Jeremiah2
New International Version
1The word of the Lord came to me:
2“Go and proclaim in the hearing of Jerusalem: “This is what the Lord says: “‘I remember the devotion of your youth, how as a bride you loved me and followed me through the wilderness, through a land not sown.
3Israel was holy to the Lord, the firstfruits of his harvest; all who devoured her were held guilty, and disaster overtook them,’” declares the Lord.
4Hear the word of the Lord, you descendants of Jacob, all you clans of Israel.
5This is what the Lord says: “What fault did your ancestors find in me, that they strayed so far from me? They followed worthless idols and became worthless themselves.
6They did not ask, ‘Where is the Lord, who brought us up out of Egypt and led us through the barren wilderness, through a land of deserts and ravines, a land of drought and utter darkness, a land where no one travels and no one lives?’
7I brought you into a fertile land to eat its fruit and rich produce. But you came and defiled my land and made my inheritance detestable.
8The priests did not ask, ‘Where is the Lord?’ Those who deal with the law did not know me; the leaders rebelled against me. The prophets prophesied by Baal, following worthless idols.
9“Therefore I bring charges against you again,” declares the Lord. “And I will bring charges against your children’s children.
10Cross over to the coasts of Cyprus and look, send to Kedar and observe closely; see if there has ever been anything like this:
11Has a nation ever changed its gods? (Yet they are not gods at all.) But my people have exchanged their glorious God for worthless idols.
12Be appalled at this, you heavens, and shudder with great horror,” declares the Lord.
13“My people have committed two sins: They have forsaken me, the spring of living water, and have dug their own cisterns, broken cisterns that cannot hold water.
14Is Israel a servant, a slave by birth? Why then has he become plunder?
15Lions have roared; they have growled at him. They have laid waste his land; his towns are burned and deserted.
16Also, the men of Memphis and Tahpanhes have cracked your skull.
17Have you not brought this on yourselves by forsaking the Lord your God when he led you in the way?
18Now why go to Egypt to drink water from the Nile? And why go to Assyria to drink water from the Euphrates?
19Your wickedness will punish you; your backsliding will rebuke you. Consider then and realize how evil and bitter it is for you when you forsake the Lord your God and have no awe of me,” declares the Lord, the Lord Almighty.
20“Long ago you broke off your yoke and tore off your bonds; you said, ‘I will not serve you!’ Indeed, on every high hill and under every spreading tree you lay down as a prostitute.
21I had planted you like a choice vine of sound and reliable stock. How then did you turn against me into a corrupt, wild vine?
22Although you wash yourself with soap and use an abundance of cleansing powder, the stain of your guilt is still before me,” declares the Sovereign Lord.
23“How can you say, ‘I am not defiled; I have not run after the Baals’? See how you behaved in the valley; consider what you have done. You are a swift she-camel running here and there,
24a wild donkey accustomed to the desert, sniffing the wind in her craving— in her heat who can restrain her? Any males that pursue her need not tire themselves; at mating time they will find her.
25Do not run until your feet are bare and your throat is dry. But you said, ‘It’s no use! I love foreign gods, and I must go after them.’
26“As a thief is disgraced when he is caught, so the people of Israel are disgraced— they, their kings and their officials, their priests and their prophets.
27They say to wood, ‘You are my father,’ and to stone, ‘You gave me birth.’ They have turned their backs to me and not their faces; yet when they are in trouble, they say, ‘Come and save us!’
28Where then are the gods you made for yourselves? Let them come if they can save you when you are in trouble! For you, Judah, have as many gods as you have towns.
29“Why do you bring charges against me? You have all rebelled against me,” declares the Lord.
30“In vain I punished your people; they did not respond to correction. Your sword has devoured your prophets like a ravenous lion.
31“You of this generation, consider the word of the Lord: “Have I been a desert to Israel or a land of great darkness? Why do my people say, ‘We are free to roam; we will come to you no more’?
32Does a young woman forget her jewelry, a bride her wedding ornaments? Yet my people have forgotten me, days without number.
33How skilled you are at pursuing love! Even the worst of women can learn from your ways.
34On your clothes is found the lifeblood of the innocent poor, though you did not catch them breaking in. Yet in spite of all this
35you say, ‘I am innocent; he is not angry with me.’ But I will pass judgment on you because you say, ‘I have not sinned.’
36Why do you go about so much, changing your ways? You will be disappointed by Egypt as you were by Assyria.
37You will also leave that place with your hands on your head, for the Lord has rejected those you trust; you will not be helped by them.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Jeremiah 2.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: God expostulates with his people. (1-8). Their revolt beyond example. (9-13). Guilt the cause of sufferings. (14-19). The sins of Judah. (20-28). Their false confidence. (29-37).
vv1-8
Those who begin well, but do not persevere, will justly be upbraided with their hopeful and promising beginnings. Those who desert religion, commonly oppose it more than those who never knew it. For this they could have no excuse. God's spiritual Israel must own their obligations to him for safe conduct through the wilderness of this world, so dangerous to the soul. Alas, that many, who once appeared devoted to the Lord, so live that their professions aggravate their crimes! Let us be careful that we do not lose in zeal and fervency, as we gain knowledge.
vv9-13
Before God punishes sinners, he pleads with them, to bring them to repentance. He pleads with us, what we should plead with ourselves. Be afraid to think of the wrath and curse which will be the portion of those who throw themselves out of God's grace and favour. Grace in Christ is compared to water from a fountain, it being cooling and refreshing, cleansing and making fruitful: to living water, because it quickens dead sinners, revives drooping saints, supports and maintains spiritual life, and issues in eternal life, and is ever-flowing. To forsake this Fountain is the first evil; this is done when the people of God neglect his word and ordinances. They hewed them out broken cisterns, that could hold no water. Such are the world, and the things in it; such are the inventions of men when followed and depended on. Let us, with purpose of heart, cleave to the Lord only; whither else shall we go? How prone are we to forego the consolations of the Holy Spirit, for the worthless joys of the enthusiast and hypocrite!
vv14-19
Is Israel a servant? No, they are the seed of Abraham. We may apply this spiritually: Is the soul of man a slave? No, it is not; but has sold its own liberty, and enslaved itself to divers lusts and passions. The Assyrian princes, like lions, prevailed against Israel. People from Egypt destroyed their glory and strength. They brought these calamities on themselves by departing from the Lord. The use and application of this is, Repent of thy sin, that thy correction may not be thy ruin. What has a Christian to do in the ways of forbidden pleasure or vain sinful mirth, or with the pursuits of covetousness and ambition?
Key Words
דָּבָר: a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
אָמַר: to say (used with great latitude)
הָלַךְ: to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
אֹזֶן: broadness. i.e. (concrete) the ear (from its form in man)
יְרוּשָׁלַ͏ִם: Jerushalaim or Jerushalem, the capital city of Palestine
כֹּה: properly, like this, i.e. by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now
זָכַר: properly, to mark (so as to be recognized), i.e. to remember; by implication, to mention; to be male
חֵסֵד: kindness; by implication (towards God) piety; rarely (by opposition) reproof, or (subject.) beauty
נָעוּר: (only in plural collectively or emphatic form) youth, the state (juvenility) or the persons (young people)
אַהֲבָה: {affection (in a good or a bad sense)}
Cross References
Jeremiah 2Direct parallel detailing the terrors of the wilderness (deserts, pits, drought, shadow of death) God led them through.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Establishes Israel's covenant position as 'holiness unto the Lord' and a peculiar treasure.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Further defines Israel as a holy nation consecrated to Yahweh's service.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
God challenges His people to find any injustice or iniquity in Him to justify their rebellion.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Prophetic verbal echoes of the historical question, 'Where is He that brought them up out of Egypt?'
Supported by JFB
Depicts God's early covenant with Israel under the intimate metaphor of marriage/espousals.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The Mosaic warning that pursuing 'vanity' (worthless idols) makes the worshippers themselves vain.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Contrast between Israel's unjust defection and Yahweh's perfect, iniquity-free character.
Supported by JFB
Parallel prophetic trial ('pleading') where God asks what weariness or wrong Israel found in Him.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The tragic reality of God's chosen people refusing to listen and rejecting their own Glory.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The classic vineyard parable: planting a choice vine which disappointingly yields wild, degenerate grapes.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
New Testament fulfillment showing the spiritual Israel as the firstfruits of God's creatures.
Supported by JFB
Verbal link showing that those who follow lying vanities forsake their own mercy.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Christ fulfills the metaphor of the 'fountain of living waters' as opposed to dry cisterns.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Yahweh mockingly asks where the false gods are to whom Israel ran for protection.
Supported by Matthew Poole