Isaiah23
New Living Translation
1This message came to me concerning Tyre: Wail, you trading ships of Tarshish, for the harbor and houses of Tyre are gone! The rumors you heard in Cyprus are all true.
2Mourn in silence, you people of the coast and you merchants of Sidon. Your traders crossed the sea,
3sailing over deep waters. They brought you grain from Egypt and harvests from along the Nile. You were the marketplace of the world.
4But now you are put to shame, city of Sidon, for Tyre, the fortress of the sea, says, “Now I am childless; I have no sons or daughters.”
5When Egypt hears the news about Tyre, there will be great sorrow.
6Send word now to Tarshish! Wail, you people who live in distant lands!
7Is this silent ruin all that is left of your once joyous city? What a long history was yours! Think of all the colonists you sent to distant places.
8Who has brought this disaster on Tyre, that great creator of kingdoms? Her traders were all princes, her merchants were nobles.
9The Lord of Heaven’s Armies has done it to destroy your pride and bring low all earth’s nobility.
10Come, people of Tarshish, sweep over the land like the flooding Nile, for Tyre is defenseless.
11The Lord held out his hand over the sea and shook the kingdoms of the earth. He has spoken out against Phoenicia, ordering that her fortresses be destroyed.
12He says, “Never again will you rejoice, O daughter of Sidon, for you have been crushed. Even if you flee to Cyprus, you will find no rest.”
13Look at the land of Babylonia— the people of that land are gone! The Assyrians have handed Babylon over to the wild animals of the desert. They have built siege ramps against its walls, torn down its palaces, and turned it to a heap of rubble.
14Wail, you ships of Tarshish, for your harbor is destroyed!
15For seventy years, the length of a king’s life, Tyre will be forgotten. But then the city will come back to life as in the song about the prostitute:
16Take a harp and walk the streets, you forgotten harlot. Make sweet melody and sing your songs so you will be remembered again.
17Yes, after seventy years the Lord will revive Tyre. But she will be no different than she was before. She will again be a prostitute to all kingdoms around the world.
18But in the end her profits will be given to the Lord. Her wealth will not be hoarded but will provide good food and fine clothing for the Lord’s priests.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Isaiah 23.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The overthrow of Tyre. (1-14). It is established again. (15-18).
vv1-14
Tyre was the mart of the nations. She was noted for mirth and diversions; and this made her loth to consider the warnings God gave by his servants. Her merchants were princes, and lived like princes. Tyre being destroyed and laid waste, the merchants should abandon her. Flee to shift for thine own safety; but those that are uneasy in one place, will be so in another; for when God's judgments pursue sinners, they will overtake them. Whence shall all this trouble come? It is a destruction from the Almighty. God designed to convince men of the vanity and uncertainty of all earthly glory. Let the ruin of Tyre warn all places and persons to take heed of pride; for he who exalts himself shall be abased. God will do it, who has all power in his hand; but the Chaldeans shall be the instruments.
vv15-18
The desolations of Tyre were not to be for ever. The Lord will visit Tyre in mercy. But when set at liberty, she will use her old arts of temptation. The love of worldly wealth is spiritual idolatry; and covetousness is spiritual idolatry. This directs those that have wealth, to use it in the service of God. When we abide with God in our worldly callings, when we do all in our power to further the gospel, then our merchandise and hire are holiness to the Lord, if we look to his glory. Christians should carry on business as God's servants, and use riches as his stewards.
Key Words
מַשָּׂא: a burden; specifically, tribute, or (abstractly) porterage; figuratively, an utterance, chiefly adoom, especially singing; mental, desire
צֹר: Tsor, a place in Palestine
יָלַל: to howl (with a wailing tone) or yell (with a boisterous one)
אֳנִיָּה: a ship
תַּרְשִׁישׁ: Tarshish, a place on the Mediterranean, hence, the ephithet of a merchant vessel (as if for or from that port); also the name of a Persian and of an Israelite
שָׁדַד: properly, to be burly, i.e. (figuratively) powerful (passively, impregnable); by implication, to ravage
מִן: properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses
בַּיִת: a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
בּוֹא: to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
אֶרֶץ: the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
Cross References
Isaiah 23Parallels the specific seventy-year period of judgment/servitude under the Babylonian empire.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Historical Pentateuchal reference identifying Chittim as a naval power, foreshadowing the maritime distress of Tyre.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Identifies "Sihor" as the waters of the Nile, explaining the source of Egypt's agricultural harvest.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Expands on the widespread panic and mourning among nations upon hearing of Tyre's catastrophic fall.
Supported by JFB
Parallels the final restoration where commerce and common objects become "holiness unto the Lord."
Supported by Matthew Henry
Illustrates "ships of Tarshish" as large merchant vessels trading in valuable foreign commodities.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Ezekiel's parallel lamentation depicting Tyre as the opulent merchant entry-port to the sea.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Highlights the extreme self-exaltation of the prince of Tyre dwelling in the heart of the seas.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Explains the term "merchant city" (Hebrew: Canaan), linking mercantile success with deceptive scales.
Supported by JFB
Identifies "ships of Tarshish" as symbols of pride and human commerce targeted by divine judgment.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Links the pines/boxwood of the "isles of Chittim" with Tyrian shipbuilding and luxury trade.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Uses Chittim to denote the western coastlands and naval forces of the Mediterranean.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The New Testament echo where the merchants of the earth weep because their market is gone.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Ezekiel's lament over Tyre, "the renowned city, which was strong in the sea."
Supported by JFB
Confirms the grueling historical reality of Nebuchadnezzar's long siege against Tyre.
Supported by JFB