Genesis 29NKJV
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Genesis29

New King James Version

1So Jacob went on his journey and came to the land of the people of the East.

2And he looked, and saw a well in the field; and behold, there were three flocks of sheep lying by it; for out of that well they watered the flocks. A large stone was on the well’s mouth.

3Now all the flocks would be gathered there; and they would roll the stone from the well’s mouth, water the sheep, and put the stone back in its place on the well’s mouth.

4And Jacob said to them, “My brethren, where are you from?” And they said, “We are from Haran.”

5Then he said to them, “Do you know Laban the son of Nahor?” And they said, “We know him.”

6So he said to them, “Is he well?” And they said, “He is well. And look, his daughter Rachel is coming with the sheep.”

7Then he said, “Look, it is still high day; it is not time for the cattle to be gathered together. Water the sheep, and go and feed them.”

8But they said, “We cannot until all the flocks are gathered together, and they have rolled the stone from the well’s mouth; then we water the sheep.”

9Now while he was still speaking with them, Rachel came with her father’s sheep, for she was a shepherdess.

10And it came to pass, when Jacob saw Rachel the daughter of Laban his mother’s brother, and the sheep of Laban his mother’s brother, that Jacob went near and rolled the stone from the well’s mouth, and watered the flock of Laban his mother’s brother.

11Then Jacob kissed Rachel, and lifted up his voice and wept.

12And Jacob told Rachel that he was her father’s relative and that he was Rebekah’s son. So she ran and told her father.

13Then it came to pass, when Laban heard the report about Jacob his sister’s son, that he ran to meet him, and embraced him and kissed him, and brought him to his house. So he told Laban all these things.

14And Laban said to him, “Surely you are my bone and my flesh.” And he stayed with him for a month.

15Then Laban said to Jacob, “Because you are my relative, should you therefore serve me for nothing? Tell me, what should your wages be?”

16Now Laban had two daughters: the name of the elder was Leah, and the name of the younger was Rachel.

17Leah’s eyes were delicate, but Rachel was beautiful of form and appearance.

18Now Jacob loved Rachel; so he said, “I will serve you seven years for Rachel your younger daughter.”

19And Laban said, “It is better that I give her to you than that I should give her to another man. Stay with me.”

20So Jacob served seven years for Rachel, and they seemed only a few days to him because of the love he had for her.

21Then Jacob said to Laban, “Give me my wife, for my days are fulfilled, that I may go in to her.”

22And Laban gathered together all the men of the place and made a feast.

23Now it came to pass in the evening, that he took Leah his daughter and brought her to Jacob; and he went in to her.

24And Laban gave his maid Zilpah to his daughter Leah as a maid.

25So it came to pass in the morning, that behold, it was Leah. And he said to Laban, “What is this you have done to me? Was it not for Rachel that I served you? Why then have you deceived me?”

26And Laban said, “It must not be done so in our country, to give the younger before the firstborn.

27Fulfill her week, and we will give you this one also for the service which you will serve with me still another seven years.”

28Then Jacob did so and fulfilled her week. So he gave him his daughter Rachel as wife also.

29And Laban gave his maid Bilhah to his daughter Rachel as a maid.

30Then Jacob also went in to Rachel, and he also loved Rachel more than Leah. And he served with Laban still another seven years.

31When the Lord saw that Leah was unloved, He opened her womb; but Rachel was barren.

32So Leah conceived and bore a son, and she called his name Reuben; for she said, “The Lord has surely looked on my affliction. Now therefore, my husband will love me.”

33Then she conceived again and bore a son, and said, “Because the Lord has heard that I am unloved, He has therefore given me this son also.” And she called his name Simeon.

34She conceived again and bore a son, and said, “Now this time my husband will become attached to me, because I have borne him three sons.” Therefore his name was called Levi.

35And she conceived again and bore a son, and said, “Now I will praise the Lord.” Therefore she called his name Judah. Then she stopped bearing.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Genesis 29.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Jacob comes to the well of Haran. (1–8). His interview with Rachel, Laban entertains him. (9–14). Jacob's covenant for Rachel, Laban's deceit. (15–30). Leah's sons. (31–35).

vv1-8

Jacob proceeded cheerfully in his journey, after the sweet communion he had with God at Beth-el. Providence brought him to the field where his uncle's flocks were to be watered. What is said of the care of the shepherds for their sheep, may remind us of the tender concern which our Lord Jesus, the great Shepherd of the sheep, has for his flock the church; for he is the good Shepherd, that knows his sheep, and is known of them. The stone at the well's mouth was to secure it; water was scarce, it was not there for every one's use: but separate interests should not take us from helping one another. When all the shepherds came together with their flocks, then, like loving neighbours, they watered their flocks together. The law of kindness in the tongue has a commanding power, Pr 31:26. Jacob was civil to these strangers, and he found them civil to him.

vv9-14

See Rachel's humility and industry. Nobody needs to be ashamed of honest, useful labour, nor ought it to hinder any one's preferment. When Jacob understood that this was his kinswoman, he was very ready to serve her. Laban, though not the best humoured, bade him welcome, and was satisfied with the account Jacob gave of himself. While we avoid being foolishly ready to believe every thing which is told us, we must take heed of being uncharitably suspicious.

vv15-30

During the month that Jacob spent as a guest, he was not idle. Wherever we are, it is good to employ ourselves in some useful business. Laban was desirous that Jacob should continue with him. Inferior relations must not be imposed upon; it is our duty to reward them. Jacob made known to Laban the affection he had for his daughter Rachel. And having no wordly goods with which to endow her, he promises seven years' service Love makes long and hard services short and easy; hence we read of the labour of love, Heb 6:10. If we know how to value the happiness of heaven, the sufferings of this present time will be as nothing to us. An age of work will be but as a few days to those that love God, and long for Christ's appearing. Jacob, who had imposed upon his father, is imposed upon by Laban, his father-in-law, by a like deception. Herein, how unrighteous soever Laban was, the Lord was righteous: see Jud 1:7. Even the righteous, if they take a false step, are sometimes thus recompensed in the earth. And many who are not, like Jacob, in their marriage, disappointed in person, soon find themselves, as much to their grief, disappointed in the character. The choice of that relation ought to be made with good advice and thought on both sides. There is reason to believe that Laban's excuse was not true. His way of settling the matter made bad worse. Jacob was drawn into the disquiet of multiplying wives. He could not refuse Rachel, for he had espoused her; still less could he refuse Leah. As yet there was no express command against marrying more than one wife. It was in the patriarchs a sin of ignorance; but it will not justify the like practice now, when God's will is plainly made known by the Divine law, Le 18:18, and more fully since, by our Saviour, that one man and woman only must be joined together, 1Co 7:2.

Cross References

Genesis 29
v18Hosea 12:12thematic

The explicit prophetic summary of Jacob fleeing to Syria, serving for a wife, and keeping sheep.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v6Exodus 2:16thematic

Clear parallel of a future deliverer meeting his bride (Zipporah) at a well where she watered sheep.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v14Genesis 2:23thematic

The primordial formula of kinship and covenant identity ('bone of my bones, flesh of my flesh').

Supported by Matthew Poole

v25Judges 1:7thematic

Jacob, who deceived Isaac, is himself deceived by Laban; a direct measure-for-measure recompense.

Supported by Matthew Henry

The Mosaic law regarding a man having two wives, one beloved and another hated (Leah).

Supported by Matthew Poole

v2Genesis 24:11thematic

The parallel setting where Abraham's servant met Rebekah at a well outside Haran.

Supported by JFB

v18Genesis 34:12thematic

Illustrates the Ancient Near Eastern custom of paying a bride price (mohar) or service for a wife.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v18Exodus 22:17thematic

The mosaic law regarding the dowry of virgins, validating Jacob's labor as a bride-price.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v27Judges 14:12thematic

Illustrates the ancient custom of the bridal week (fulfilling her week) spent in celebration.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v27Leviticus 18:18contrast

Later Mosaic law specifically forbids marrying a woman and her sister simultaneously.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v34Numbers 18:2-4thematic

The name Levi (meaning 'joined') is linked to the tribe's priestly joining to God's service.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v35Genesis 49:8-12thematic

Jacob's blessing on Judah, whose name means 'praise' and from whom the Messiah came.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v4Genesis 27:43thematic

Connects Jacob's arrival in Haran back to Rebekah's command to flee from Esau's wrath.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v11Genesis 33:4thematic

Parallels Jacob's emotional weeping and kissing upon meeting close kin after long separation.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v14Judges 9:2thematic

A later biblical usage of the idiom 'your bone and your flesh' to appeal to tribal kinship.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v21Genesis 31:41thematic

Jacob references his fourteen years of total service for Laban's two daughters.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v25Genesis 27:35thematic

Verbal link where Jacob accused Laban of beguiling him, echoing Isaac's charge against Jacob.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v31Malachi 1:3thematic

The Hebrew idiom of 'hated' used comparatively for loving one less, as with Leah.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v1Job 1:3thematic

Identifies the region of Mesopotamia/Haran as 'the land of the people of the East'.

Supported by JFB

v1Judges 6:3thematic

Further biblical usage designating the nomadic peoples of Mesopotamia as 'children of the East'.

Supported by JFB

v9Genesis 24:15thematic

Rebekah coming out to water her flock, mirroring Rachel's sudden arrival at the well.

Supported by JFB

v18Genesis 31:41thematic

Jacob later recounts the exact terms of his fourteen years of grueling service for Laban's daughters.

Supported by JFB

v321 Samuel 1:11thematic

Hannah's prayer echoes Leah's words, asking God to look on her affliction.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v35Matthew 1:2fulfillment

Genealogy of Jesus Christ, who descended from Judah (praise) according to the flesh.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v8Genesis 43:32thematic

Illustrates the idiom 'we cannot' as expressing local customs, laws, or strict social boundaries.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v23Genesis 24:65thematic

Explains the bridal veil custom that allowed Laban to substitute Leah for Rachel.

Supported by JFB

v24Genesis 16:1thematic

The custom of giving a maidservant to a daughter upon her marriage.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v31Psalms 127:3thematic

Affirms that children and the opening of the womb are a heritage from the Lord.

Supported by Matthew Henry