Numbers8
New International Version
1The Lord said to Moses,
2“Speak to Aaron and say to him, ‘When you set up the lamps, see that all seven light up the area in front of the lampstand.’”
3Aaron did so; he set up the lamps so that they faced forward on the lampstand, just as the Lord commanded Moses.
4This is how the lampstand was made: It was made of hammered gold—from its base to its blossoms. The lampstand was made exactly like the pattern the Lord had shown Moses.
5The Lord said to Moses:
6“Take the Levites from among all the Israelites and make them ceremonially clean.
7To purify them, do this: Sprinkle the water of cleansing on them; then have them shave their whole bodies and wash their clothes. And so they will purify themselves.
8Have them take a young bull with its grain offering of the finest flour mixed with olive oil; then you are to take a second young bull for a sin offering.
9Bring the Levites to the front of the tent of meeting and assemble the whole Israelite community.
10You are to bring the Levites before the Lord, and the Israelites are to lay their hands on them.
11Aaron is to present the Levites before the Lord as a wave offering from the Israelites, so that they may be ready to do the work of the Lord.
12“Then the Levites are to lay their hands on the heads of the bulls, using one for a sin offering to the Lord and the other for a burnt offering, to make atonement for the Levites.
13Have the Levites stand in front of Aaron and his sons and then present them as a wave offering to the Lord.
14In this way you are to set the Levites apart from the other Israelites, and the Levites will be mine.
15“After you have purified the Levites and presented them as a wave offering, they are to come to do their work at the tent of meeting.
16They are the Israelites who are to be given wholly to me. I have taken them as my own in place of the firstborn, the first male offspring from every Israelite woman.
17Every firstborn male in Israel, whether human or animal, is mine. When I struck down all the firstborn in Egypt, I set them apart for myself.
18And I have taken the Levites in place of all the firstborn sons in Israel.
19From among all the Israelites, I have given the Levites as gifts to Aaron and his sons to do the work at the tent of meeting on behalf of the Israelites and to make atonement for them so that no plague will strike the Israelites when they go near the sanctuary.”
20Moses, Aaron and the whole Israelite community did with the Levites just as the Lord commanded Moses.
21The Levites purified themselves and washed their clothes. Then Aaron presented them as a wave offering before the Lord and made atonement for them to purify them.
22After that, the Levites came to do their work at the tent of meeting under the supervision of Aaron and his sons. They did with the Levites just as the Lord commanded Moses.
23The Lord said to Moses,
24“This applies to the Levites: Men twenty-five years old or more shall come to take part in the work at the tent of meeting,
25but at the age of fifty, they must retire from their regular service and work no longer.
26They may assist their brothers in performing their duties at the tent of meeting, but they themselves must not do the work. This, then, is how you are to assign the responsibilities of the Levites.”
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Numbers 8.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The lamps of the sanctuary. (1–4). Consecration of the Levites, and their service. (5–26).
vv1-4
Aaron himself lighted the lamps, thus representing his Divine Master. The Scripture is a light shining in a dark place, 2Pe 1:19. A dark place even the church would be without it; as the tabernacle, which had no window, would have been without the lamps. The work of ministers is to light these lamps, by expounding and applying the word of God. Jesus Christ is the only Light of our dark, sinful world; and by his atonement, by his word and the Holy Spirit, he diffuses light around.
vv5-26
Here we have directions for the solemn ordination of the Levites. All Israel must know that they took not this honour to themselves, but were called of God to it; nor was it enough that they were distinguished from others. All who are employed for God, must be dedicated to him, according to the employment. Christians must be baptized, ministers must be ordained; we must first give ourselves unto the Lord, and then our services. The Levites must be cleansed. They must be clean that bear the vessels of the Lord. Moses must sprinkle the water of purifying upon them. This signifies the application of the blood of Christ to our souls by faith, that we may be fit to serve the living God. God declares his acceptance of them. All who expect to share in the privileges of the tabernacle, must resolve to do the service of the tabernacle. As, on the one hand, none of God's creatures are his necessary servants, he needs not the service of any of them; so none are merely honorary servants, to do nothing. All whom God owns, he employs; angels themselves have their services.
Key Words
דָבַר: perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
מֹשֶׁה: Mosheh, the Israelite lawgiver
אָמַר: to say (used with great latitude)
אַהֲרוֹן: Aharon, the brother of Moses
עָלָה: to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
נִיר: a lamp (i.e. the burner) or light (literally or figuratively)
שֶׁבַע: seven (as the sacred full one); also (adverbially) seven times; by implication, a week; by extension, an indefinite number
אוֹר: to be (causative, make) luminous (literally and metaphorically)
מְנוֹרָה: a chandelier
עָשָׂה: to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
Cross References
Numbers 8The original command and design specifications for constructing the golden candlestick.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The water of purifying refers to water mixed with the ashes of the red heifer.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The original dedication of the firstborn whom the Levites replace in God's service.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
The scriptures and holy ministry function as a light shining in a dark place.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
The seven lamps represent the complete, divine light of the Holy Spirit.
Supported by JFB
God's charge to make the candlestick exactly according to the pattern shown on the mount.
Supported by John Calvin, JFB
Ritual washing of garments required before approaching God's holy presence.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Laying on of hands signifies dedication and the transfer of representation or guilt.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The presentation of the Levites physically mirrored the wave-offering ritual.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Levites assisting priests in slaughtering sacrifices due to their dedication and purity.
Supported by JFB
The official role of the Levites as a gift to Aaron to perform sanctuary service.
Supported by JFB
Compares the age limits of service, contrasting thirty years old with twenty-five.
Supported by JFB
The spiritual demand of separation and holiness for those carrying sacred vessels.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The plague that strikes the congregation when holy boundaries are violated.
Supported by JFB
David's later registration of Levites from twenty years old and upward.
Supported by JFB