Numbers24
New Living Translation
1By now Balaam realized that the Lord was determined to bless Israel, so he did not resort to divination as before. Instead, he turned and looked out toward the wilderness,
2where he saw the people of Israel camped, tribe by tribe. Then the Spirit of God came upon him,
3and this is the message he delivered: “This is the message of Balaam son of Beor, the message of the man whose eyes see clearly,
4the message of one who hears the words of God, who sees a vision from the Almighty, who bows down with eyes wide open:
5How beautiful are your tents, O Jacob; how lovely are your homes, O Israel!
6They spread before me like palm groves, like gardens by the riverside. They are like tall trees planted by the Lord, like cedars beside the waters.
7Water will flow from their buckets; their offspring have all they need. Their king will be greater than Agag; their kingdom will be exalted.
8God brought them out of Egypt; for them he is as strong as a wild ox. He devours all the nations that oppose him, breaking their bones in pieces, shooting them with arrows.
9Like a lion, Israel crouches and lies down; like a lioness, who dares to arouse her? Blessed is everyone who blesses you, O Israel, and cursed is everyone who curses you.”
10King Balak flew into a rage against Balaam. He angrily clapped his hands and shouted, “I called you to curse my enemies! Instead, you have blessed them three times.
11Now get out of here! Go back home! I promised to reward you richly, but the Lord has kept you from your reward.”
12Balaam told Balak, “Don’t you remember what I told your messengers? I said,
13‘Even if Balak were to give me his palace filled with silver and gold, I would be powerless to do anything against the will of the Lord.’ I told you that I could say only what the Lord says!
14Now I am returning to my own people. But first let me tell you what the Israelites will do to your people in the future.”
15This is the message Balaam delivered: “This is the message of Balaam son of Beor, the message of the man whose eyes see clearly,
16the message of one who hears the words of God, who has knowledge from the Most High, who sees a vision from the Almighty, who bows down with eyes wide open:
17I see him, but not here and now. I perceive him, but far in the distant future. A star will rise from Jacob; a scepter will emerge from Israel. It will crush the heads of Moab’s people, cracking the skulls of the people of Sheth.
18Edom will be taken over, and Seir, its enemy, will be conquered, while Israel marches on in triumph.
19A ruler will rise in Jacob who will destroy the survivors of Ir.”
20Then Balaam looked over toward the people of Amalek and delivered this message: “Amalek was the greatest of nations, but its destiny is destruction!”
21Then he looked over toward the Kenites and delivered this message: “Your home is secure; your nest is set in the rocks.
22But the Kenites will be destroyed when Assyria takes you captive.”
23Balaam concluded his messages by saying: “Alas, who can survive unless God has willed it?
24Ships will come from the coasts of Cyprus; they will oppress Assyria and afflict Eber, but they, too, will be utterly destroyed.”
25Then Balaam left and returned home, and Balak also went on his way.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Numbers 24.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Balaam, leaving divinations, prophesies the happiness of Israel. (1–9). Balak dismisses Balaam in anger. (10–14). Balaam's prophecies. (15–25).
vv1-9
Now Balaam spake not his own sense, but the language of the Spirit that came upon him. Many have their eyes open who have not their hearts open; are enlightened, but not sanctified. That knowledge which puffs men up with pride, will but serve to light them to hell, whither many go with their eyes open. The blessing is nearly the same as those given before. He admires in Israel, their beauty. The righteous, doubtless, is more excellent than his neighbour. Their fruitfulness and increase. Their honour and advancement. Their power and victory. He looks back upon what had been done for them. Their power and victory. He looks back upon what had been done for them. Their courage and security. The righteous are bold as a lion, not when assaulting others, but when at rest, because God maketh them to dwell in safety. Their influence upon their neighbours. God takes what is done to them, whether good or evil, as done to himself. (Nu 24:10-14)
vv10-14
This vain attempt to curse Israel is ended. Balak broke out into a rage against Balaam, and expressed great vexation. Balaam has a very full excuse; God restrained him from saying what he would have said, and constrained him to say what he would not have uttered.
vv15-25
Under the powerful influence of the Spirit of prophecy, Balaam foretold the future prosperity and extensive dominion of Israel. Balaam boasts that his eyes are open. The prophets were in old times called seers. He had heard the words of God, which many do who neither heed them, nor hear God in them. He knew the knowledge of the Most High. A man may be full of the knowledge of God, yet utterly destitute of the grace of God. He calls God the Most High and the Almighty. No man could seem to express a greater respect to God; yet he had no true fear of him, love to him, nor faith in him; so far a man may go toward heaven, and yet come short of it at last. Here is Balaam's prophecy concerning Him who should be the crown and glory of his people Israel; who is David in the type; but our Lord Jesus, the promised Messiah, is chiefly pointed at, and of him it is an illustrious prophecy. Balaam, a wicked man, shall see Christ, but shall not see him nigh; not see him as Job, who saw him as his Redeemer, and saw him for himself. When he comes in the clouds, every eye shall see him; but many will see him, as the rich man in hell saw Abraham, afar off. He shall come out of Jacob, and Israel, as a Star and a Sceptre; the former denoting his glory and lustre; the latter his power and authority. Christ shall be King, not only of Jacob and Israel, but of all the world; so that all shall be either governed by his golden sceptre, or dashed in pieces by his iron rod. Balaam prophesied concerning the Amalekites and Kenites, part of whose country he had now in view. Even a nest in a rock will not be a lasting security. Here is a prophecy that looks as far forward as to the Greeks and Romans. He acknowledges all the revolutions of states and kingdoms to be the Lord's doing. These events will make such desolations, that scarcely any will escape. They that live then, will be as brands plucked out of the fire. May God fit us for the worst of times! Thus Balaam, instead of cursing the church, curses Amalek the first, and Rome the last enemy of the church. Not Rome pagan only, but Rome papal also; antichrist and all the antichristian powers. Let us ask ourselves, Do we in knowledge, experience, or profession, excel Balaam? No readiness of speech, even in preaching or prayer, no gifts of knowledge or prophecy, are in themselves different from, or superior to the boasted gifts of him who loved the wages of unrighteousness, and died the enemy of God. Simple dependence on the Redeemer's atoning blood and sanctifying grace, cheerful submission to the Divine will, constant endeavours to glorify God and benefit his people, these are less splendid, but far more excellent gifts, and always accompany salvation. No boasting hypocrite ever possessed these; yet the feeblest believer has something of them, and is daily praying for more of them.
Key Words
בִּלְעָם: Bilam, a Mesopotamian prophet; also a place in Palestine
רָאָה: to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
כִּי: (by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
בָרַךְ: to kneel; by implication to bless God (as an act of adoration), and (vice-versa) man (as a benefit); also (by euphemism) to curse (God or the king, as treason)
יִשְׂרָאֵל: Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
לֹא: not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
הָלַךְ: to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
פַּעַם: a stroke, literally or figuratively (in various applications, as follow)
קִרְאָה: an encountering, accidental, friendly or hostile (also adverbially, opposite)
נַחַשׁ: an incantation or augury
Cross References
Numbers 24The sceptre rising out of Israel parallels the ruling sceptre promised to Judah.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Echoes Isaac's blessing that those who bless Israel are blessed and those who curse are cursed.
Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin
Uses the identical poetic imagery of a couching lion that no one dares rouse.
Supported by Matthew Henry
The ultimate messianic fulfillment of the Star rising out of Jacob as the Morning Star.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Historically fulfills the prediction that Edom would become a possession of Israel under King David.
Supported by JFB
Connects ships of Kittim with military affliction, matching Daniel's prophecy of western powers.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Refers back to the ordered arrangement of the tribes tenting around the tabernacle.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Demonstrates Saul's victory over Agag, showing Israel's king rising higher than Amalek's ruler.
Supported by JFB
Repeats the exact formula of God bringing them out of Egypt with the strength of a wild ox.
Supported by John Calvin
Balaam repeats his restriction: he cannot go beyond Yahweh's word for silver or gold.
Supported by John Calvin
The star seen by the wise men in the east heralds the King of the Jews.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Corresponds to God's decree that Amalek's remembrance would be utterly wiped out.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Parallels the language of majestic trees (cedars of Lebanon) which the Lord has planted.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Reveals the destructive advice Balaam gave to Balak before departing, causing Israel to sin.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Identifies the Kenites dwelling securely among Israel, illustrating their rock-like nesting place.
Supported by JFB
Records that Balaam did not simply depart in peace but was eventually slain among Midian.
Supported by JFB
Shows how an ungodly office-bearer (like Caiaphas) can be compelled to prophesy truly by God's Spirit.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Provides a biblical parallel of a prophet falling down in an ecstatic, involuntary state of prophecy.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Confirms that God refused to listen to Balaam and turned the intended curse into a blessing.
Supported by JFB
The physical action of smiting hands together as an expression of violent anger and vexation.
Supported by JFB