Numbers7
New American Standard
1 Now on the day that Moses had finished setting up the tabernacle, he anointed it and consecrated it with all its furnishings, and the altar and all its utensils; he anointed them and consecrated them also.
2 Then the leaders of Israel, the heads of their fathers’ households, made an offering (they were the leaders of the tribes; they were the supervisors over the numbered men).
3 When they brought their offering before the Lord, six covered carts and twelve oxen, a cart for every two of the leaders and an ox for each one, then they presented them in front of the tabernacle.
4 Then the Lord spoke to Moses, saying,
5 “Accept these things from them, that they may be used in the service of the tent of meeting, and you shall give them to the Levites, to each man according to his service.”
6 So Moses took the carts and the oxen and gave them to the Levites.
7 Two carts and four oxen he gave to the sons of Gershon, according to their service,
8 and four carts and eight oxen he gave to the sons of Merari, according to their service, under the direction of Ithamar the son of Aaron the priest.
9 But he did not give any to the sons of Kohath, because theirs was the service of the holy objects, which they carried on the shoulder.
10 And the leaders offered the dedication offering for the altar when it was anointed, so the leaders offered their offering before the altar.
11 Then the Lord said to Moses, “They shall present their offering, one leader each day, for the dedication of the altar.”
12 Now the one who presented his offering on the first day was Nahshon the son of Amminadab, of the tribe of Judah;
13 and his offering was one silver dish whose weight was 130 shekels, and one silver bowl of seventy shekels in sanctuary shekels, both of them full of fine flour mixed with oil as a grain offering;
14 one gold pan of ten shekels, full of incense;
15 one bull, one ram, and one male lamb one year old, as a burnt offering;
16 one male goat as a sin offering;
17 and for the sacrifice of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs one year old. This was the offering of Nahshon the son of Amminadab.
18 On the second day Nethanel the son of Zuar, leader of Issachar, presented an offering;
19 he presented as his offering one silver dish whose weight was 130 shekels, and one silver bowl of seventy shekels in sanctuary shekels, both of them full of fine flour mixed with oil as a grain offering;
20 one gold pan of ten shekels, full of incense;
21 one bull, one ram, and one male lamb one year old, as a burnt offering;
22 one male goat as a sin offering;
23 and for the sacrifice of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs one year old. This was the offering of Nethanel the son of Zuar.
24 On the third day it was Eliab the son of Helon, leader of the sons of Zebulun;
25 his offering was also one silver dish whose weight was 130 shekels, and one silver bowl of seventy shekels in sanctuary shekels, both of them full of fine flour mixed with oil as a grain offering;
26 one gold pan of ten shekels, full of incense;
27 one bull, one ram, and one male lamb one year old, as a burnt offering;
28 one male goat as a sin offering;
29 and for the sacrifice of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs one year old. This was the offering of Eliab the son of Helon.
30 On the fourth day it was Elizur the son of Shedeur, leader of the sons of Reuben;
31 his offering was also one silver dish whose weight was 130 shekels, and one silver bowl of seventy shekels in sanctuary shekels, both of them full of fine flour mixed with oil as a grain offering;
32 one gold pan of ten shekels, full of incense;
33 one bull, one ram, and one male lamb one year old, as a burnt offering;
34 one male goat as a sin offering;
35 and for the sacrifice of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs one year old. This was the offering of Elizur the son of Shedeur.
36 On the fifth day it was Shelumiel the son of Zurishaddai, leader of the sons of Simeon;
37 his offering was also one silver dish whose weight was 130 shekels, and one silver bowl of seventy shekels in sanctuary shekels, both of them full of fine flour mixed with oil as a grain offering;
38 one gold pan of ten shekels, full of incense;
39 one bull, one ram, and one male lamb one year old, as a burnt offering;
40 one male goat as a sin offering;
41 and for the sacrifice of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs one year old. This was the offering of Shelumiel the son of Zurishaddai.
42 On the sixth day it was Eliasaph the son of Deuel, leader of the sons of Gad;
43 his offering was also one silver dish whose weight was 130 shekels, and one silver bowl of seventy shekels in sanctuary shekels, both of them full of fine flour mixed with oil as a grain offering;
44 one gold pan of ten shekels, full of incense;
45 one bull, one ram, and one male lamb one year old, as a burnt offering;
46 one male goat as a sin offering;
47 and for the sacrifice of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs one year old. This was the offering of Eliasaph the son of Deuel.
48 On the seventh day it was Elishama the son of Ammihud, leader of the sons of Ephraim;
49 his offering was also one silver dish whose weight was 130 shekels, and one silver bowl of seventy shekels in sanctuary shekels, both of them full of fine flour mixed with oil as a grain offering;
50 one gold pan of ten shekels, full of incense;
51 one bull, one ram, and one male lamb one year old, as a burnt offering;
52 one male goat as a sin offering;
53 and for the sacrifice of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs one year old. This was the offering of Elishama the son of Ammihud.
54 On the eighth day it was Gamaliel the son of Pedahzur, leader of the sons of Manasseh;
55 his offering was also one silver dish whose weight was 130 shekels, and one silver bowl of seventy shekels in sanctuary shekels, both of them full of fine flour mixed with oil as a grain offering;
56 one gold pan of ten shekels, full of incense;
57 one bull, one ram, and one male lamb one year old, as a burnt offering;
58 one male goat as a sin offering;
59 and for the sacrifice of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs one year old. This was the offering of Gamaliel the son of Pedahzur.
60 On the ninth day it was Abidan the son of Gideoni, leader of the sons of Benjamin;
61 his offering was also one silver dish whose weight was 130 shekels, and one silver bowl of seventy shekels in sanctuary shekels, both of them full of fine flour mixed with oil as a grain offering;
62 one gold pan of ten shekels, full of incense;
63 one bull, one ram, and one male lamb one year old, as a burnt offering;
64 one male goat as a sin offering;
65 and for the sacrifice of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs one year old. This was the offering of Abidan the son of Gideoni.
66 On the tenth day it was Ahiezer the son of Ammishaddai, leader of the sons of Dan;
67 his offering was also one silver dish whose weight was 130 shekels, and one silver bowl of seventy shekels in sanctuary shekels, both of them full of fine flour mixed with oil as a grain offering;
68 one gold pan of ten shekels, full of incense;
69 one bull, one ram, and one male lamb one year old, as a burnt offering;
70 one male goat as a sin offering;
71 and for the sacrifice of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs one year old. This was the offering of Ahiezer the son of Ammishaddai.
72 On the eleventh day it was Pagiel the son of Ochran, leader of the sons of Asher;
73 his offering was also one silver dish whose weight was 130 shekels, and one silver bowl of seventy shekels in sanctuary shekels, both of them full of fine flour mixed with oil as a grain offering;
74 one gold pan of ten shekels, full of incense;
75 one bull, one ram, and one male lamb one year old, as a burnt offering;
76 one male goat as a sin offering;
77 and for the sacrifice of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs one year old. This was the offering of Pagiel the son of Ochran.
78 On the twelfth day it was Ahira the son of Enan, leader of the sons of Naphtali;
79 his offering was also one silver dish whose weight was 130 shekels, and one silver bowl of seventy shekels in sanctuary shekels, both of them full of fine flour mixed with oil as a grain offering;
80 one gold pan of ten shekels, full of incense;
81 one bull, one ram, and one male lamb one year old, as a burnt offering;
82 one male goat as a sin offering;
83 and for the sacrifice of peace offerings, two oxen, five rams, five male goats, and five male lambs one year old. This was the offering of Ahira the son of Enan.
84 This was the dedication offering for the altar from the leaders of Israel when it was anointed: twelve silver dishes, twelve silver bowls, and twelve gold pans,
85 each silver dish weighing 130 shekels and each bowl seventy; all the silver of the utensils totaled 2,400 in sanctuary shekels;
86 the twelve gold pans full of incense, weighing ten shekels apiece in sanctuary shekels, all the gold of the pans totaled 120 shekels.
87 All the oxen for the burnt offering totaled twelve bulls, all the rams, twelve, the male lambs one year old with their grain offering, twelve, and the male goats as a sin offering, twelve;
88 and all the oxen for the sacrifice of peace offerings totaled twenty-four bulls, all the rams, sixty, the male goats, sixty, and the male lambs one year old, sixty. This was the dedication offering for the altar after it was anointed.
89 Now when Moses entered the tent of meeting to speak with Him, he heard the voice speaking to him from above the atoning cover that was on the ark of the testimony, from between the two cherubim; so He spoke to him.
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Numbers 7Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Numbers 7. The full AI study guide (summary, themes, context) has its own page.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The offerings of the princes at the dedication of the tabernacle. (1–9). The offerings of the princes at the dedication of the altar. (10–89).
vv1-9
The offering of the princes to the service of the tabernacle was not made till it was fully set up. Necessary observances must always take place of free-will offerings. The more any are advanced, the greater opportunity they have of serving God and their generation. No sooner was the tabernacle set up, than provision is made for the removal of it. Even when but just settled in the world, we must be preparing for changes and removes, especially for the great change.
vv10-89
The princes and great men were most forward in the service of God. Here is an example to those in authority, and of the highest rank; they ought to use their honour and power, their estate and interest, to promote religion and the service of God in the places where they live. Though it was a time of joy and rejoicing, yet still, in the midst of their sacrifices, we find a sin-offering. As, in our best services, we are conscious that there is sin, there should be repentance, even in our most joyful services. In all approaches to God we must by faith look to Christ as the Sin-offering. They brought their offerings each on a day. God's work should not be done confusedly, or in a hurry; take time, and we shall have done the sooner, or, at least, we shall have done the better. If services are to be done for twelve days together, we must not call it a task and a burden. All their offerings were the same; all the tribes of Israel had an equal share in the altar, and an equal interest in the sacrifices offered upon it. He who now spake to Moses, as the Shechinah or Divine Majesty, from between the Cherubim, was the Eternal Word, the second Person in the Trinity; for all God's communion with man is by his Son, by whom he made the world, and rules the church, who is the same yesterday, to-day, and for ever.
Key Words
יוֹם: a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated term), (often used adverb)
מֹשֶׁה: Mosheh, the Israelite lawgiver
כָּלָה: to end, whether intransitive (to cease, be finished, perish) or transitived (to complete, prepare, consume)
קוּם: to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)
מִשְׁכָּן: a residence (including a shepherd's hut, the lair of animals, figuratively, the grave; also the Temple); specifically, the Tabernacle (properly, its wooden walls)
מָשַׁח: to rub with oil, i.e. to anoint; by implication, to consecrate; also to paint
קָדַשׁ: to be (causatively, make, pronounce or observe as) clean (ceremonially or morally)
כֹּל: properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
כְּלִי: something prepared, i.e. any apparatus (as an implement, utensil, dress, vessel or weapon)
מִזְבֵּחַ: an altar
Cross References
Numbers 7Explains why the sons of Kohath received no wagons: their service required carrying holy things on shoulders.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB
Fulfilled promise of God speaking to Moses from above the mercy seat between the cherubim.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Establishes the chronological date when the tabernacle was fully set up and reared.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Details the historic anointing and sanctification of the tabernacle, altar, and vessels mentioned in verse 1.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Points to the original pattern of the sanctuary vessels (chargers and bowls) described in Exodus 25:29.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Elishama of Ephraim presents his offering in the exact order of Israel's camp arrangement.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Establishes Ahiezer's role as prince of Dan following the specified order of the camp.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Establishes Pagiel's role as prince of Asher matching the structural order of the camp.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Identifies Ahira as prince of Naphtali, aligning his offering day with the camp structure.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Describes the physical structure of the mercy seat and cherubim where God's voice was heard.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Lists the exact same princes who were chosen and numbered to lead their tribes.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Defines the service of the sons of Gershon, justifying the allocation of two wagons.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Defines the heavy service of Merari under Ithamar, justifying their allocation of four wagons.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Illustrates the judgment when David's men used a cart instead of bearing the ark on shoulders.
Supported by Matthew Poole
David corrects his error, acknowledging the Levites must carry the ark on their shoulders as prescribed.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Confirms Eliab's presentation order on the third day corresponds to Zebulun's camp position.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Links Elizur's offering on the fourth day to Reuben's position as leader of the southern camp.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Connects Shelumiel's offering on the fifth day to Simeon's place in the camp configuration.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Identifies Elishama son of Ammihud and Gamaliel son of Pedahzur as the chosen tribal princes.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Ephraim's prince offers before Manasseh's, reflecting Jacob's blessing placing Ephraim before his older brother.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Identifies Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai as the appointed head of Dan in the census.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Identifies Pagiel son of Ocran as the appointed head of Asher in the census.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Identifies Ahira son of Enan as the appointed head of Naphtali in the census.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Poetic portrayal of God dwelling and shining forth from between the cherubim.
Supported by Matthew Henry
New Testament description of the ark, cherubim, and the mercy seat of God's presence.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Judah camps on the east side; Nahshon's precedence in offering reflects Judah's lead position.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Describes the original design and purpose of the sanctuary dishes and bowls (chargers).
Supported by Matthew Poole
Relates the gold spoon of incense to Aaron's daily incense offering on the golden altar.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Relates the prince's offering of a kid of the goats to the prescribed sin offering.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Provides a thematic parallel in the massive volume of peace offerings at Solomon's temple dedication.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Aligns the peace offerings brought by Nethaneel with the levitical laws of peace offerings.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Eliasaph is listed here as son of Deuel (or Reuel), aligning with the camp arrangement.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Gamaliel leads the offering for Manasseh, corresponding to their camp order next to Ephraim.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Abidan of Benjamin offers ninth, completing the three tribes of the camp of Ephraim.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Shows Ahiezer leading the camp of Dan in their subsequent journeys.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Shows Pagiel leading the tribe of Asher in the wilderness march.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB