Isaiah47
New American Standard
1“Come down and sit in the dust, Virgin daughter of Babylon; Sit on the ground without a throne, Daughter of the Chaldeans! For you will no longer be called tender and delicate.
2Take the millstones and grind flour. Remove your veil, strip off the skirt, Uncover the leg, cross the rivers.
3Your nakedness will be uncovered, Your shame will also be exposed; I will take vengeance and will not spare anyone.”
4Our Redeemer, the Lord of armies is His name, The Holy One of Israel.
5“Sit silently, and go into darkness, Daughter of the Chaldeans; For you will no longer be called The queen of kingdoms.
6I was angry with My people, I profaned My heritage And handed them over to you. You did not show mercy to them, On the aged you made your yoke very heavy.
7Yet you said, ‘I will be a queen forever.’ These things you did not consider Nor remember the outcome of them.
8“Now, then, hear this, you luxuriant one, Who lives securely, Who says in her heart, ‘I am, and there is no one besides me. I will not sit as a widow, Nor know the loss of children.’
9But these two things will come on you suddenly in one day: Loss of children and widowhood. They will come on you in full measure In spite of your many sorceries, In spite of the great power of your spells.
10You felt secure in your wickedness and said, ‘No one sees me,’ Your wisdom and your knowledge, they have led you astray; For you have said in your heart, ‘I am, and there is no one besides me.’
11But evil will come on you Which you will not know how to charm away; And disaster will fall on you For which you cannot atone; And destruction about which you do not know Will come on you suddenly.
12“Persist now in your spells And in your many sorceries With which you have labored from your youth; Perhaps you will be able to benefit, Perhaps you may cause trembling.
13You are wearied with your many counsels; Let now the astrologers, Those who prophesy by the stars, Those who predict by the new moons, Stand up and save you from what will come upon you.
14Behold, they have become like stubble, Fire burns them; They cannot save themselves from the power of the flame; There will be no coal to warm by Nor a fire to sit before!
15So have those become to you with whom you have labored, Those who have done business with you from your youth; Each has wandered in his own way; There is no one to save you.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Isaiah 47.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: God's judgments on Babylon. (1-6). Carelessness and confidence shall not prevent the evil. (7-15).
vv1-6
Babylon is represented under the emblem of a female in deep distress. She was to be degraded and endure sufferings; and is represented sitting on the ground, grinding at the handmill, the lowest and most laborious service. God was righteous in his vengeance, and none should interpose. The prophet exults in the Lord of hosts, as the Redeemer and Holy One of Israel. God often permits wicked men to prevail against his people; but those who cruelly oppress them will be punished.
vv7-15
Let us beware of acting and speaking as Babylon did; of trusting in tyranny and oppression; of boasting as to our abilities, relying on ourselves, and ascribing success to our own prudence and wisdom; lest we partake of her plagues. Those in the height of prosperity, are apt to fancy themselves out of the reach of adversity. It is also common for sinners to think they shall be safe, because they think to be secret in wicked ways. But their security shall be their ruin. Let us draw from such passages as the foregoing, those lessons of humility and trust in God which they convey. If we believe the word of God, we may know how it will be with the righteous and the wicked to all eternity. We may learn how to escape the wrath to come, to glorify God, to have peace through life, hope in death, and everlasting happiness. Let us then stand aloof from all delusions.
Key Words
יָרַד: to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); causatively, to bring down (in all the above applications)
יָשַׁב: properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
עָפָר: dust (as powdered or gray); hence, clay, earth, mud
בְּתוּלָה: a virgin (from her privacy); sometimes (by continuation) a bride; also (figuratively) a city or state
בַּת: a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)
בָּבֶל: Babel (i.e. Babylon), including Babylonia and the Babylonian empire
אֶרֶץ: the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
אַיִן: a non-entity; generally used as a negative particle
כִּסֵּא: properly, covered, i.e. a throne (as canopied)
כַּשְׂדִּי: a Kasdite, or descendant of Kesed; by implication, a Chaldaean (as if so descended); also an astrologer (as if proverbial of that people
Cross References
Isaiah 47Mystic Babylon directly mimics the historical Babylon's boast: 'I sit a queen, and am no widow.'
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Parallels Israel's bold acclamation of her strong Redeemer (Jehovah of hosts) against her Babylonian oppressors.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
God was but a little displeased, but the heathen nations helped forward the affliction without mercy.
Supported by JFB
The exact same arrogant self-deification ('I am, and there is none besides me') applied to Nineveh.
Supported by John Calvin, JFB
Grinding at the millstones is highlighted as the most humiliating labor reserved for slaves.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
God judges the Chaldeans because they rejoiced and were glad while destroying His heritage.
Supported by JFB
Like Babylon, Jerusalem sinned because she 'remembereth not her last end' (latter end).
Supported by John Calvin, JFB
Depicts the wicked man's practical atheism: 'He hath said in his heart, God hath forgotten...'
Supported by JFB
The posture of mourning and extreme degradation is sitting in silence on the ground.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Illustrates the daily ancient task of 'two women grinding at the mill' referenced in Isaiah's judgment.
Supported by JFB
Refers to the ultimate societal contrast from the king to 'the maidservant behind the mill.'
Supported by Matthew Poole
Contrasts Babylon's title 'lady of kingdoms' with her ultimate ruin as 'the glory of kingdoms.'
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Laments that the Chaldeans showed no mercy to the elderly, hanging princes and dishonoring elders.
Supported by JFB
God desires wisdom that considers 'their latter end,' which Babylon foolishly ignored.
Supported by John Calvin
The sudden, single-night fulfillment of Babylon's catastrophic downfall under Belshazzar.
Supported by JFB