2 Chronicles34
New King James Version
1Josiah was eight years old when he became king, and he reigned thirty-one years in Jerusalem.
2And he did what was right in the sight of the Lord, and walked in the ways of his father David; he did not turn aside to the right hand or to the left.
3For in the eighth year of his reign, while he was still young, he began to seek the God of his father David; and in the twelfth year he began to purge Judah and Jerusalem of the high places, the wooden images, the carved images, and the molded images.
4They broke down the altars of the Baals in his presence, and the incense altars which were above them he cut down; and the wooden images, the carved images, and the molded images he broke in pieces, and made dust of them and scattered it on the graves of those who had sacrificed to them.
5He also burned the bones of the priests on their altars, and cleansed Judah and Jerusalem.
6And so he did in the cities of Manasseh, Ephraim, and Simeon, as far as Naphtali and all around, with axes.
7When he had broken down the altars and the wooden images, had beaten the carved images into powder, and cut down all the incense altars throughout all the land of Israel, he returned to Jerusalem.
8In the eighteenth year of his reign, when he had purged the land and the temple, he sent Shaphan the son of Azaliah, Maaseiah the governor of the city, and Joah the son of Joahaz the recorder, to repair the house of the Lord his God.
9When they came to Hilkiah the high priest, they delivered the money that was brought into the house of God, which the Levites who kept the doors had gathered from the hand of Manasseh and Ephraim, from all the remnant of Israel, from all Judah and Benjamin, and which they had brought back to Jerusalem.
10Then they put it in the hand of the foremen who had the oversight of the house of the Lord; and they gave it to the workmen who worked in the house of the Lord, to repair and restore the house.
11They gave it to the craftsmen and builders to buy hewn stone and timber for beams, and to floor the houses which the kings of Judah had destroyed.
12And the men did the work faithfully. Their overseers were Jahath and Obadiah the Levites, of the sons of Merari, and Zechariah and Meshullam, of the sons of the Kohathites, to supervise. Others of the Levites, all of whom were skillful with instruments of music,
13were over the burden bearers and were overseers of all who did work in any kind of service. And some of the Levites were scribes, officers, and gatekeepers.
14Now when they brought out the money that was brought into the house of the Lord, Hilkiah the priest found the Book of the Law of the Lord given by Moses.
15Then Hilkiah answered and said to Shaphan the scribe, “I have found the Book of the Law in the house of the Lord.” And Hilkiah gave the book to Shaphan.
16So Shaphan carried the book to the king, bringing the king word, saying, “All that was committed to your servants they are doing.
17And they have gathered the money that was found in the house of the Lord, and have delivered it into the hand of the overseers and the workmen.”
18Then Shaphan the scribe told the king, saying, “Hilkiah the priest has given me a book.” And Shaphan read it before the king.
19Thus it happened, when the king heard the words of the Law, that he tore his clothes.
20Then the king commanded Hilkiah, Ahikam the son of Shaphan, Abdon the son of Micah, Shaphan the scribe, and Asaiah a servant of the king, saying,
21“Go, inquire of the Lord for me, and for those who are left in Israel and Judah, concerning the words of the book that is found; for great is the wrath of the Lord that is poured out on us, because our fathers have not kept the word of the Lord, to do according to all that is written in this book.”
22So Hilkiah and those the king had appointed went to Huldah the prophetess, the wife of Shallum the son of Tokhath, the son of Hasrah, keeper of the wardrobe. (She dwelt in Jerusalem in the Second Quarter.) And they spoke to her to that effect.
23Then she answered them, “Thus says the Lord God of Israel, ‘Tell the man who sent you to Me,
24“Thus says the Lord: ‘Behold, I will bring calamity on this place and on its inhabitants, all the curses that are written in the book which they have read before the king of Judah,
25because they have forsaken Me and burned incense to other gods, that they might provoke Me to anger with all the works of their hands. Therefore My wrath will be poured out on this place, and not be quenched.’ ” ’
26But as for the king of Judah, who sent you to inquire of the Lord, in this manner you shall speak to him, ‘Thus says the Lord God of Israel: “Concerning the words which you have heard—
27because your heart was tender, and you humbled yourself before God when you heard His words against this place and against its inhabitants, and you humbled yourself before Me, and you tore your clothes and wept before Me, I also have heard you,” says the Lord.
28“Surely I will gather you to your fathers, and you shall be gathered to your grave in peace; and your eyes shall not see all the calamity which I will bring on this place and its inhabitants.” ’ ” So they brought back word to the king.
29Then the king sent and gathered all the elders of Judah and Jerusalem.
30The king went up to the house of the Lord, with all the men of Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem—the priests and the Levites, and all the people, great and small. And he read in their hearing all the words of the Book of the Covenant which had been found in the house of the Lord.
31Then the king stood in his place and made a covenant before the Lord, to follow the Lord, and to keep His commandments and His testimonies and His statutes with all his heart and all his soul, to perform the words of the covenant that were written in this book.
32And he made all who were present in Jerusalem and Benjamin take a stand. So the inhabitants of Jerusalem did according to the covenant of God, the God of their fathers.
33Thus Josiah removed all the abominations from all the country that belonged to the children of Israel, and made all who were present in Israel diligently serve the Lord their God. All his days they did not depart from following the Lord God of their fathers.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 2 Chronicles 34.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Josiah's good reign in Judah. (1-33).
vv1-33
As the years of infancy cannot be useful to our fellow-creatures, our earliest youth should be dedicated to God, that we may not waste any of the remaining short space of life. Happy and wise are those who seek the Lord and prepare for usefulness at an early age, when others are pursuing sinful pleasures, contracting bad habits, and forming ruinous connexions. Who can express the anguish prevented by early piety, and its blessed effects? Diligent self-examination and watchfulness will convince us of the deceitfulness and wickedness of our own hearts, and the sinfulness of our lives. We are here encouraged to humble ourselves before God, and to seek unto him, as Josiah did. And believers are here taught, not to fear death, but to welcome it, when it takes them away from the evil to come. Nothing hastens the ruin of a people, nor ripens them for it, more than their disregard of the attempts made for their reformation. Be not deceived, God is not mocked. The current and tide of affections only turns at the command of Him who raises up those that are dead in trespasses and sins. We behold peculiar loveliness, in the grace the Lord bestows on those, who in tender years seek to know and to love the Saviour. Hath Jesus, the Day-spring from on high, visited you? Can you trace your knowledge of this light and life of man, like Josiah, from your youth? Oh the unspeakable happiness of becoming acquainted with Jesus from our earliest years!
Key Words
יֹאשִׁיָּה: Joshijah, the name of two Israelites
שְׁמֹנֶה: a cardinal number, eight (as if a surplus above the 'perfect' seven); also (as ordinal) eighth
שָׁנֶה: a year (as a revolution of time)
בֵּן: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
מָלַךְ: to reign; inceptively, to ascend the throne; causatively, to induct into royalty; hence (by implication) to take counsel
יְרוּשָׁלַ͏ִם: Jerushalaim or Jerushalem, the capital city of Palestine
עָשָׂה: to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
יָשָׁר: straight (literally or figuratively)
עַיִן: an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)
יָלַךְ: to walk (literally or figuratively); causatively, to carry (in various senses)
Cross References
2 Chronicles 34The direct parallel account of Josiah's reign, the reform, and finding the Book of the Law.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Fulfills the three-hundred-year-old prophecy that a son of David named Josiah would burn priests' bones on the altar.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Details Josiah's destruction of the altar at Bethel and execution of idolatrous priests in Samaritan territory.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallel account of Hilkiah finding the book of the law and sending it to the king.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallel description of Josiah's tender heart, self-humiliation, and weeping before the Lord.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Moses commanded the Levites to place the Book of the Law beside the Ark of the Covenant.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
The parallel divine promise that Josiah would be gathered to his grave in peace before the disaster.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallel passage where Josiah gathers the elders and renews the national covenant in Jerusalem.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Jeremiah began his prophetic ministry in the thirteenth year of Josiah's reign, supporting his reforms.
Supported by JFB
The law requiring the king to write and read a personal copy of the Book of the Law.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Thematic illustration of the righteous being taken away from the evil to come.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Earlier precedent of Judah entering into a solemn covenant to seek the Lord with all their heart.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Moses' command to walk in God's ways without turning to the right hand or the left.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Levitical curse of casting the carcasses of Israelites upon the carcasses of their broken idols.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Precedent of Judah's king exercising spiritual influence and outreach over the remnant in the northern tribes.
Supported by JFB