Numbers 24NIV
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Numbers24

New International Version

1Now when Balaam saw that it pleased the Lord to bless Israel, he did not resort to divination as at other times, but turned his face toward the wilderness.

2When Balaam looked out and saw Israel encamped tribe by tribe, the Spirit of God came on him

3and he spoke his message: “The prophecy of Balaam son of Beor, the prophecy of one whose eye sees clearly,

4the prophecy of one who hears the words of God, who sees a vision from the Almighty, who falls prostrate, and whose eyes are opened:

5“How beautiful are your tents, Jacob, your dwelling places, Israel!

6“Like valleys they spread out, like gardens beside a river, like aloes planted by the Lord, like cedars beside the waters.

7Water will flow from their buckets; their seed will have abundant water. “Their king will be greater than Agag; their kingdom will be exalted.

8“God brought them out of Egypt; they have the strength of a wild ox. They devour hostile nations and break their bones in pieces; with their arrows they pierce them.

9Like a lion they crouch and lie down, like a lioness—who dares to rouse them? “May those who bless you be blessed and those who curse you be cursed!”

10Then Balak’s anger burned against Balaam. He struck his hands together and said to him, “I summoned you to curse my enemies, but you have blessed them these three times.

11Now leave at once and go home! I said I would reward you handsomely, but the Lord has kept you from being rewarded.”

12Balaam answered Balak, “Did I not tell the messengers you sent me,

13‘Even if Balak gave me all the silver and gold in his palace, I could not do anything of my own accord, good or bad, to go beyond the command of the Lord—and I must say only what the Lord says’?

14Now I am going back to my people, but come, let me warn you of what this people will do to your people in days to come.”

15Then he spoke his message: “The prophecy of Balaam son of Beor, the prophecy of one whose eye sees clearly,

16the prophecy of one who hears the words of God, who has knowledge from the Most High, who sees a vision from the Almighty, who falls prostrate, and whose eyes are opened:

17“I see him, but not now; I behold him, but not near. A star will come out of Jacob; a scepter will rise out of Israel. He will crush the foreheads of Moab, the skulls of all the people of Sheth.

18Edom will be conquered; Seir, his enemy, will be conquered, but Israel will grow strong.

19A ruler will come out of Jacob and destroy the survivors of the city.”

20Then Balaam saw Amalek and spoke his message: “Amalek was first among the nations, but their end will be utter destruction.”

21Then he saw the Kenites and spoke his message: “Your dwelling place is secure, your nest is set in a rock;

22yet you Kenites will be destroyed when Ashur takes you captive.”

23Then he spoke his message: “Alas! Who can live when God does this?

24Ships will come from the shores of Cyprus; they will subdue Ashur and Eber, but they too will come to ruin.”

25Then Balaam got up and returned home, and Balak went his own way.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Numbers 24.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Balaam, leaving divinations, prophesies the happiness of Israel. (1–9). Balak dismisses Balaam in anger. (10–14). Balaam's prophecies. (15–25).

vv1-9

Now Balaam spake not his own sense, but the language of the Spirit that came upon him. Many have their eyes open who have not their hearts open; are enlightened, but not sanctified. That knowledge which puffs men up with pride, will but serve to light them to hell, whither many go with their eyes open. The blessing is nearly the same as those given before. He admires in Israel, their beauty. The righteous, doubtless, is more excellent than his neighbour. Their fruitfulness and increase. Their honour and advancement. Their power and victory. He looks back upon what had been done for them. Their power and victory. He looks back upon what had been done for them. Their courage and security. The righteous are bold as a lion, not when assaulting others, but when at rest, because God maketh them to dwell in safety. Their influence upon their neighbours. God takes what is done to them, whether good or evil, as done to himself. (Nu 24:10-14)

vv10-14

This vain attempt to curse Israel is ended. Balak broke out into a rage against Balaam, and expressed great vexation. Balaam has a very full excuse; God restrained him from saying what he would have said, and constrained him to say what he would not have uttered.

vv15-25

Under the powerful influence of the Spirit of prophecy, Balaam foretold the future prosperity and extensive dominion of Israel. Balaam boasts that his eyes are open. The prophets were in old times called seers. He had heard the words of God, which many do who neither heed them, nor hear God in them. He knew the knowledge of the Most High. A man may be full of the knowledge of God, yet utterly destitute of the grace of God. He calls God the Most High and the Almighty. No man could seem to express a greater respect to God; yet he had no true fear of him, love to him, nor faith in him; so far a man may go toward heaven, and yet come short of it at last. Here is Balaam's prophecy concerning Him who should be the crown and glory of his people Israel; who is David in the type; but our Lord Jesus, the promised Messiah, is chiefly pointed at, and of him it is an illustrious prophecy. Balaam, a wicked man, shall see Christ, but shall not see him nigh; not see him as Job, who saw him as his Redeemer, and saw him for himself. When he comes in the clouds, every eye shall see him; but many will see him, as the rich man in hell saw Abraham, afar off. He shall come out of Jacob, and Israel, as a Star and a Sceptre; the former denoting his glory and lustre; the latter his power and authority. Christ shall be King, not only of Jacob and Israel, but of all the world; so that all shall be either governed by his golden sceptre, or dashed in pieces by his iron rod. Balaam prophesied concerning the Amalekites and Kenites, part of whose country he had now in view. Even a nest in a rock will not be a lasting security. Here is a prophecy that looks as far forward as to the Greeks and Romans. He acknowledges all the revolutions of states and kingdoms to be the Lord's doing. These events will make such desolations, that scarcely any will escape. They that live then, will be as brands plucked out of the fire. May God fit us for the worst of times! Thus Balaam, instead of cursing the church, curses Amalek the first, and Rome the last enemy of the church. Not Rome pagan only, but Rome papal also; antichrist and all the antichristian powers. Let us ask ourselves, Do we in knowledge, experience, or profession, excel Balaam? No readiness of speech, even in preaching or prayer, no gifts of knowledge or prophecy, are in themselves different from, or superior to the boasted gifts of him who loved the wages of unrighteousness, and died the enemy of God. Simple dependence on the Redeemer's atoning blood and sanctifying grace, cheerful submission to the Divine will, constant endeavours to glorify God and benefit his people, these are less splendid, but far more excellent gifts, and always accompany salvation. No boasting hypocrite ever possessed these; yet the feeblest believer has something of them, and is daily praying for more of them.

Cross References

Numbers 24
v17Genesis 49:10thematic

The sceptre rising out of Israel parallels the ruling sceptre promised to Judah.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v9Genesis 27:29thematic

Echoes Isaac's blessing that those who bless Israel are blessed and those who curse are cursed.

Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin

v9Genesis 49:9thematic

Uses the identical poetic imagery of a couching lion that no one dares rouse.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v17Revelation 22:16typology

The ultimate messianic fulfillment of the Star rising out of Jacob as the Morning Star.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v182 Samuel 8:14fulfillment

Historically fulfills the prediction that Edom would become a possession of Israel under King David.

Supported by JFB

v24Daniel 11:30thematic

Connects ships of Kittim with military affliction, matching Daniel's prophecy of western powers.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v2Numbers 2:2-34thematic

Refers back to the ordered arrangement of the tribes tenting around the tabernacle.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v71 Samuel 15:8fulfillment

Demonstrates Saul's victory over Agag, showing Israel's king rising higher than Amalek's ruler.

Supported by JFB

v8Numbers 23:22thematic

Repeats the exact formula of God bringing them out of Egypt with the strength of a wild ox.

Supported by John Calvin

v13Numbers 22:18thematic

Balaam repeats his restriction: he cannot go beyond Yahweh's word for silver or gold.

Supported by John Calvin

v17Matthew 2:2-9allusion

The star seen by the wise men in the east heralds the King of the Jews.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v20Exodus 17:14fulfillment

Corresponds to God's decree that Amalek's remembrance would be utterly wiped out.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v6Psalms 104:16thematic

Parallels the language of majestic trees (cedars of Lebanon) which the Lord has planted.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v14Revelation 2:14thematic

Reveals the destructive advice Balaam gave to Balak before departing, causing Israel to sin.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v21Judges 1:16thematic

Identifies the Kenites dwelling securely among Israel, illustrating their rock-like nesting place.

Supported by JFB

v25Numbers 31:8thematic

Records that Balaam did not simply depart in peace but was eventually slain among Midian.

Supported by JFB

v2John 11:51thematic

Shows how an ungodly office-bearer (like Caiaphas) can be compelled to prophesy truly by God's Spirit.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v41 Samuel 19:24thematic

Provides a biblical parallel of a prophet falling down in an ecstatic, involuntary state of prophecy.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v10Deuteronomy 23:5thematic

Confirms that God refused to listen to Balaam and turned the intended curse into a blessing.

Supported by JFB

v10Ezekiel 21:17thematic

The physical action of smiting hands together as an expression of violent anger and vexation.

Supported by JFB