Ruth3
New American Standard
1Then her mother-in-law Naomi said to her, “My daughter, shall I not seek security for you, that it may go well for you?
2Now then, is Boaz not our relative, with whose young women you were? Behold, he is winnowing barley at the threshing floor tonight.
3Wash yourself therefore, and anoint yourself, and put on your best clothes, and go down to the threshing floor; but do not reveal yourself to the man until he has finished eating and drinking.
4And it shall be when he lies down, that you shall take notice of the place where he lies, and you shall go and uncover his feet and lie down; then he will tell you what you should do.”
5And she said to her, “All that you say I will do.”
6So she went down to the threshing floor and did according to all that her mother-in-law had commanded her.
7When Boaz had eaten and drunk and his heart was cheerful, he went to lie down at the end of the heap of grain; and she came secretly, and uncovered his feet and lay down.
8And it happened in the middle of the night that the man was startled and bent forward; and behold, a woman was lying at his feet.
9So he said, “Who are you?” And she answered, “I am Ruth your slave. Now spread your garment over your slave, for you are a redeemer.”
10Then he said, “May you be blessed of the Lord, my daughter. You have shown your last kindness to be better than the first, by not going after young men, whether poor or rich.
11So now, my daughter, do not fear. I will do for you whatever you say, for all my people in the city know that you are a woman of excellence.
12But now, although it is true that I am a redeemer, yet there is also a redeemer more closely related than I.
13Remain this night, and when morning comes, if he will redeem you, good; let him redeem you. But if he does not wish to redeem you, then I will redeem you, as the Lord lives. Lie down until morning.”
14So she lay at his feet until morning, and got up before one person could recognize another; and he said, “Do not let it be known that the woman came to the threshing floor.”
15Again he said, “Give me the shawl that is on you and hold it.” So she held it, and he measured six measures of barley and laid it on her. Then she went into the city.
16When she came to her mother-in-law, she said, “How did it go, my daughter?” And she told her all that the man had done for her.
17She also said, “These six measures of barley he gave to me, for he said, ‘Do not go to your mother-in-law empty-handed.’”
18Then she said, “Wait, my daughter, until you know how the matter turns out; for the man will not rest until he has settled it today.”
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Ruth 3.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The directions given to Ruth by Naomi. (1–5). Boaz acknowledges the duty of a kinsman. (6–13). Ruth's return to her mother-in-law. (14–18).
vv1-5
The married state should be a rest, as much as any thing upon earth can be so, as it ought to fix the affections and form a connexion for life. Therefore it should be engaged in with great seriousness, with earnest prayers for direction, for the blessing of God, and with regard to his precepts. Parents should carefully advise their children in this important concern, that it may be well with them as to their souls. Be it always remembered, That is best for us which is best for our souls. The course Naomi advised appears strange to us; but it was according to the laws and usages of Israel. If the proposed measure had borne the appearance of evil, Naomi would not have advised it. Law and custom gave Ruth, who was now proselyted to the true religion, a legal claim upon Boaz. It was customary for widows to assert this claim, De 25:5–10. But this is not recorded for imitation in other times, and is not to be judged by modern rules. And if there had been any evil in it, Ruth was a woman of too much virtue and too much sense to have listened to it.
vv6-13
What in one age or nation would be improper, is not always so in another age or another nation. Being a judge of Israel, Boaz would tell Ruth what she should do; also whether he had the right of redemption, and what methods must be taken, and what rites used, in order to accomplishing her marriage with him or another person. The conduct of Boaz calls for the highest praise. He attempted not to take advantage of Ruth; he did not disdain her as a poor, destitute stranger, nor suspect her of any ill intentions. He spoke honourably of her as a virtuous woman, made her a promise, and as soon as the morning arrived, sent her away with a present to her mother-in-law. Boaz made his promise conditional, for there was a kinsman nearer than he, to whom the right of redemption belonged.
vv14-18
Ruth had done all that was fit for her to do, she must patiently wait the event. Boaz, having undertaken this matter, would be sure to manage it well. Much more reason have true believers to cast their care on God, because he has promised to care for them. Our strength is to sit still, Isa 30:7. This narrative may encourage us to lay ourselves by faith at the feet of Christ: He is our near Kinsman; having taken our nature upon him. He has the right to redeem. Let us seek to receive from him his directions: Lord, what wilt thou have me to do? Ac 9:6. He will never blame us as doing this unseasonably. And let us earnestly desire and seek the same rest for our children and friends, that it may be well with them also.
Key Words
נׇעֳמִי: Noomi, an Israelitess
חֲמוֹת: a mother-in-law
אָמַר: to say (used with great latitude)
בַּת: a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)
לֹא: not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
בָּקַשׁ: to search out (by any method, specifically in worship or prayer); by implication, to strive after
מָנוֹחַ: quiet, i.e. (concretely) a settled spot, or (figuratively) a home
אֲשֶׁר: who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.
יָטַב: to be (causative) make well, literally (sound, beautiful) or figuratively (happy, successful, right)
בֹּעַז: Boaz, the ancestor of David; also the name of a pillar in front of the temple
Cross References
Ruth 3Establishes the legal background of the levirate obligation that Ruth is asking Boaz to perform.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Parallels spreading the skirt/garment over a woman as a symbolic action of covenant protection and marriage.
Supported by JFB
Parallels Naomi's advice to 'sit still' and wait quietly for the outcome of the kinsman's work.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Boaz explicitly praises Ruth as a 'virtuous woman,' matching the classic description of Proverbs.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
The fundamental pentateuchal law regarding the redemption of property and family lines by a near kinsman.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Illustrates the custom of washing, anointing oneself, and changing garments to end mourning or prepare.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Proverbs parallel describing a 'virtuous woman' as a crown to her husband.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallels Boaz's caution to avoid the very appearance of evil regarding their nighttime meeting.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole