Zephaniah2
New American Standard
1Gather yourselves together, yes, join together, You nation without shame,
2Before the decree takes effect— The day passes like chaff— Before the burning anger of the Lord comes upon you, Before the day of the Lord’s anger comes upon you.
3Seek the Lord, All you humble of the earth Who have practiced His ordinances; Seek righteousness, seek humility. Perhaps you will remain hidden On the day of the Lord’s anger.
4For Gaza will be abandoned, And Ashkelon will become a desolation; The inhabitants of Ashdod will be driven out at noon, And Ekron will be uprooted.
5Woe to the inhabitants of the seacoast, The nation of the Cherethites! The word of the Lord is against you, Canaan, land of the Philistines; And I will eliminate you So that there will be no inhabitant.
6So the seacoast will become grazing places, With pastures for shepherds and folds for flocks.
7And the coast will be For the remnant of the house of Judah, They will drive sheep to pasture on it. In the houses of Ashkelon they will lie down at evening; For the Lord their God will care for them And restore their fortunes.
8“I have heard the taunting of Moab And the abusive speech of the sons of Ammon, With which they have taunted My people And boasted against their territory.
9Therefore, as I live,” declares the Lord of armies, The God of Israel, “Moab will assuredly be like Sodom, And the sons of Ammon like Gomorrah— Ground overgrown with weeds and full of salt mines, And a permanent desolation. The remnant of My people will plunder them, And the remainder of My nation will inherit them.”
10This they will have in return for their arrogance, because they have taunted and boasted against the people of the Lord of armies.
11The Lord will be terrifying to them, for He will starve all the gods of the earth; and all the coastlands of the nations will bow down to Him, everyone from his own place.
12“You also, Ethiopians, will be slain by My sword.”
13And He will stretch out His hand against the north And eliminate Assyria, And He will make Nineveh a desolation, Parched like the wilderness.
14Flocks will lie down in her midst, All animals that range in herds; Both the pelican and the hedgehog Will spend their nights in the tops of her pillars; Birds will sing in the window, Devastation will be on the threshold; For He has uncovered the cedar work.
15This is the presumptuous city That dwells securely, Who says in her heart, “I am, and there is no one besides me.” How she has become a desolation, A resting place for animals! Everyone who passes by her will hiss And wave his hand in contempt.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Zephaniah 2.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: An exhortation to repentance. (1–3). Judgments upon other nations. (4–15).
vv1-3
The prophet calls to national repentance, as the only way to prevent national ruin. A nation not desiring, that has not desires toward God, is not desirous of his favour and grace, has no mind to repent and reform. Or, not desirable, not having any thing to recommend them to God; to whom God might justly say, Depart from me; but he says, Gather together to me that you may seek my face. We know what God's decree will bring against impenitent sinners, therefore it highly concerns all to repent in the accepted time. How careful should we all be to seek peace with God, before the Holy Spirit withdraws from us, or ceases to strive with us; before the day of grace is over, or the day of life; before our everlasting state is determined! Let the poor, despised, and afflicted, seek the Lord, and seek to understand and keep his commandments better, that they may be more humbled for their sins. The chief hope of deliverance from national judgments rests upon prayer.
vv4-15
Those are really in a woful condition who have the word of the Lord against them, for no word of his shall fall to the ground. God will restore his people to their rights, though long kept from them. It has been the common lot of God's people, in all ages, to be reproached and reviled. God shall be worshipped, not only by all Israel, and the strangers who join them, but by the heathen. Remote nations must be reckoned with for the wrongs done to God's people. The sufferings of the insolent and haughty in prosperity, are unpitied and unlamented. But all the desolations of flourishing nations will make way for the overturning Satan's kingdom. Let us improve our advantages, and expect the performance of every promise, praying that our Father's name may be hallowed every where, over all the earth.
Key Words
קָשַׁשׁ: to forage for straw, stubble or wood; figuratively, to assemble
גּוֹי: a foreign nation; hence, a Gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts
טֶרֶם: properly, non-occurrence; used adverbially, not yet or before
חֹק: an enactment; hence, an appointment (of time, space, quantity, labor or usage)
יָלַד: to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show lineage
יוֹם: a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated term), (often used adverb)
עָבַר: to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in copulation)
מֹץ: chaff (as pressed out, i.e. winnowed or (rather) threshed loose)
בּוֹא: to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
חָרוֹן: a burning of anger
Cross References
Zephaniah 2Parallel judgment on the same four Philistine cities (Gaza, Ashkelon, Ashdod, Ekron) omitting Gath.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Deuteronomy details the 'salt and burning' of Sodom and Gomorrah, echoed in the doom of Moab.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
Nineveh's proud boast, 'I am, and there is none beside me,' matches Babylon's boast in Isaiah.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The hopeful 'it may be' of escaping God's anger matches Joel's call to repentance.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Jeremiah's doom on the Philistines, naming Gaza, Ashkelon, and the remnant of the valley.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Ezekiel explicitly targets the Cherethites and the sea coast of the Philistines with vengeance.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Detailed parallel of wild beasts, pelicans, and bitterns inhabiting ruined, desolated cities.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
The call to 'gather together' in a solemn national assembly to avert impending wrath.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
God rising to judgment to save all the meek of the earth.
Supported by JFB
The sudden attack at 'noon day' matches military raids when defenders are off guard.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Zechariah's matching sequence of judgment on Ashkelon, Gaza, Ekron, and the remnant of Philistia.
Supported by JFB
Ezekiel's prophecy against Moab and Ammon for their pride and insolence against Israel.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The historical destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah, serving as the archetype for Moab's ruin.
Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin
Gentiles worshipping Yahweh, 'every one from his place,' reflecting global monotheistic worship.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Ezekiel's extensive description of Assyria's greatness falling to utter desolation.
Supported by JFB