Genesis 25NLT
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Genesis25

New Living Translation

1Abraham married another wife, whose name was Keturah.

2She gave birth to Zimran, Jokshan, Medan, Midian, Ishbak, and Shuah.

3Jokshan was the father of Sheba and Dedan. Dedan’s descendants were the Asshurites, Letushites, and Leummites.

4Midian’s sons were Ephah, Epher, Hanoch, Abida, and Eldaah. These were all descendants of Abraham through Keturah.

5Abraham gave everything he owned to his son Isaac.

6But before he died, he gave gifts to the sons of his concubines and sent them off to a land in the east, away from Isaac.

7Abraham lived for 175 years,

8and he died at a ripe old age, having lived a long and satisfying life. He breathed his last and joined his ancestors in death.

9His sons Isaac and Ishmael buried him in the cave of Machpelah, near Mamre, in the field of Ephron son of Zohar the Hittite.

10This was the field Abraham had purchased from the Hittites and where he had buried his wife Sarah.

11After Abraham’s death, God blessed his son Isaac, who settled near Beer-lahai-roi in the Negev.

12This is the account of the family of Ishmael, the son of Abraham through Hagar, Sarah’s Egyptian servant.

13Here is a list, by their names and clans, of Ishmael’s descendants: The oldest was Nebaioth, followed by Kedar, Adbeel, Mibsam,

14Mishma, Dumah, Massa,

15Hadad, Tema, Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah.

16These twelve sons of Ishmael became the founders of twelve tribes named after them, listed according to the places they settled and camped.

17Ishmael lived for 137 years. Then he breathed his last and joined his ancestors in death.

18Ishmael’s descendants occupied the region from Havilah to Shur, which is east of Egypt in the direction of Asshur. There they lived in open hostility toward all their relatives.

19This is the account of the family of Isaac, the son of Abraham.

20When Isaac was forty years old, he married Rebekah, the daughter of Bethuel the Aramean from Paddan-aram and the sister of Laban the Aramean.

21Isaac pleaded with the Lord on behalf of his wife, because she was unable to have children. The Lord answered Isaac’s prayer, and Rebekah became pregnant with twins.

22But the two children struggled with each other in her womb. So she went to ask the Lord about it. “Why is this happening to me?” she asked.

23And the Lord told her, “The sons in your womb will become two nations. From the very beginning, the two nations will be rivals. One nation will be stronger than the other; and your older son will serve your younger son.”

24And when the time came to give birth, Rebekah discovered that she did indeed have twins!

25The first one was very red at birth and covered with thick hair like a fur coat. So they named him Esau.

26Then the other twin was born with his hand grasping Esau’s heel. So they named him Jacob. Isaac was sixty years old when the twins were born.

27As the boys grew up, Esau became a skillful hunter. He was an outdoorsman, but Jacob had a quiet temperament, preferring to stay at home.

28Isaac loved Esau because he enjoyed eating the wild game Esau brought home, but Rebekah loved Jacob.

29One day when Jacob was cooking some stew, Esau arrived home from the wilderness exhausted and hungry.

30Esau said to Jacob, “I’m starved! Give me some of that red stew!” (This is how Esau got his other name, Edom, which means “red.”)

31“All right,” Jacob replied, “but trade me your rights as the firstborn son.”

32“Look, I’m dying of starvation!” said Esau. “What good is my birthright to me now?”

33But Jacob said, “First you must swear that your birthright is mine.” So Esau swore an oath, thereby selling all his rights as the firstborn to his brother, Jacob.

34Then Jacob gave Esau some bread and lentil stew. Esau ate the meal, then got up and left. He showed contempt for his rights as the firstborn.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Genesis 25.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Abraham's family by Keturah, His death and burial. (1–10). God blesses Isaac, The descendants of Ishmael. (11–18). The birth of Esau and Jacob. (19–26). The different characters of Esau and Jacob. (27, 28). Esau despises and sells his birth-right. (29–34).

vv1-10

All the days, even of the best and greatest saints, are not remarkable days; some slide on silently; such were these last days of Abraham. Here is an account of Abraham's children by Keturah, and the disposition which he made of his estate. After the birth of these sons, he set his house in order, with prudence and justice. He did this while he yet lived. It is wisdom for men to do what they find to do while they live, as far as they can. Abraham lived 175 years; just one hundred years after he came to Canaan; so long he was a sojourner in a strange country. Whether our stay in this life be long or short, it matters but little, provided we leave behind us a testimony to the faithfulness and goodness of the Lord, and a good example to our families. We are told that his sons Isaac and Ishmael buried him. It seems that Abraham had himself brought them together while he lived. Let us not close the history of the life of Abraham without blessing God for such a testimony of the triumph of faith.

vv11-18

Ishmael had twelve sons, whose families became distinct tribes. They peopled a very large country that lay between Egypt and Assyria, called Arabia. The number and strength of this family were the fruit of the promise, made to Hagar and to Abraham, concerning Ishmael.

vv19-26

Isaac seems not to have been much tried, but to have spent his days in quietness. Jacob and Esau were prayed for; their parents, after being long childless, obtained them by prayer. The fulfilment of God's promise is always sure, yet it is often slow. The faith of believers is tried, their patience exercised, and mercies long waited for are more welcome when they come. Isaac and Rebekah kept in view the promise of all nations being blessed in their posterity, therefore were not only desirous of children, but anxious concerning every thing which seemed to mark their future character. In all our doubts we should inquire of the Lord by prayer. In many of our conflicts with sin and temptation, we may adopt Rebekah's words, “If it be so, why am I thus?” If a child of God, why so careless or carnal? If not a child of God, why so afraid of, or so burdened with sin?

Cross References

Genesis 25
v18Genesis 16:12fulfillment

Fulfillment of prophecy that Ishmael would dwell and die in the presence of all his brethren.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB

v23Romans 9:10-12allusion

Paul cites this oracle of election ("the elder shall serve the younger") to show God's sovereign purpose.

Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin, JFB

v33Hebrews 12:16allusion

New Testament explicitly labels Esau "profane" for selling his birthright for a single meal.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v5Genesis 24:36thematic

Confirms Abraham giving all his inheritance to Isaac, as recorded earlier in chapter 24.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v8Genesis 15:15fulfillment

Fulfillment of the promise that Abraham would die in a good old age.

Supported by JFB

v16Genesis 17:20fulfillment

Fulfillment of God's promise to make Ishmael fruitful and beget twelve princes.

Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin, JFB

v23Malachi 1:2-5thematic

God declares His love for Jacob and hatred of Esau (Edom), reflecting their early division.

Supported by John Calvin

v26Hosea 12:3allusion

Hosea explicitly references Jacob taking his brother by the heel in the womb.

Supported by John Calvin

v34Hebrews 12:17thematic

Confirms that Esau was later rejected when he desired to inherit the blessing.

Supported by Matthew Henry

Parallels the list of Keturah's sons, explicitly designating her as Abraham's concubine.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v9Genesis 23:19thematic

The purchase and initial use of the cave of Machpelah for Sarah's burial.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, John Calvin

v11Genesis 24:62thematic

Isaac's return to settle by the well Lahai-roi, where he previously journeyed.

Supported by John Calvin

v232 Samuel 8:14fulfillment

Fulfillment of the prophecy: David subdues Edom, and they become servants to Israel.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin

v31Genesis 27:36thematic

Esau bitterly recalls how Jacob took away both his birthright and his blessing.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin

Defines the legal birthright in Israel, consisting of a double portion of the inheritance.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v2Job 2:11thematic

Bildad the Shuhite is linked genealogically to Abraham's son Shuah by Keturah.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v4Isaiah 60:6thematic

Prophetic mention of Midian and Ephah bringing gold and incense.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v6Genesis 21:14thematic

Previous sending away of Hagar and Ishmael matches sending away Keturah's sons.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v11Genesis 17:19thematic

God establishes His covenant blessing specifically with Isaac after Abraham's death.

Supported by Matthew Poole

Parallels the genealogical record of the firstborn sons of Ishmael.

Supported by John Calvin

v23Genesis 27:37thematic

Isaac confirms to Esau that he has made Jacob his lord and master.

Supported by John Calvin

v23Genesis 27:40thematic

Isaac prophesies Esau's servile yoke under Jacob and his eventual rebellion.

Supported by John Calvin, JFB

v232 Chronicles 21:8fulfillment

Edom revolts from under the hand of Judah, matching Isaac's prophecy of rebellion.

Supported by JFB

v32Job 31:7thematic

Parallels the danger of the heart walking after the eyes to satisfy sensual desires.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v5Romans 9:7-9thematic

Distinguishes the chosen line of Isaac from Abraham's other fleshly descendants.

Supported by JFB

v181 Samuel 15:7thematic

Geographical boundaries from Havilah to Shur, matching Ishmael's dwelling place.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v20Genesis 28:2thematic

Reiterates Padan-aram as the ancestral homeland for Isaac's wife Rebekah.

Supported by John Calvin

v27Hebrews 11:9thematic

Jacob's quiet life "dwelling in tents" is praised as the lifestyle of faith.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v30Genesis 36:1thematic

Directly links Esau's descendents with the name Edom, meaning "Red."

Supported by Matthew Poole

v23Obadiah 1:1-16thematic

The entire prophecy details the historical, deep-seated enmity between Jacob and Esau's descendants.

Supported by John Calvin