Numbers8
World English Bible · Public Domain
1Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying,
2“Speak to Aaron, and tell him, ‘When you light the lamps, the seven lamps shall give light in front of the lamp stand.’”
3Aaron did so. He lit its lamps to light the area in front of the lamp stand, as Yahweh commanded Moses.
4This was the workmanship of the lamp stand, beaten work of gold. From its base to its flowers, it was beaten work. He made the lamp stand according to the pattern which Yahweh had shown Moses.
5Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying,
6“Take the Levites from among the children of Israel, and cleanse them.
7You shall do this to them to cleanse them: sprinkle the water of cleansing on them, let them shave their whole bodies with a razor, let them wash their clothes, and cleanse themselves.
8Then let them take a young bull and its meal offering, fine flour mixed with oil; and another young bull you shall take for a sin offering.
9You shall present the Levites before the Tent of Meeting. You shall assemble the whole congregation of the children of Israel.
10You shall present the Levites before Yahweh. The children of Israel shall lay their hands on the Levites,
11and Aaron shall offer the Levites before Yahweh for a wave offering on the behalf of the children of Israel, that it may be theirs to do the service of Yahweh.
12“The Levites shall lay their hands on the heads of the bulls, and you shall offer the one for a sin offering and the other for a burnt offering to Yahweh, to make atonement for the Levites.
13You shall set the Levites before Aaron and before his sons, and offer them as a wave offering to Yahweh.
14Thus you shall separate the Levites from among the children of Israel, and the Levites shall be mine.
15“After that, the Levites shall go in to do the service of the Tent of Meeting. You shall cleanse them, and offer them as a wave offering.
16For they are wholly given to me from among the children of Israel; instead of all who open the womb, even the firstborn of all the children of Israel, I have taken them to me.
17For all the firstborn among the children of Israel are mine, both man and animal. On the day that I struck all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, I sanctified them for myself.
18I have taken the Levites instead of all the firstborn among the children of Israel.
19I have given the Levites as a gift to Aaron and to his sons from among the children of Israel, to do the service of the children of Israel in the Tent of Meeting, and to make atonement for the children of Israel, so that there will be no plague among the children of Israel when the children of Israel come near to the sanctuary.”
20Moses, and Aaron, and all the congregation of the children of Israel did so to the Levites. According to all that Yahweh commanded Moses concerning the Levites, so the children of Israel did to them.
21The Levites purified themselves from sin, and they washed their clothes; and Aaron offered them for a wave offering before Yahweh and Aaron made atonement for them to cleanse them.
22After that, the Levites went in to do their service in the Tent of Meeting before Aaron and before his sons: as Yahweh had commanded Moses concerning the Levites, so they did to them.
23Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying,
24“This is what is assigned to the Levites: from twenty-five years old and upward they shall go in to wait on the service in the work of the Tent of Meeting;
25and from the age of fifty years they shall retire from doing the work, and shall serve no more,
26but shall assist their brothers in the Tent of Meeting, to perform the duty, and shall perform no service. This is how you shall have the Levites do their duties.”
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Numbers 8.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The lamps of the sanctuary. (1–4). Consecration of the Levites, and their service. (5–26).
vv1-4
Aaron himself lighted the lamps, thus representing his Divine Master. The Scripture is a light shining in a dark place, 2Pe 1:19. A dark place even the church would be without it; as the tabernacle, which had no window, would have been without the lamps. The work of ministers is to light these lamps, by expounding and applying the word of God. Jesus Christ is the only Light of our dark, sinful world; and by his atonement, by his word and the Holy Spirit, he diffuses light around.
vv5-26
Here we have directions for the solemn ordination of the Levites. All Israel must know that they took not this honour to themselves, but were called of God to it; nor was it enough that they were distinguished from others. All who are employed for God, must be dedicated to him, according to the employment. Christians must be baptized, ministers must be ordained; we must first give ourselves unto the Lord, and then our services. The Levites must be cleansed. They must be clean that bear the vessels of the Lord. Moses must sprinkle the water of purifying upon them. This signifies the application of the blood of Christ to our souls by faith, that we may be fit to serve the living God. God declares his acceptance of them. All who expect to share in the privileges of the tabernacle, must resolve to do the service of the tabernacle. As, on the one hand, none of God's creatures are his necessary servants, he needs not the service of any of them; so none are merely honorary servants, to do nothing. All whom God owns, he employs; angels themselves have their services.
Key Words
דָבַר: perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
מֹשֶׁה: Mosheh, the Israelite lawgiver
אָמַר: to say (used with great latitude)
אַהֲרוֹן: Aharon, the brother of Moses
עָלָה: to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
נִיר: a lamp (i.e. the burner) or light (literally or figuratively)
שֶׁבַע: seven (as the sacred full one); also (adverbially) seven times; by implication, a week; by extension, an indefinite number
אוֹר: to be (causative, make) luminous (literally and metaphorically)
מְנוֹרָה: a chandelier
עָשָׂה: to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
Cross References
Numbers 8The original command and design specifications for constructing the golden candlestick.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The water of purifying refers to water mixed with the ashes of the red heifer.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The original dedication of the firstborn whom the Levites replace in God's service.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
The scriptures and holy ministry function as a light shining in a dark place.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
The seven lamps represent the complete, divine light of the Holy Spirit.
Supported by JFB
God's charge to make the candlestick exactly according to the pattern shown on the mount.
Supported by John Calvin, JFB
Ritual washing of garments required before approaching God's holy presence.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Laying on of hands signifies dedication and the transfer of representation or guilt.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The presentation of the Levites physically mirrored the wave-offering ritual.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Levites assisting priests in slaughtering sacrifices due to their dedication and purity.
Supported by JFB
The official role of the Levites as a gift to Aaron to perform sanctuary service.
Supported by JFB
Compares the age limits of service, contrasting thirty years old with twenty-five.
Supported by JFB
The spiritual demand of separation and holiness for those carrying sacred vessels.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The plague that strikes the congregation when holy boundaries are violated.
Supported by JFB
David's later registration of Levites from twenty years old and upward.
Supported by JFB