.
Supported by JFB
Direct historical fulfillment: the king of Assyria took Damascus and carried its people captive to Kir.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Direct parallel prediction: "I will kindle a fire in the wall of Damascus... palaces of Ben-hadad."
Supported by JFB
Repeated judgment formula: "I will send a fire upon his cities... and devour palaces."
Supported by JFB
Illuminates the "brotherly covenant" violated by Tyre, referencing Solomon and Hiram's league.
Supported by JFB
Expands on Edom's severe guilt for violence and lack of pity toward brother Jacob.
Supported by JFB
Amos confirms his own identity as a simple herdman and gatherer of sycamore fruit.
Supported by John Calvin, JFB
Parallel imagery of God breaking the protective bars of a city's gates.
Supported by JFB
The origin of Edom's perpetual hatred and anger against his brother Jacob.
Supported by JFB
Historical parallel of the atrocious practice of ripping open pregnant women in war.
Supported by JFB
Parallel prophecy of judgment against Tyre, its power, and its destruction by fire.
Supported by JFB
Contrasts God's command not to abhor an Edomite brother with Edom's relentless hatred.
Supported by JFB