2 Kings11
New International Version
1When Athaliah the mother of Ahaziah saw that her son was dead, she proceeded to destroy the whole royal family.
2But Jehosheba, the daughter of King Jehoram and sister of Ahaziah, took Joash son of Ahaziah and stole him away from among the royal princes, who were about to be murdered. She put him and his nurse in a bedroom to hide him from Athaliah; so he was not killed.
3He remained hidden with his nurse at the temple of the Lord for six years while Athaliah ruled the land.
4In the seventh year Jehoiada sent for the commanders of units of a hundred, the Carites and the guards and had them brought to him at the temple of the Lord. He made a covenant with them and put them under oath at the temple of the Lord. Then he showed them the king’s son.
5He commanded them, saying, “This is what you are to do: You who are in the three companies that are going on duty on the Sabbath—a third of you guarding the royal palace,
6a third at the Sur Gate, and a third at the gate behind the guard, who take turns guarding the temple—
7and you who are in the other two companies that normally go off Sabbath duty are all to guard the temple for the king.
8Station yourselves around the king, each of you with weapon in hand. Anyone who approaches your ranks is to be put to death. Stay close to the king wherever he goes.”
9The commanders of units of a hundred did just as Jehoiada the priest ordered. Each one took his men—those who were going on duty on the Sabbath and those who were going off duty—and came to Jehoiada the priest.
10Then he gave the commanders the spears and shields that had belonged to King David and that were in the temple of the Lord.
11The guards, each with weapon in hand, stationed themselves around the king—near the altar and the temple, from the south side to the north side of the temple.
12Jehoiada brought out the king’s son and put the crown on him; he presented him with a copy of the covenant and proclaimed him king. They anointed him, and the people clapped their hands and shouted, “Long live the king!”
13When Athaliah heard the noise made by the guards and the people, she went to the people at the temple of the Lord.
14She looked and there was the king, standing by the pillar, as the custom was. The officers and the trumpeters were beside the king, and all the people of the land were rejoicing and blowing trumpets. Then Athaliah tore her robes and called out, “Treason! Treason!”
15Jehoiada the priest ordered the commanders of units of a hundred, who were in charge of the troops: “Bring her out between the ranks and put to the sword anyone who follows her.” For the priest had said, “She must not be put to death in the temple of the Lord.”
16So they seized her as she reached the place where the horses enter the palace grounds, and there she was put to death.
17Jehoiada then made a covenant between the Lord and the king and people that they would be the Lord’s people. He also made a covenant between the king and the people.
18All the people of the land went to the temple of Baal and tore it down. They smashed the altars and idols to pieces and killed Mattan the priest of Baal in front of the altars. Then Jehoiada the priest posted guards at the temple of the Lord.
19He took with him the commanders of hundreds, the Carites, the guards and all the people of the land, and together they brought the king down from the temple of the Lord and went into the palace, entering by way of the gate of the guards. The king then took his place on the royal throne.
20All the people of the land rejoiced, and the city was calm, because Athaliah had been slain with the sword at the palace.
21Joash was seven years old when he began to reign.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 2 Kings 11.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Athaliah usurps the government of Judah, Jehoash made king. (1–12). Athaliah put to death. (13–16). The worship of the Lord restored. (17–21).
vv1-12
Athaliah destroyed all she knew to be akin to the crown. Jehoash, one of the king's sons, was hid. Now was the promise made to David bound up in one life only, and yet it did not fail. Thus to the Son of David, the Lord, according to his promise, will secure a spiritual seed, hidden sometimes, and unseen, but hidden in God's pavilion, and unhurt. Six years Athaliah tyrannized. Then the king was brought forward. A child indeed, but he had a good guardian, and, what was better, a good God to go to With such joy and satisfaction must the kingdom of Christ be welcomed into our hearts, when his throne is set up there, and Satan the usurper is cast out. Say, Let the King, even Jesus, live, for ever live and reign in my soul, and in all the world.
vv13-16
Athaliah hastened her own destruction. She herself was the greatest traitor, and yet was first and loudest in crying, Treason, treason! The most guilty are commonly the most forward to reproach others.
vv17-21
King and people would cleave most firmly to each other, when both had joined themselves to the Lord. It is well with a people, when all the changes that pass over them help to revive, strengthen, and advance the interests of religion among them. Covenants are of use, both to remind us of, and bind us to, the duties already binding on us. They immediately abolished idolatry; and, pursuant to the covenant with one another, they expressed mutual readiness to help each other. The people rejoiced, and Jerusalem was quiet. The way for people to be joyful and at peace, is to engage fully in the service of God; for the voice of joy and thanksgiving is in the dwellings of the righteous, but there is no peace for the wicked.
Key Words
עֲתַלְיָה: Athaljah, the name of an Israelitess and two Israelites
אֵם: a mother (as the bond of the family); in a wide sense (both literally and figuratively (like father))
אֲחַזְיָה: Achazjah, the name of a Jewish and an Israelite king
רָאָה: to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
כִּי: (by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
בֵּן: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
מוּת: to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill
קוּם: to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)
אָבַד: properly, to wander away, i.e. lose oneself; by implication to perish (causative, destroy)
כֹּל: properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
Cross References
2 Kings 11Parallel account naming Jehoshabeath, sister of Ahaziah and wife of Jehoiada the priest.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Direct parallel text recording Athaliah's destruction of the seed royal.
Supported by JFB
Parallel account of the young king being hidden in the house of God.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Detailed parallel account of Jehoiada's covenant with the captains and rulers.
Supported by JFB
Fulfillment of God's promise to preserve a lamp for David's line.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Law requiring the king to receive and keep a copy of the testimony.
Supported by JFB
Precedent for covenant-making between the king and the people before the Lord.
Supported by JFB
Continuation of Jehu's zeal against the house and images of Baal.
Supported by JFB
Precedent of dedicated weapons (like Goliath's sword) kept in God's house.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Law forbidding a murderer or usurper sanctuary at God's altar.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallel account of Athaliah's execution at the horse gate.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallel recording the quiet of the city and rejoicing after Athaliah's death.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Precedent for anointing and proclaiming a king with trumpets and rejoicing.
Supported by JFB
Refers to the king's special platform or pillar in the temple court.
Supported by JFB
Parallel details of the destruction of Baal's temple and death of Mattan.
Supported by JFB