Psalms104
New International Version
1 Praise the Lord, my soul. Lord my God, you are very great; you are clothed with splendor and majesty.
2 The Lord wraps himself in light as with a garment; he stretches out the heavens like a tent
3 and lays the beams of his upper chambers on their waters. He makes the clouds his chariot and rides on the wings of the wind.
4 He makes winds his messengers, flames of fire his servants.
5 He set the earth on its foundations; it can never be moved.
6 You covered it with the watery depths as with a garment; the waters stood above the mountains.
7 But at your rebuke the waters fled, at the sound of your thunder they took to flight;
8 they flowed over the mountains, they went down into the valleys, to the place you assigned for them.
9 You set a boundary they cannot cross; never again will they cover the earth.
10 He makes springs pour water into the ravines; it flows between the mountains.
11 They give water to all the beasts of the field; the wild donkeys quench their thirst.
12 The birds of the sky nest by the waters; they sing among the branches.
13 He waters the mountains from his upper chambers; the land is satisfied by the fruit of his work.
14 He makes grass grow for the cattle, and plants for people to cultivate— bringing forth food from the earth:
15 wine that gladdens human hearts, oil to make their faces shine, and bread that sustains their hearts.
16 The trees of the Lord are well watered, the cedars of Lebanon that he planted.
17 There the birds make their nests; the stork has its home in the junipers.
18 The high mountains belong to the wild goats; the crags are a refuge for the hyrax.
19 He made the moon to mark the seasons, and the sun knows when to go down.
20 You bring darkness, it becomes night, and all the beasts of the forest prowl.
21 The lions roar for their prey and seek their food from God.
22 The sun rises, and they steal away; they return and lie down in their dens.
23 Then people go out to their work, to their labor until evening.
24 How many are your works, Lord! In wisdom you made them all; the earth is full of your creatures.
25 There is the sea, vast and spacious, teeming with creatures beyond number— living things both large and small.
26 There the ships go to and fro, and Leviathan, which you formed to frolic there.
27 All creatures look to you to give them their food at the proper time.
28 When you give it to them, they gather it up; when you open your hand, they are satisfied with good things.
29 When you hide your face, they are terrified; when you take away their breath, they die and return to the dust.
30 When you send your Spirit, they are created, and you renew the face of the ground.
31 May the glory of the Lord endure forever; may the Lord rejoice in his works—
32 he who looks at the earth, and it trembles, who touches the mountains, and they smoke.
33 I will sing to the Lord all my life; I will sing praise to my God as long as I live.
34 May my meditation be pleasing to him, as I rejoice in the Lord.
35 But may sinners vanish from the earth and the wicked be no more. Praise the Lord, my soul. Praise the Lord.
Study
Psalms 104Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Psalms 104. The full AI study guide (summary, themes, context) has its own page.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: God's majesty in the heavens, The creation of the sea, and the dry land. (1–9). His provision for all creatures. (10–18). The regular course of day and night, and God's sovereign power over all the creatures. (19–30). A resolution to continue praising God. (31–35).
vv1-9
Every object we behold calls on us to bless and praise the Lord, who is great. His eternal power and Godhead are clearly shown by the things which he hath made. God is light, and in him is no darkness at all. The Lord Jesus, the Son of his love, is the Light of the world.
vv10-18
When we reflect upon the provision made for all creatures, we should also notice the natural worship they render to God. Yet man, forgetful ungrateful man, enjoys the largest measure of his Creator's kindness. the earth, varying in different lands. Nor let us forget spiritual blessings; the fruitfulness of the church through grace, the bread of everlasting life, the cup of salvation, and the oil of gladness. Does God provide for the inferior creatures, and will he not be a refuge to his people?
vv19-30
We are to praise and magnify God for the constant succession of day and night. And see how those are like to the wild beasts, who wait for the twilight, and have fellowship with the unfruitful works of darkness. Does God listen to the language of mere nature, even in ravenous creatures, and shall he not much more interpret favourably the language of grace in his own people, though weak and broken groanings which cannot be uttered? There is the work of every day, which is to be done in its day, which man must apply to every morning, and which he must continue in till evening; it will be time enough to rest when the night comes, in which no man can work. The psalmist wonders at the works of God. The works of art, the more closely they are looked upon, the more rough they appear; the works of nature appear more fine and exact. They are all made in wisdom, for they all answer the end they were designed to serve. Every spring is an emblem of the resurrection, when a new world rises, as it were, out of the ruins of the old one. But man alone lives beyond death. When the Lord takes away his breath, his soul enters on another state, and his body will be raised, either to glory or to misery. May the Lord send forth his Spirit, and new-create our souls to holiness.
Key Words
בָרַךְ: to kneel; by implication to bless God (as an act of adoration), and (vice-versa) man (as a benefit); also (by euphemism) to curse (God or the king, as treason)
נֶפֶשׁ: properly, a breathing creature, i.e. animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or mental)
אֱלֹהִים: gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference to magistrates; and sometimes as a superlative
מְאֹד: properly, vehemence, i.e. (with or without preposition) vehemently; by implication, wholly, speedily, etc. (often with other words as an intensive or superlative; especially when repeated)
גָּדַל: to be (causatively make) large (in various senses, as in body, mind, estate or honor, also in pride)
לָבַשׁ: properly, wrap around, i.e. (by implication) to put on agarment or clothe (oneself, or another), literally or figuratively
הוֹד: grandeur (i.e. an imposing form and appearance)
הָדָר: magnificence, i.e. ornament or splendor
עָטָה: to wrap, i.e. cover, veil, cloth, or roll
אוֹר: illumination or (concrete) luminary (in every sense, including lightning, happiness, etc.)
Cross References
Psalms 104Directly quoted in the NT to contrast the subordinate nature of angels with the Son.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB
Echoes God being clothed in unapproachable, glorious light as His royal garment.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB
Parallel imagery of God riding upon a cherub and walking/flying on wings of the wind.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Poetic counterpart describing the laying of the earth's foundations and measures.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
Refers to the earth standing out of and in the water in creation.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Describes God setting a decree/boundary for the waters that they should not pass.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
Parallel celebration of all eyes waiting on God to receive meat in due season.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The creation of light on Day One, which God wraps Himself in as a garment.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Describes God building His stories in the heaven and calling for waters of the sea.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Further NT theological development of angels acting as ministering spirits.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
The primary biblical exposition of the great sea creature Leviathan.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Creation context where the deep and waters initially covered the unformed earth.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallel phrasing of God preparing rain and making grass to grow upon the mountains.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Echoes the exact poetic sentiment of wine cheering or making glad the heart of man.
Supported by JFB
The NT culmination of praise using 'Hallelujah' (Praise ye the Lord) over judged wicked.
Supported by JFB