Numbers8
New American Standard
1Then the Lord spoke to Moses, saying,
2“Speak to Aaron and say to him, ‘When you mount the lamps, the seven lamps will provide light in the front of the lampstand.’”
3Therefore Aaron did so; he mounted its lamps at the front of the lampstand, just as the Lord had commanded Moses.
4Now this was the workmanship of the lampstand, hammered work of gold; from its base to its flower ornamentation it was hammered work; according to the pattern which the Lord had shown Moses, so he made the lampstand.
5Again the Lord spoke to Moses, saying,
6“Take the Levites from among the sons of Israel and cleanse them.
7This is what you shall do to them, for their cleansing: sprinkle purifying water on them, and have them use a razor over their whole body, and they shall wash their clothes and cleanse themselves.
8Then have them take a bull with its grain offering, fine flour mixed with oil; and you shall take a second bull as a sin offering.
9So you shall present the Levites in front of the tent of meeting. You shall also assemble the whole congregation of the sons of Israel,
10and present the Levites before the Lord; and the sons of Israel shall lay their hands on the Levites.
11Aaron then shall present the Levites before the Lord as a wave offering from the sons of Israel, so that they may qualify to perform the service of the Lord.
12Now the Levites shall lay their hands on the heads of the bulls; then you are to offer the one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering to the Lord, to make atonement for the Levites.
13And you shall have the Levites stand before Aaron and his sons so as to present them as a wave offering to the Lord.
14“So you shall single out the Levites from among the sons of Israel, and the Levites shall be Mine.
15Then after that the Levites may go in to serve the tent of meeting. But you shall cleanse them and present them as a wave offering;
16for they are exclusively given to Me from among the sons of Israel. I have taken them for Myself instead of the firstborn of every womb, the firstborn of all the sons of Israel.
17For every firstborn among the sons of Israel is Mine, among the people and among the animals; on the day that I fatally struck all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, I sanctified them for Myself.
18But I have taken the Levites instead of every firstborn among the sons of Israel.
19And I have given the Levites as a gift to Aaron and to his sons from among the sons of Israel, to perform the service of the sons of Israel at the tent of meeting and to make atonement on behalf of the sons of Israel, so that there will be no affliction among the sons of Israel due to their approaching the sanctuary.”
20So this is what Moses, Aaron, and all the congregation of the sons of Israel did to the Levites; according to everything that the Lord had commanded Moses regarding the Levites, so the sons of Israel did to them.
21The Levites, too, purified themselves from sin and washed their clothes; and Aaron presented them as a wave offering before the Lord. Aaron also made atonement for them to cleanse them.
22Then after that the Levites went in to perform their service in the tent of meeting before Aaron and his sons; just as the Lord had commanded Moses concerning the Levites, so they did to them.
23Now the Lord spoke to Moses, saying,
24“This is what applies to the Levites: from twenty-five years old and upward they shall enter to perform service in the work of the tent of meeting.
25But at the age of fifty years they shall retire from service in the work and not work anymore.
26They may, however, assist their brothers in the tent of meeting, to fulfill an obligation, but they themselves shall do no work. In this way you shall deal with the Levites in their obligations.”
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Numbers 8.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The lamps of the sanctuary. (1–4). Consecration of the Levites, and their service. (5–26).
vv1-4
Aaron himself lighted the lamps, thus representing his Divine Master. The Scripture is a light shining in a dark place, 2Pe 1:19. A dark place even the church would be without it; as the tabernacle, which had no window, would have been without the lamps. The work of ministers is to light these lamps, by expounding and applying the word of God. Jesus Christ is the only Light of our dark, sinful world; and by his atonement, by his word and the Holy Spirit, he diffuses light around.
vv5-26
Here we have directions for the solemn ordination of the Levites. All Israel must know that they took not this honour to themselves, but were called of God to it; nor was it enough that they were distinguished from others. All who are employed for God, must be dedicated to him, according to the employment. Christians must be baptized, ministers must be ordained; we must first give ourselves unto the Lord, and then our services. The Levites must be cleansed. They must be clean that bear the vessels of the Lord. Moses must sprinkle the water of purifying upon them. This signifies the application of the blood of Christ to our souls by faith, that we may be fit to serve the living God. God declares his acceptance of them. All who expect to share in the privileges of the tabernacle, must resolve to do the service of the tabernacle. As, on the one hand, none of God's creatures are his necessary servants, he needs not the service of any of them; so none are merely honorary servants, to do nothing. All whom God owns, he employs; angels themselves have their services.
Key Words
דָבַר: perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
מֹשֶׁה: Mosheh, the Israelite lawgiver
אָמַר: to say (used with great latitude)
אַהֲרוֹן: Aharon, the brother of Moses
עָלָה: to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
נִיר: a lamp (i.e. the burner) or light (literally or figuratively)
שֶׁבַע: seven (as the sacred full one); also (adverbially) seven times; by implication, a week; by extension, an indefinite number
אוֹר: to be (causative, make) luminous (literally and metaphorically)
מְנוֹרָה: a chandelier
עָשָׂה: to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
Cross References
Numbers 8The original command and design specifications for constructing the golden candlestick.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The water of purifying refers to water mixed with the ashes of the red heifer.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The original dedication of the firstborn whom the Levites replace in God's service.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
The scriptures and holy ministry function as a light shining in a dark place.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
The seven lamps represent the complete, divine light of the Holy Spirit.
Supported by JFB
God's charge to make the candlestick exactly according to the pattern shown on the mount.
Supported by John Calvin, JFB
Ritual washing of garments required before approaching God's holy presence.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Laying on of hands signifies dedication and the transfer of representation or guilt.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The presentation of the Levites physically mirrored the wave-offering ritual.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Levites assisting priests in slaughtering sacrifices due to their dedication and purity.
Supported by JFB
The official role of the Levites as a gift to Aaron to perform sanctuary service.
Supported by JFB
Compares the age limits of service, contrasting thirty years old with twenty-five.
Supported by JFB
The spiritual demand of separation and holiness for those carrying sacred vessels.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The plague that strikes the congregation when holy boundaries are violated.
Supported by JFB
David's later registration of Levites from twenty years old and upward.
Supported by JFB