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Ezra9

New Living Translation

1When these things had been done, the Jewish leaders came to me and said, “Many of the people of Israel, and even some of the priests and Levites, have not kept themselves separate from the other peoples living in the land. They have taken up the detestable practices of the Canaanites, Hittites, Perizzites, Jebusites, Ammonites, Moabites, Egyptians, and Amorites.

2For the men of Israel have married women from these people and have taken them as wives for their sons. So the holy race has become polluted by these mixed marriages. Worse yet, the leaders and officials have led the way in this outrage.”

3When I heard this, I tore my cloak and my shirt, pulled hair from my head and beard, and sat down utterly shocked.

4Then all who trembled at the words of the God of Israel came and sat with me because of this outrage committed by the returned exiles. And I sat there utterly appalled until the time of the evening sacrifice.

5At the time of the sacrifice, I stood up from where I had sat in mourning with my clothes torn. I fell to my knees and lifted my hands to the Lord my God.

6I prayed, “O my God, I am utterly ashamed; I blush to lift up my face to you. For our sins are piled higher than our heads, and our guilt has reached to the heavens.

7From the days of our ancestors until now, we have been steeped in sin. That is why we and our kings and our priests have been at the mercy of the pagan kings of the land. We have been killed, captured, robbed, and disgraced, just as we are today.

8“But now we have been given a brief moment of grace, for the Lord our God has allowed a few of us to survive as a remnant. He has given us security in this holy place. Our God has brightened our eyes and granted us some relief from our slavery.

9For we were slaves, but in his unfailing love our God did not abandon us in our slavery. Instead, he caused the kings of Persia to treat us favorably. He revived us so we could rebuild the Temple of our God and repair its ruins. He has given us a protective wall in Judah and Jerusalem.

10“And now, O our God, what can we say after all of this? For once again we have abandoned your commands!

11Your servants the prophets warned us when they said, ‘The land you are entering to possess is totally defiled by the detestable practices of the people living there. From one end to the other, the land is filled with corruption.

12Don’t let your daughters marry their sons! Don’t take their daughters as wives for your sons. Don’t ever promote the peace and prosperity of those nations. If you follow these instructions, you will be strong and will enjoy the good things the land produces, and you will leave this prosperity to your children forever.’

13“Now we are being punished because of our wickedness and our great guilt. But we have actually been punished far less than we deserve, for you, our God, have allowed some of us to survive as a remnant.

14But even so, we are again breaking your commands and intermarrying with people who do these detestable things. Won’t your anger be enough to destroy us, so that even this little remnant no longer survives?

15O Lord, God of Israel, you are just. We come before you in our guilt as nothing but an escaped remnant, though in such a condition none of us can stand in your presence.”

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Ezra 9.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Ezra mourns for the Jews' conduct. (1–4). Ezra's confession of sins. (5–15).

vv1-4

Many corruptions lurk out of the view of the most careful rulers. Some of the people disobeyed the express command of God, which forbade all marriages with the heathen, De 7. Disbelief of God's all-sufficiency, is at the bottom of the sorry shifts we make to help ourselves. They exposed themselves and their children to the peril of idolatry, that had ruined their church and nation. Carnal professors may make light of such connexions, and try to explain away the exhortations to be separate; but those who are best acquainted with the word of God, will treat the subject in another manner. They must forebode the worst from such unions. The evils excused, and even pleaded for; by many professors, astonish and cause regret in the true believer. All who profess to be God's people, ought to strengthen those that appear and act against vice and profaneness.

vv5-15

The sacrifice, especially the evening sacrifice, was a type of the blessed Lamb of God, who in the evening of the world, was to take away sin by the sacrifice of himself. Ezra's address is a penitent confession of sin, the sin of his people. But let this be the comfort of true penitents, that though their sins reach to the heavens, God's mercy is in the heavens. Ezra, speaking of sin, speaks as one much ashamed. Holy shame is as necessary in true repentance as holy sorrow. Ezra speaks as much amazed. The discoveries of guilt cause amazement; the more we think of sin, the worse it looks. Say, God be merciful to me sinner. Ezra speaks as one much afraid. There is not a surer or saddler presage of ruin, than turning to sin, after great judgments, and great deliverances. Every one in the church of God, has to wonder that he has not wearied out the Lord's patience, and brought destruction upon himself. What then must be the case of the ungodly? But though the true penitent has nothing to plead in his own behalf, the heavenly Advocate pleads most powerfully for him.

Cross References

Ezra 9
v2Deuteronomy 7:3thematic

Direct Mosaic prohibition of intermarriage with Canaanite nations, which Israel flagrantly violated here.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v4Psalms 141:2thematic

Associates the timing of Ezra's prayer with the evening sacrifice as a standard hour of prayer.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v4Isaiah 66:2thematic

Describes those who, like Ezra's companions, 'trembled at the words' of God.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v6Psalms 38:4thematic

Verbal echo of iniquities increasing 'over our head' like overwhelming deep waters.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v12Deuteronomy 23:6allusion

The specific phrase 'never seek their peace nor their wealth' directly quotes this law.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v2Exodus 34:16thematic

Torah warning that taking foreign daughters leads to spiritual whoredom and syncretism.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v4Ezra 10:3thematic

The immediate historical sequel, where those who trembled at God's commandment assemble to act.

Supported by JFB

v6Daniel 9:5thematic

Close thematic parallel of corporate exile confession, acknowledging shame and national betrayal.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v9Nehemiah 9:36thematic

Parallel description of post-exilic Jews acknowledging they are still 'bondmen' under foreign kings.

Supported by Matthew Poole

The foundational Pentateuchal warning against covenant-breaking marriages with local idolatrous nations.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v11Ezra 9:1thematic

Self-referential link outlining the specific Canaanite and heathen nations whose abominations defiled the land.

Supported by JFB

v3Leviticus 19:27contrast

Contrast to law against rounding corners of beard; Ezra plucked hair in grief, not ritual mutilation.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v5Daniel 9:21thematic

Another instance of intense confession and prayer aligned precisely with the evening oblation.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v15Nehemiah 9:33thematic

Echoes Ezra's exact confession that God is righteous while the people are guilty.

Supported by Matthew Poole