2 Kings19
New Living Translation
1When King Hezekiah heard their report, he tore his clothes and put on burlap and went into the Temple of the Lord.
2And he sent Eliakim the palace administrator, Shebna the court secretary, and the leading priests, all dressed in burlap, to the prophet Isaiah son of Amoz.
3They told him, “This is what King Hezekiah says: Today is a day of trouble, insults, and disgrace. It is like when a child is ready to be born, but the mother has no strength to deliver the baby.
4But perhaps the Lord your God has heard the Assyrian chief of staff, sent by the king to defy the living God, and will punish him for his words. Oh, pray for those of us who are left!”
5After King Hezekiah’s officials delivered the king’s message to Isaiah,
6the prophet replied, “Say to your master, ‘This is what the Lord says: Do not be disturbed by this blasphemous speech against me from the Assyrian king’s messengers.
7Listen! I myself will move against him, and the king will receive a message that he is needed at home. So he will return to his land, where I will have him killed with a sword.’”
8Meanwhile, the Assyrian chief of staff left Jerusalem and went to consult the king of Assyria, who had left Lachish and was attacking Libnah.
9Soon afterward King Sennacherib received word that King Tirhakah of Ethiopia was leading an army to fight against him. Before leaving to meet the attack, he sent messengers back to Hezekiah in Jerusalem with this message:
10“This message is for King Hezekiah of Judah. Don’t let your God, in whom you trust, deceive you with promises that Jerusalem will not be captured by the king of Assyria.
11You know perfectly well what the kings of Assyria have done wherever they have gone. They have completely destroyed everyone who stood in their way! Why should you be any different?
12Have the gods of other nations rescued them—such nations as Gozan, Haran, Rezeph, and the people of Eden who were in Tel-assar? My predecessors destroyed them all!
13What happened to the king of Hamath and the king of Arpad? What happened to the kings of Sepharvaim, Hena, and Ivvah?”
14After Hezekiah received the letter from the messengers and read it, he went up to the Lord’s Temple and spread it out before the Lord.
15And Hezekiah prayed this prayer before the Lord: “O Lord, God of Israel, you are enthroned between the mighty cherubim! You alone are God of all the kingdoms of the earth. You alone created the heavens and the earth.
16Bend down, O Lord, and listen! Open your eyes, O Lord, and see! Listen to Sennacherib’s words of defiance against the living God.
17“It is true, Lord, that the kings of Assyria have destroyed all these nations.
18And they have thrown the gods of these nations into the fire and burned them. But of course the Assyrians could destroy them! They were not gods at all—only idols of wood and stone shaped by human hands.
19Now, O Lord our God, rescue us from his power; then all the kingdoms of the earth will know that you alone, O Lord, are God.”
20Then Isaiah son of Amoz sent this message to Hezekiah: “This is what the Lord, the God of Israel, says: I have heard your prayer about King Sennacherib of Assyria.
21And the Lord has spoken this word against him: “The virgin daughter of Zion despises you and laughs at you. The daughter of Jerusalem shakes her head in derision as you flee.
22“Whom have you been defying and ridiculing? Against whom did you raise your voice? At whom did you look with such haughty eyes? It was the Holy One of Israel!
23By your messengers you have defied the Lord. You have said, ‘With my many chariots I have conquered the highest mountains— yes, the remotest peaks of Lebanon. I have cut down its tallest cedars and its finest cypress trees. I have reached its farthest corners and explored its deepest forests.
24I have dug wells in many foreign lands and refreshed myself with their water. With the sole of my foot I stopped up all the rivers of Egypt!’
25“But have you not heard? I decided this long ago. Long ago I planned it, and now I am making it happen. I planned for you to crush fortified cities into heaps of rubble.
26That is why their people have so little power and are so frightened and confused. They are as weak as grass, as easily trampled as tender green shoots. They are like grass sprouting on a housetop, scorched before it can grow lush and tall.
27“But I know you well— where you stay and when you come and go. I know the way you have raged against me.
28And because of your raging against me and your arrogance, which I have heard for myself, I will put my hook in your nose and my bit in your mouth. I will make you return by the same road on which you came.”
29Then Isaiah said to Hezekiah, “Here is the proof that what I say is true: “This year you will eat only what grows up by itself, and next year you will eat what springs up from that. But in the third year you will plant crops and harvest them; you will tend vineyards and eat their fruit.
30And you who are left in Judah, who have escaped the ravages of the siege, will put roots down in your own soil and will grow up and flourish.
31For a remnant of my people will spread out from Jerusalem, a group of survivors from Mount Zion. The passionate commitment of the Lord of Heaven’s Armies will make this happen!
32“And this is what the Lord says about the king of Assyria: “His armies will not enter Jerusalem. They will not even shoot an arrow at it. They will not march outside its gates with their shields nor build banks of earth against its walls.
33The king will return to his own country by the same road on which he came. He will not enter this city, says the Lord.
34For my own honor and for the sake of my servant David, I will defend this city and protect it.”
35That night the angel of the Lord went out to the Assyrian camp and killed 185,000 Assyrian soldiers. When the surviving Assyrians woke up the next morning, they found corpses everywhere.
36Then King Sennacherib of Assyria broke camp and returned to his own land. He went home to his capital of Nineveh and stayed there.
37One day while he was worshiping in the temple of his god Nisroch, his sons Adrammelech and Sharezer killed him with their swords. They then escaped to the land of Ararat, and another son, Esarhaddon, became the next king of Assyria.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 2 Kings 19.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Hezekiah receives an answer of peace. (1–7). Sennacherib's letter. (8–19). His fall is prophesied. (20–34). The Assyrian army destroyed, Sennacherib slain. (35–37).
vv1-7
Hezekiah discovered deep concern at the dishonour done to God by Rabshakeh's blasphemy. Those who speak from God to us, we should in a particular manner desire to speak to God for us. The great Prophet is the great Intercessor. Those are likely to prevail with God, who lift up their hearts in prayer. Man's extremity is God's opportunity. While his servants can speak nothing but terror to the profane, the proud, and the hypocritical, they have comfortable words for the discouraged believer.
vv8-19
Prayer is the never-failing resource of the tempted Christian, whether struggling with outward difficulties or inward foes. At the mercy-seat of his almighty Friend he opens his heart, spreads his case, like Hezekiah, and makes his appeal. When he can discern that the glory of God is engaged on his side, faith gains the victory, and he rejoices that he shall never be moved. The best pleas in prayer are taken from God's honour. (2Ki 19:20-34)
vv20-34
All Sennacherib's motions were under the Divine cognizance. God himself undertakes to defend the city; and that person, that place, cannot but be safe, which he undertakes to protect. The invasion of the Assyrians probably had prevented the land from being sown that year. The next is supposed to have been the sabbatical year, but the Lord engaged that the produce of the land should be sufficient for their support during those two years. As the performance of this promise was to be after the destruction of Sennacherib's army, it was a sign to Hezekiah's faith, assuring him of that present deliverance, as an earnest of the Lord's future care of the kingdom of Judah. This the Lord would perform, not for their righteousness, but his own glory. May our hearts be as good ground, that his word may strike root therein, and bring forth fruit in our lives.
Key Words
מֶלֶךְ: a king
חִזְקִיָּה: Chizkijah, a king of Judah, also the name of two other Israelites
שָׁמַע: to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
קָרַע: to rend, literally or figuratively (revile, paint the eyes, as if enlarging them)
בֶּגֶד: a covering, i.e. clothing; also treachery or pillage
כָּסָה: properly, to plump, i.e. fill up hollows; by implication, to cover (for clothing or secrecy)
שַׂק: properly, a mesh (as allowing a liquid to run through), i.e. coarse loose cloth or sacking (used in mourning and for bagging); hence, a bag (for grain, etc.)
בּוֹא: to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
בַּיִת: a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
שָׁלַח: to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
Cross References
2 Kings 19Direct parallel account of Hezekiah receiving Sennacherib's letter and spreading it before the Lord.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Identical prophetic record of the angel of the Lord destroying 185,000 Assyrian soldiers.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Direct parallel fulfilling Isaiah's prophecy that Sennacherib would fall by the sword in his own land.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Chronicles parallel showing Hezekiah and Isaiah crying out to heaven in prayer together.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Theological foundation for the agricultural sign of eating what grows of itself during sabbatical years.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Identifies Libnah as a neighboring fortress under siege, explaining Sennacherib's movement from Lachish.
Supported by JFB
Identifies the 'rumour' predicted by Isaiah as Tirhakah king of Ethiopia coming out to fight.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Echoes Hezekiah's prayer addressing God as the Shepherd of Israel who dwells between the cherubim.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Parallel account emphasizing the divine intervention of the angel destroying the Assyrian leadership.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Uses the same vivid birth pangs metaphor to describe severe national extremity without strength.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallels Hezekiah's argument that the destroyed nations' gods were merely wood and stone.
Supported by JFB
Reveals Assyria as merely the rod of God's anger, planned in ancient times.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Parallels God's judgment using the bridle and hook metaphor to turn Assyria back.
Supported by JFB
Prophetic command not to fear the Assyrian's physical siege weapons.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Illustrates God's covenant loyalty to preserve Jerusalem for His servant David's sake.
Supported by Matthew Henry