Genesis 29NIV
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Genesis29

New International Version

1Then Jacob continued on his journey and came to the land of the eastern peoples.

2There he saw a well in the open country, with three flocks of sheep lying near it because the flocks were watered from that well. The stone over the mouth of the well was large.

3When all the flocks were gathered there, the shepherds would roll the stone away from the well’s mouth and water the sheep. Then they would return the stone to its place over the mouth of the well.

4Jacob asked the shepherds, “My brothers, where are you from?” “We’re from Harran,” they replied.

5He said to them, “Do you know Laban, Nahor’s grandson?” “Yes, we know him,” they answered.

6Then Jacob asked them, “Is he well?” “Yes, he is,” they said, “and here comes his daughter Rachel with the sheep.”

7“Look,” he said, “the sun is still high; it is not time for the flocks to be gathered. Water the sheep and take them back to pasture.”

8“We can’t,” they replied, “until all the flocks are gathered and the stone has been rolled away from the mouth of the well. Then we will water the sheep.”

9While he was still talking with them, Rachel came with her father’s sheep, for she was a shepherd.

10When Jacob saw Rachel daughter of his uncle Laban, and Laban’s sheep, he went over and rolled the stone away from the mouth of the well and watered his uncle’s sheep.

11Then Jacob kissed Rachel and began to weep aloud.

12He had told Rachel that he was a relative of her father and a son of Rebekah. So she ran and told her father.

13As soon as Laban heard the news about Jacob, his sister’s son, he hurried to meet him. He embraced him and kissed him and brought him to his home, and there Jacob told him all these things.

14Then Laban said to him, “You are my own flesh and blood.” After Jacob had stayed with him for a whole month,

15Laban said to him, “Just because you are a relative of mine, should you work for me for nothing? Tell me what your wages should be.”

16Now Laban had two daughters; the name of the older was Leah, and the name of the younger was Rachel.

17Leah had weak eyes, but Rachel had a lovely figure and was beautiful.

18Jacob was in love with Rachel and said, “I’ll work for you seven years in return for your younger daughter Rachel.”

19Laban said, “It’s better that I give her to you than to some other man. Stay here with me.”

20So Jacob served seven years to get Rachel, but they seemed like only a few days to him because of his love for her.

21Then Jacob said to Laban, “Give me my wife. My time is completed, and I want to make love to her.”

22So Laban brought together all the people of the place and gave a feast.

23But when evening came, he took his daughter Leah and brought her to Jacob, and Jacob made love to her.

24And Laban gave his servant Zilpah to his daughter as her attendant.

25When morning came, there was Leah! So Jacob said to Laban, “What is this you have done to me? I served you for Rachel, didn’t I? Why have you deceived me?”

26Laban replied, “It is not our custom here to give the younger daughter in marriage before the older one.

27Finish this daughter’s bridal week; then we will give you the younger one also, in return for another seven years of work.”

28And Jacob did so. He finished the week with Leah, and then Laban gave him his daughter Rachel to be his wife.

29Laban gave his servant Bilhah to his daughter Rachel as her attendant.

30Jacob made love to Rachel also, and his love for Rachel was greater than his love for Leah. And he worked for Laban another seven years.

31When the Lord saw that Leah was not loved, he enabled her to conceive, but Rachel remained childless.

32Leah became pregnant and gave birth to a son. She named him Reuben, for she said, “It is because the Lord has seen my misery. Surely my husband will love me now.”

33She conceived again, and when she gave birth to a son she said, “Because the Lord heard that I am not loved, he gave me this one too.” So she named him Simeon.

34Again she conceived, and when she gave birth to a son she said, “Now at last my husband will become attached to me, because I have borne him three sons.” So he was named Levi.

35She conceived again, and when she gave birth to a son she said, “This time I will praise the Lord.” So she named him Judah. Then she stopped having children.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Genesis 29.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Jacob comes to the well of Haran. (1–8). His interview with Rachel, Laban entertains him. (9–14). Jacob's covenant for Rachel, Laban's deceit. (15–30). Leah's sons. (31–35).

vv1-8

Jacob proceeded cheerfully in his journey, after the sweet communion he had with God at Beth-el. Providence brought him to the field where his uncle's flocks were to be watered. What is said of the care of the shepherds for their sheep, may remind us of the tender concern which our Lord Jesus, the great Shepherd of the sheep, has for his flock the church; for he is the good Shepherd, that knows his sheep, and is known of them. The stone at the well's mouth was to secure it; water was scarce, it was not there for every one's use: but separate interests should not take us from helping one another. When all the shepherds came together with their flocks, then, like loving neighbours, they watered their flocks together. The law of kindness in the tongue has a commanding power, Pr 31:26. Jacob was civil to these strangers, and he found them civil to him.

vv9-14

See Rachel's humility and industry. Nobody needs to be ashamed of honest, useful labour, nor ought it to hinder any one's preferment. When Jacob understood that this was his kinswoman, he was very ready to serve her. Laban, though not the best humoured, bade him welcome, and was satisfied with the account Jacob gave of himself. While we avoid being foolishly ready to believe every thing which is told us, we must take heed of being uncharitably suspicious.

vv15-30

During the month that Jacob spent as a guest, he was not idle. Wherever we are, it is good to employ ourselves in some useful business. Laban was desirous that Jacob should continue with him. Inferior relations must not be imposed upon; it is our duty to reward them. Jacob made known to Laban the affection he had for his daughter Rachel. And having no wordly goods with which to endow her, he promises seven years' service Love makes long and hard services short and easy; hence we read of the labour of love, Heb 6:10. If we know how to value the happiness of heaven, the sufferings of this present time will be as nothing to us. An age of work will be but as a few days to those that love God, and long for Christ's appearing. Jacob, who had imposed upon his father, is imposed upon by Laban, his father-in-law, by a like deception. Herein, how unrighteous soever Laban was, the Lord was righteous: see Jud 1:7. Even the righteous, if they take a false step, are sometimes thus recompensed in the earth. And many who are not, like Jacob, in their marriage, disappointed in person, soon find themselves, as much to their grief, disappointed in the character. The choice of that relation ought to be made with good advice and thought on both sides. There is reason to believe that Laban's excuse was not true. His way of settling the matter made bad worse. Jacob was drawn into the disquiet of multiplying wives. He could not refuse Rachel, for he had espoused her; still less could he refuse Leah. As yet there was no express command against marrying more than one wife. It was in the patriarchs a sin of ignorance; but it will not justify the like practice now, when God's will is plainly made known by the Divine law, Le 18:18, and more fully since, by our Saviour, that one man and woman only must be joined together, 1Co 7:2.

Cross References

Genesis 29
v18Hosea 12:12thematic

The explicit prophetic summary of Jacob fleeing to Syria, serving for a wife, and keeping sheep.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v6Exodus 2:16thematic

Clear parallel of a future deliverer meeting his bride (Zipporah) at a well where she watered sheep.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v14Genesis 2:23thematic

The primordial formula of kinship and covenant identity ('bone of my bones, flesh of my flesh').

Supported by Matthew Poole

v25Judges 1:7thematic

Jacob, who deceived Isaac, is himself deceived by Laban; a direct measure-for-measure recompense.

Supported by Matthew Henry

The Mosaic law regarding a man having two wives, one beloved and another hated (Leah).

Supported by Matthew Poole

v2Genesis 24:11thematic

The parallel setting where Abraham's servant met Rebekah at a well outside Haran.

Supported by JFB

v18Genesis 34:12thematic

Illustrates the Ancient Near Eastern custom of paying a bride price (mohar) or service for a wife.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v18Exodus 22:17thematic

The mosaic law regarding the dowry of virgins, validating Jacob's labor as a bride-price.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v27Judges 14:12thematic

Illustrates the ancient custom of the bridal week (fulfilling her week) spent in celebration.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v27Leviticus 18:18contrast

Later Mosaic law specifically forbids marrying a woman and her sister simultaneously.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v34Numbers 18:2-4thematic

The name Levi (meaning 'joined') is linked to the tribe's priestly joining to God's service.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v35Genesis 49:8-12thematic

Jacob's blessing on Judah, whose name means 'praise' and from whom the Messiah came.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v4Genesis 27:43thematic

Connects Jacob's arrival in Haran back to Rebekah's command to flee from Esau's wrath.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v11Genesis 33:4thematic

Parallels Jacob's emotional weeping and kissing upon meeting close kin after long separation.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v14Judges 9:2thematic

A later biblical usage of the idiom 'your bone and your flesh' to appeal to tribal kinship.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v21Genesis 31:41thematic

Jacob references his fourteen years of total service for Laban's two daughters.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v25Genesis 27:35thematic

Verbal link where Jacob accused Laban of beguiling him, echoing Isaac's charge against Jacob.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v31Malachi 1:3thematic

The Hebrew idiom of 'hated' used comparatively for loving one less, as with Leah.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v1Job 1:3thematic

Identifies the region of Mesopotamia/Haran as 'the land of the people of the East'.

Supported by JFB

v1Judges 6:3thematic

Further biblical usage designating the nomadic peoples of Mesopotamia as 'children of the East'.

Supported by JFB

v9Genesis 24:15thematic

Rebekah coming out to water her flock, mirroring Rachel's sudden arrival at the well.

Supported by JFB

v18Genesis 31:41thematic

Jacob later recounts the exact terms of his fourteen years of grueling service for Laban's daughters.

Supported by JFB

v321 Samuel 1:11thematic

Hannah's prayer echoes Leah's words, asking God to look on her affliction.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v35Matthew 1:2fulfillment

Genealogy of Jesus Christ, who descended from Judah (praise) according to the flesh.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v8Genesis 43:32thematic

Illustrates the idiom 'we cannot' as expressing local customs, laws, or strict social boundaries.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v23Genesis 24:65thematic

Explains the bridal veil custom that allowed Laban to substitute Leah for Rachel.

Supported by JFB

v24Genesis 16:1thematic

The custom of giving a maidservant to a daughter upon her marriage.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v31Psalms 127:3thematic

Affirms that children and the opening of the womb are a heritage from the Lord.

Supported by Matthew Henry