Isaiah 23NIV
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Isaiah23

New International Version

1A prophecy against Tyre: Wail, you ships of Tarshish! For Tyre is destroyed and left without house or harbor. From the land of Cyprus word has come to them.

2Be silent, you people of the island and you merchants of Sidon, whom the seafarers have enriched.

3On the great waters came the grain of the Shihor; the harvest of the Nile was the revenue of Tyre, and she became the marketplace of the nations.

4Be ashamed, Sidon, and you fortress of the sea, for the sea has spoken: “I have neither been in labor nor given birth; I have neither reared sons nor brought up daughters.”

5When word comes to Egypt, they will be in anguish at the report from Tyre.

6Cross over to Tarshish; wail, you people of the island.

7Is this your city of revelry, the old, old city, whose feet have taken her to settle in far-off lands?

8Who planned this against Tyre, the bestower of crowns, whose merchants are princes, whose traders are renowned in the earth?

9The Lord Almighty planned it, to bring down her pride in all her splendor and to humble all who are renowned on the earth.

10Till your land as they do along the Nile, Daughter Tarshish, for you no longer have a harbor.

11The Lord has stretched out his hand over the sea and made its kingdoms tremble. He has given an order concerning Phoenicia that her fortresses be destroyed.

12He said, “No more of your reveling, Virgin Daughter Sidon, now crushed! “Up, cross over to Cyprus; even there you will find no rest.”

13Look at the land of the Babylonians, this people that is now of no account! The Assyrians have made it a place for desert creatures; they raised up their siege towers, they stripped its fortresses bare and turned it into a ruin.

14Wail, you ships of Tarshish; your fortress is destroyed!

15At that time Tyre will be forgotten for seventy years, the span of a king’s life. But at the end of these seventy years, it will happen to Tyre as in the song of the prostitute:

16“Take up a harp, walk through the city, you forgotten prostitute; play the harp well, sing many a song, so that you will be remembered.”

17At the end of seventy years, the Lord will deal with Tyre. She will return to her lucrative prostitution and will ply her trade with all the kingdoms on the face of the earth.

18Yet her profit and her earnings will be set apart for the Lord; they will not be stored up or hoarded. Her profits will go to those who live before the Lord, for abundant food and fine clothes.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Isaiah 23.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The overthrow of Tyre. (1-14). It is established again. (15-18).

vv1-14

Tyre was the mart of the nations. She was noted for mirth and diversions; and this made her loth to consider the warnings God gave by his servants. Her merchants were princes, and lived like princes. Tyre being destroyed and laid waste, the merchants should abandon her. Flee to shift for thine own safety; but those that are uneasy in one place, will be so in another; for when God's judgments pursue sinners, they will overtake them. Whence shall all this trouble come? It is a destruction from the Almighty. God designed to convince men of the vanity and uncertainty of all earthly glory. Let the ruin of Tyre warn all places and persons to take heed of pride; for he who exalts himself shall be abased. God will do it, who has all power in his hand; but the Chaldeans shall be the instruments.

vv15-18

The desolations of Tyre were not to be for ever. The Lord will visit Tyre in mercy. But when set at liberty, she will use her old arts of temptation. The love of worldly wealth is spiritual idolatry; and covetousness is spiritual idolatry. This directs those that have wealth, to use it in the service of God. When we abide with God in our worldly callings, when we do all in our power to further the gospel, then our merchandise and hire are holiness to the Lord, if we look to his glory. Christians should carry on business as God's servants, and use riches as his stewards.

Cross References

Isaiah 23
v15Jeremiah 25:11thematic

Parallels the specific seventy-year period of judgment/servitude under the Babylonian empire.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v1Numbers 24:24thematic

Historical Pentateuchal reference identifying Chittim as a naval power, foreshadowing the maritime distress of Tyre.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v3Jeremiah 2:18thematic

Identifies "Sihor" as the waters of the Nile, explaining the source of Egypt's agricultural harvest.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

Expands on the widespread panic and mourning among nations upon hearing of Tyre's catastrophic fall.

Supported by JFB

v18Zechariah 14:21thematic

Parallels the final restoration where commerce and common objects become "holiness unto the Lord."

Supported by Matthew Henry

v11 Kings 10:22thematic

Illustrates "ships of Tarshish" as large merchant vessels trading in valuable foreign commodities.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v2Ezekiel 27:3thematic

Ezekiel's parallel lamentation depicting Tyre as the opulent merchant entry-port to the sea.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v2Ezekiel 28:2thematic

Highlights the extreme self-exaltation of the prince of Tyre dwelling in the heart of the seas.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v11Hosea 12:7allusion

Explains the term "merchant city" (Hebrew: Canaan), linking mercantile success with deceptive scales.

Supported by JFB

v1Isaiah 2:16thematic

Identifies "ships of Tarshish" as symbols of pride and human commerce targeted by divine judgment.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v1Ezekiel 27:6thematic

Links the pines/boxwood of the "isles of Chittim" with Tyrian shipbuilding and luxury trade.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v1Daniel 11:30thematic

Uses Chittim to denote the western coastlands and naval forces of the Mediterranean.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

The New Testament echo where the merchants of the earth weep because their market is gone.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v4Ezekiel 26:17thematic

Ezekiel's lament over Tyre, "the renowned city, which was strong in the sea."

Supported by JFB

v13Ezekiel 29:18thematic

Confirms the grueling historical reality of Nebuchadnezzar's long siege against Tyre.

Supported by JFB