2 Chronicles34
New Living Translation
1Josiah was eight years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem thirty-one years.
2He did what was pleasing in the Lord’s sight and followed the example of his ancestor David. He did not turn away from doing what was right.
3During the eighth year of his reign, while he was still young, Josiah began to seek the God of his ancestor David. Then in the twelfth year he began to purify Judah and Jerusalem, destroying all the pagan shrines, the Asherah poles, and the carved idols and cast images.
4He ordered that the altars of Baal be demolished and that the incense altars which stood above them be broken down. He also made sure that the Asherah poles, the carved idols, and the cast images were smashed and scattered over the graves of those who had sacrificed to them.
5He burned the bones of the pagan priests on their own altars, and so he purified Judah and Jerusalem.
6He did the same thing in the towns of Manasseh, Ephraim, and Simeon, even as far as Naphtali, and in the regions all around them.
7He destroyed the pagan altars and the Asherah poles, and he crushed the idols into dust. He cut down all the incense altars throughout the land of Israel. Finally, he returned to Jerusalem.
8In the eighteenth year of his reign, after he had purified the land and the Temple, Josiah appointed Shaphan son of Azaliah, Maaseiah the governor of Jerusalem, and Joah son of Joahaz, the royal historian, to repair the Temple of the Lord his God.
9They gave Hilkiah the high priest the money that had been collected by the Levites who served as gatekeepers at the Temple of God. The gifts were brought by people from Manasseh, Ephraim, and from all the remnant of Israel, as well as from all Judah, Benjamin, and the people of Jerusalem.
10He entrusted the money to the men assigned to supervise the restoration of the Lord’s Temple. Then they paid the workers who did the repairs and renovation of the Temple.
11They hired carpenters and builders, who purchased finished stone for the walls and timber for the rafters and beams. They restored what earlier kings of Judah had allowed to fall into ruin.
12The workers served faithfully under the leadership of Jahath and Obadiah, Levites of the Merarite clan, and Zechariah and Meshullam, Levites of the Kohathite clan. Other Levites, all of whom were skilled musicians,
13were put in charge of the laborers of the various trades. Still others assisted as secretaries, officials, and gatekeepers.
14While they were bringing out the money collected at the Lord’s Temple, Hilkiah the priest found the Book of the Law of the Lord that was written by Moses.
15Hilkiah said to Shaphan the court secretary, “I have found the Book of the Law in the Lord’s Temple!” Then Hilkiah gave the scroll to Shaphan.
16Shaphan took the scroll to the king and reported, “Your officials are doing everything they were assigned to do.
17The money that was collected at the Temple of the Lord has been turned over to the supervisors and workmen.”
18Shaphan also told the king, “Hilkiah the priest has given me a scroll.” So Shaphan read it to the king.
19When the king heard what was written in the Law, he tore his clothes in despair.
20Then he gave these orders to Hilkiah, Ahikam son of Shaphan, Acbor son of Micaiah, Shaphan the court secretary, and Asaiah the king’s personal adviser:
21“Go to the Temple and speak to the Lord for me and for all the remnant of Israel and Judah. Inquire about the words written in the scroll that has been found. For the Lord’s great anger has been poured out on us because our ancestors have not obeyed the word of the Lord. We have not been doing everything this scroll says we must do.”
22So Hilkiah and the other men went to the New Quarter of Jerusalem to consult with the prophet Huldah. She was the wife of Shallum son of Tikvah, son of Harhas, the keeper of the Temple wardrobe.
23She said to them, “The Lord, the God of Israel, has spoken! Go back and tell the man who sent you,
24‘This is what the Lord says: I am going to bring disaster on this city and its people. All the curses written in the scroll that was read to the king of Judah will come true.
25For my people have abandoned me and offered sacrifices to pagan gods, and I am very angry with them for everything they have done. My anger will be poured out on this place, and it will not be quenched.’
26“But go to the king of Judah who sent you to seek the Lord and tell him: ‘This is what the Lord, the God of Israel, says concerning the message you have just heard:
27You were sorry and humbled yourself before God when you heard his words against this city and its people. You humbled yourself and tore your clothing in despair and wept before me in repentance. And I have indeed heard you, says the Lord.
28So I will not send the promised disaster until after you have died and been buried in peace. You yourself will not see the disaster I am going to bring on this city and its people.’” So they took her message back to the king.
29Then the king summoned all the elders of Judah and Jerusalem.
30And the king went up to the Temple of the Lord with all the people of Judah and Jerusalem, along with the priests and the Levites—all the people from the greatest to the least. There the king read to them the entire Book of the Covenant that had been found in the Lord’s Temple.
31The king took his place of authority beside the pillar and renewed the covenant in the Lord’s presence. He pledged to obey the Lord by keeping all his commands, laws, and decrees with all his heart and soul. He promised to obey all the terms of the covenant that were written in the scroll.
32And he required everyone in Jerusalem and the people of Benjamin to make a similar pledge. The people of Jerusalem did so, renewing their covenant with God, the God of their ancestors.
33So Josiah removed all detestable idols from the entire land of Israel and required everyone to worship the Lord their God. And throughout the rest of his lifetime, they did not turn away from the Lord, the God of their ancestors.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 2 Chronicles 34.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Josiah's good reign in Judah. (1-33).
vv1-33
As the years of infancy cannot be useful to our fellow-creatures, our earliest youth should be dedicated to God, that we may not waste any of the remaining short space of life. Happy and wise are those who seek the Lord and prepare for usefulness at an early age, when others are pursuing sinful pleasures, contracting bad habits, and forming ruinous connexions. Who can express the anguish prevented by early piety, and its blessed effects? Diligent self-examination and watchfulness will convince us of the deceitfulness and wickedness of our own hearts, and the sinfulness of our lives. We are here encouraged to humble ourselves before God, and to seek unto him, as Josiah did. And believers are here taught, not to fear death, but to welcome it, when it takes them away from the evil to come. Nothing hastens the ruin of a people, nor ripens them for it, more than their disregard of the attempts made for their reformation. Be not deceived, God is not mocked. The current and tide of affections only turns at the command of Him who raises up those that are dead in trespasses and sins. We behold peculiar loveliness, in the grace the Lord bestows on those, who in tender years seek to know and to love the Saviour. Hath Jesus, the Day-spring from on high, visited you? Can you trace your knowledge of this light and life of man, like Josiah, from your youth? Oh the unspeakable happiness of becoming acquainted with Jesus from our earliest years!
Key Words
יֹאשִׁיָּה: Joshijah, the name of two Israelites
שְׁמֹנֶה: a cardinal number, eight (as if a surplus above the 'perfect' seven); also (as ordinal) eighth
שָׁנֶה: a year (as a revolution of time)
בֵּן: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
מָלַךְ: to reign; inceptively, to ascend the throne; causatively, to induct into royalty; hence (by implication) to take counsel
יְרוּשָׁלַ͏ִם: Jerushalaim or Jerushalem, the capital city of Palestine
עָשָׂה: to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
יָשָׁר: straight (literally or figuratively)
עַיִן: an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)
יָלַךְ: to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses)
Cross References
2 Chronicles 34The direct parallel account of Josiah's reign, the reform, and finding the Book of the Law.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Fulfills the three-hundred-year-old prophecy that a son of David named Josiah would burn priests' bones on the altar.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Details Josiah's destruction of the altar at Bethel and execution of idolatrous priests in Samaritan territory.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallel account of Hilkiah finding the book of the law and sending it to the king.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallel description of Josiah's tender heart, self-humiliation, and weeping before the Lord.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Moses commanded the Levites to place the Book of the Law beside the Ark of the Covenant.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
The parallel divine promise that Josiah would be gathered to his grave in peace before the disaster.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallel passage where Josiah gathers the elders and renews the national covenant in Jerusalem.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Jeremiah began his prophetic ministry in the thirteenth year of Josiah's reign, supporting his reforms.
Supported by JFB
The law requiring the king to write and read a personal copy of the Book of the Law.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Thematic illustration of the righteous being taken away from the evil to come.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Earlier precedent of Judah entering into a solemn covenant to seek the Lord with all their heart.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Moses' command to walk in God's ways without turning to the right hand or the left.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Levitical curse of casting the carcasses of Israelites upon the carcasses of their broken idols.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Precedent of Judah's king exercising spiritual influence and outreach over the remnant in the northern tribes.
Supported by JFB