Ruth3
World English Bible · Public Domain
1Naomi her mother-in-law said to her, “My daughter, shall I not seek rest for you, that it may be well with you?
2Now isn’t Boaz our kinsman, with whose maidens you were? Behold, he will be winnowing barley tonight on the threshing floor.
3Therefore wash yourself, anoint yourself, get dressed, and go down to the threshing floor; but don’t make yourself known to the man until he has finished eating and drinking.
4It shall be, when he lies down, that you shall note the place where he is lying. Then you shall go in, uncover his feet, and lie down. Then he will tell you what to do.”
5She said to her, “All that you say, I will do.”
6She went down to the threshing floor, and did everything that her mother-in-law told her.
7When Boaz had eaten and drunk, and his heart was merry, he went to lie down at the end of the heap of grain. She came softly, uncovered his feet, and lay down.
8At midnight, the man was startled and turned himself; and behold, a woman lay at his feet.
9He said, “Who are you?” She answered, “I am Ruth your servant. Therefore spread the corner of your garment over your servant; for you are a near kinsman.”
10He said, “You are blessed by Yahweh, my daughter. You have shown more kindness in the latter end than at the beginning, because you didn’t follow young men, whether poor or rich.
11Now, my daughter, don’t be afraid. I will do to you all that you say; for all the city of my people knows that you are a worthy woman.
12Now it is true that I am a near kinsman. However, there is a kinsman nearer than I.
13Stay this night, and in the morning, if he will perform for you the part of a kinsman, good. Let him do the kinsman’s duty. But if he will not do the duty of a kinsman for you, then I will do the duty of a kinsman for you, as Yahweh lives. Lie down until the morning.”
14She lay at his feet until the morning, then she rose up before one could discern another. For he said, “Let it not be known that the woman came to the threshing floor.”
15He said, “Bring the mantle that is on you, and hold it.” She held it; and he measured six measures of barley, and laid it on her; then he went into the city.
16When she came to her mother-in-law, she said, “How did it go, my daughter?” She told her all that the man had done for her.
17She said, “He gave me these six measures of barley; for he said, ‘Don’t go empty to your mother-in-law.’”
18Then she said, “Wait, my daughter, until you know what will happen; for the man will not rest until he has settled this today.”
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Ruth 3.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The directions given to Ruth by Naomi. (1–5). Boaz acknowledges the duty of a kinsman. (6–13). Ruth's return to her mother-in-law. (14–18).
vv1-5
The married state should be a rest, as much as any thing upon earth can be so, as it ought to fix the affections and form a connexion for life. Therefore it should be engaged in with great seriousness, with earnest prayers for direction, for the blessing of God, and with regard to his precepts. Parents should carefully advise their children in this important concern, that it may be well with them as to their souls. Be it always remembered, That is best for us which is best for our souls. The course Naomi advised appears strange to us; but it was according to the laws and usages of Israel. If the proposed measure had borne the appearance of evil, Naomi would not have advised it. Law and custom gave Ruth, who was now proselyted to the true religion, a legal claim upon Boaz. It was customary for widows to assert this claim, De 25:5–10. But this is not recorded for imitation in other times, and is not to be judged by modern rules. And if there had been any evil in it, Ruth was a woman of too much virtue and too much sense to have listened to it.
vv6-13
What in one age or nation would be improper, is not always so in another age or another nation. Being a judge of Israel, Boaz would tell Ruth what she should do; also whether he had the right of redemption, and what methods must be taken, and what rites used, in order to accomplishing her marriage with him or another person. The conduct of Boaz calls for the highest praise. He attempted not to take advantage of Ruth; he did not disdain her as a poor, destitute stranger, nor suspect her of any ill intentions. He spoke honourably of her as a virtuous woman, made her a promise, and as soon as the morning arrived, sent her away with a present to her mother-in-law. Boaz made his promise conditional, for there was a kinsman nearer than he, to whom the right of redemption belonged.
vv14-18
Ruth had done all that was fit for her to do, she must patiently wait the event. Boaz, having undertaken this matter, would be sure to manage it well. Much more reason have true believers to cast their care on God, because he has promised to care for them. Our strength is to sit still, Isa 30:7. This narrative may encourage us to lay ourselves by faith at the feet of Christ: He is our near Kinsman; having taken our nature upon him. He has the right to redeem. Let us seek to receive from him his directions: Lord, what wilt thou have me to do? Ac 9:6. He will never blame us as doing this unseasonably. And let us earnestly desire and seek the same rest for our children and friends, that it may be well with them also.
Key Words
נׇעֳמִי: Noomi, an Israelitess
חֲמוֹת: a mother-in-law
אָמַר: to say (used with great latitude)
בַּת: a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)
לֹא: not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
בָּקַשׁ: to search out (by any method, specifically in worship or prayer); by implication, to strive after
מָנוֹחַ: quiet, i.e. (concretely) a settled spot, or (figuratively) a home
אֲשֶׁר: who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.
יָטַב: to be (causative) make well, literally (sound, beautiful) or figuratively (happy, successful, right)
בֹּעַז: Boaz, the ancestor of David; also the name of a pillar in front of the temple
Cross References
Ruth 3Establishes the legal background of the levirate obligation that Ruth is asking Boaz to perform.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Parallels spreading the skirt/garment over a woman as a symbolic action of covenant protection and marriage.
Supported by JFB
Parallels Naomi's advice to 'sit still' and wait quietly for the outcome of the kinsman's work.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Boaz explicitly praises Ruth as a 'virtuous woman,' matching the classic description of Proverbs.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
The fundamental pentateuchal law regarding the redemption of property and family lines by a near kinsman.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Illustrates the custom of washing, anointing oneself, and changing garments to end mourning or prepare.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Proverbs parallel describing a 'virtuous woman' as a crown to her husband.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallels Boaz's caution to avoid the very appearance of evil regarding their nighttime meeting.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole