Genesis 20NLT
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Genesis20

New Living Translation

1Abraham moved south to the Negev and lived for a while between Kadesh and Shur, and then he moved on to Gerar. While living there as a foreigner,

2Abraham introduced his wife, Sarah, by saying, “She is my sister.” So King Abimelech of Gerar sent for Sarah and had her brought to him at his palace.

3But that night God came to Abimelech in a dream and told him, “You are a dead man, for that woman you have taken is already married!”

4But Abimelech had not slept with her yet, so he said, “Lord, will you destroy an innocent nation?

5Didn’t Abraham tell me, ‘She is my sister’? And she herself said, ‘Yes, he is my brother.’ I acted in complete innocence! My hands are clean.”

6In the dream God responded, “Yes, I know you are innocent. That’s why I kept you from sinning against me, and why I did not let you touch her.

7Now return the woman to her husband, and he will pray for you, for he is a prophet. Then you will live. But if you don’t return her to him, you can be sure that you and all your people will die.”

8Abimelech got up early the next morning and quickly called all his servants together. When he told them what had happened, his men were terrified.

9Then Abimelech called for Abraham. “What have you done to us?” he demanded. “What crime have I committed that deserves treatment like this, making me and my kingdom guilty of this great sin? No one should ever do what you have done!

10Whatever possessed you to do such a thing?”

11Abraham replied, “I thought, ‘This is a godless place. They will want my wife and will kill me to get her.’

12And she really is my sister, for we both have the same father, but different mothers. And I married her.

13When God called me to leave my father’s home and to travel from place to place, I told her, ‘Do me a favor. Wherever we go, tell the people that I am your brother.’”

14Then Abimelech took some of his sheep and goats, cattle, and male and female servants, and he presented them to Abraham. He also returned his wife, Sarah, to him.

15Then Abimelech said, “Look over my land and choose any place where you would like to live.”

16And he said to Sarah, “Look, I am giving your ‘brother’ 1,000 pieces of silver in the presence of all these witnesses. This is to compensate you for any wrong I may have done to you. This will settle any claim against me, and your reputation is cleared.”

17Then Abraham prayed to God, and God healed Abimelech, his wife, and his female servants, so they could have children.

18For the Lord had caused all the women to be infertile because of what happened with Abraham’s wife, Sarah.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Genesis 20.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Abraham's sojourn at Gerar, Sarah is taken by Abimelech. (1–8). Abimelech's rebuke to Abraham. (9–13). Abimelech restores Sarah. (14–18).

vv1-8

Crooked policy will not prosper: it brings ourselves and others into danger. God gives Abimelech notice of his danger of sin, and his danger of death for his sin. Every wilful sinner is a dead man, but Abimelech pleads ignorance. If our consciences witness, that, however we may have been cheated into a snare, we have not knowingly sinned against God, it will be our rejoicing in the day of evil. It is matter of comfort to those who are honest, that God knows their honesty, and will acknowledge it. It is a great mercy to be hindered from committing sin; of this God must have the glory. But if we have ignorantly done wrong, that will not excuse us, if we knowingly persist in it. He that does wrong, whoever he is, prince or peasant, shall certainly receive for the wrong which he has done, unless he repent, and, if possible, make restitution.

vv9-13

See here much to blame, even in the father of the faithful. Mark his distrust of God, his undue care about life, his intent to deceive. He also threw temptation in the way of others, caused affliction to them, exposed himself and Sarah to just rebukes, and yet attempted an excuse. These things are written for our warning, not for us to imitate. Even Abraham hath not whereof to glory. He cannot be justified by his works, but must be indebted for justification, to that righteousness which is upon all and unto all them that believe. We must not condemn all as hypocrites who fall into sin, if they do not continue in it. But let the unhumbled and impenitent take heed that they do not sin on, thinking that grace may abound. Abimelech, being warned of God, takes the warning; and being truly afraid of sin and its consequences, he rose early to pursue the directions given him.

vv14-18

We often trouble ourselves, and even are led into temptation and sin, by groundless suspicions; and find the fear of God where we expected it not. Agreements to deceive generally end in shame and sorrow; and restraints from sin, though by suffering, should be thankfully acknowledged. Though the Lord rebuke, yet he will pardon and deliver his people, and he will give them favour in the sight of those with whom they sojourn; and overrule their infirmities, when they are humbled for them, so that they shall prove useful to themselves and others.

Cross References

Genesis 20
v2Genesis 12:13thematic

The exact precedent where Abraham used the same 'sister' deception with Pharaoh.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB

v3Psalms 105:14allusion

Direct historical commentary on God reproving kings and suffering no man to do them wrong.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v7Psalms 105:15allusion

Directly references the patriarchs as prophets and God's warning: 'touch not mine anointed'.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v7Job 42:8thematic

Thematic parallel where God commands intercessory prayer from His servant to avert judgment.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin

v6Genesis 39:9thematic

Joseph echoes the principle that sexual immorality is fundamentally 'sinning against God'.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v11Genesis 26:7thematic

Isaac repeats his father's exact deception in Gerar due to the same fear.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v18Genesis 12:17thematic

Parallel judgment where God plagued Pharaoh's house because of Sarah.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB

Abimelech's plea mirrors Abraham's intercession for Sodom concerning a 'righteous' nation.

Supported by John Calvin

v12Genesis 11:29thematic

Provides the familial context to evaluate Abraham's half-sister defense.

Supported by JFB

v51 Kings 9:4thematic

Biblical standard of walking in 'integrity of heart,' which God acknowledges in Abimelech.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v9Exodus 32:21thematic

Moses asks Aaron the same question about bringing a 'great sin' upon the people.

Supported by John Calvin

v11Proverbs 29:25thematic

Proverbs warns of the 'fear of man' that ensnared Abraham in this passage.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v1Genesis 26:1thematic

Links Abraham's southern journey to Isaac's later sojourn in the same region of Gerar.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v14Genesis 12:16thematic

Pharaoh similarly gave Abraham wealth on account of Sarah, illustrating repeated patterns.

Supported by John Calvin, JFB

v16Genesis 24:65thematic

Illuminates Sarah's 'covering of the eyes' through ancient Eastern custom.

Supported by John Calvin