Jeremiah 3NIV
Books
All books

Jeremiah3

New International Version

1“If a man divorces his wife and she leaves him and marries another man, should he return to her again? Would not the land be completely defiled? But you have lived as a prostitute with many lovers— would you now return to me?” declares the Lord.

2“Look up to the barren heights and see. Is there any place where you have not been ravished? By the roadside you sat waiting for lovers, sat like a nomad in the desert. You have defiled the land with your prostitution and wickedness.

3Therefore the showers have been withheld, and no spring rains have fallen. Yet you have the brazen look of a prostitute; you refuse to blush with shame.

4Have you not just called to me: ‘My Father, my friend from my youth,

5will you always be angry? Will your wrath continue forever?’ This is how you talk, but you do all the evil you can.”

6During the reign of King Josiah, the Lord said to me, “Have you seen what faithless Israel has done? She has gone up on every high hill and under every spreading tree and has committed adultery there.

7I thought that after she had done all this she would return to me but she did not, and her unfaithful sister Judah saw it.

8I gave faithless Israel her certificate of divorce and sent her away because of all her adulteries. Yet I saw that her unfaithful sister Judah had no fear; she also went out and committed adultery.

9Because Israel’s immorality mattered so little to her, she defiled the land and committed adultery with stone and wood.

10In spite of all this, her unfaithful sister Judah did not return to me with all her heart, but only in pretense,” declares the Lord.

11The Lord said to me, “Faithless Israel is more righteous than unfaithful Judah.

12Go, proclaim this message toward the north: “‘Return, faithless Israel,’ declares the Lord, ‘I will frown on you no longer, for I am faithful,’ declares the Lord, ‘I will not be angry forever.

13Only acknowledge your guilt— you have rebelled against the Lord your God, you have scattered your favors to foreign gods under every spreading tree, and have not obeyed me,’” declares the Lord.

14“Return, faithless people,” declares the Lord, “for I am your husband. I will choose you—one from a town and two from a clan—and bring you to Zion.

15Then I will give you shepherds after my own heart, who will lead you with knowledge and understanding.

16In those days, when your numbers have increased greatly in the land,” declares the Lord, “people will no longer say, ‘The ark of the covenant of the Lord.’ It will never enter their minds or be remembered; it will not be missed, nor will another one be made.

17At that time they will call Jerusalem The Throne of the Lord, and all nations will gather in Jerusalem to honor the name of the Lord. No longer will they follow the stubbornness of their evil hearts.

18In those days the people of Judah will join the people of Israel, and together they will come from a northern land to the land I gave your ancestors as an inheritance.

19“I myself said, “‘How gladly would I treat you like my children and give you a pleasant land, the most beautiful inheritance of any nation.’ I thought you would call me ‘Father’ and not turn away from following me.

20But like a woman unfaithful to her husband, so you, Israel, have been unfaithful to me,” declares the Lord.

21A cry is heard on the barren heights, the weeping and pleading of the people of Israel, because they have perverted their ways and have forgotten the Lord their God.

22“Return, faithless people; I will cure you of backsliding.” “Yes, we will come to you, for you are the Lord our God.

23Surely the idolatrous commotion on the hills and mountains is a deception; surely in the Lord our God is the salvation of Israel.

24From our youth shameful gods have consumed the fruits of our ancestors’ labor— their flocks and herds, their sons and daughters.

25Let us lie down in our shame, and let our disgrace cover us. We have sinned against the Lord our God, both we and our ancestors; from our youth till this day we have not obeyed the Lord our God.”

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Jeremiah 3.

Full AI study →

Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Exhortations to repentance. (1-5). Judah more guilty than Israel. (6-11). But pardon is promised. (12-20). The children of Israel express their sorrow and repentance. (21-25).

vv1-5

In repentance, it is good to think upon the sins of which we have been guilty, and the places and companies where they have been committed. How gently the Lord had corrected them! In receiving penitents, he is God, and not man. Whatever thou hast said or done hitherto, wilt thou not from this time apply to me? Will not this grace of God overcome thee? Now pardon is proclaimed, wilt thou not take the benefit? They will hope to find in him the tender compassions of a Father towards a returning prodigal. They will come to him as the Guide of their youth: youth needs a guide. Repenting sinners may encourage themselves that God will not keep his anger to the end. All God's mercies, in every age, suggest encouragement; and what can be so desirable for the young, as to have the Lord for their Father, and the Guide of their youth? Let parents daily direct their children earnestly to seek this blessing.

vv6-11

If we mark the crimes of those who break off from a religious profession, and the consequences, we see abundant reason to shun evil ways. It is dreadful to be proved more criminal than those who have actually perished in their sins; yet it will be small comfort in everlasting punishment, for them to know that others were viler than they.

vv12-20

See God's readiness to pardon sin, and the blessings reserved for gospel times. These words were proclaimed toward the north; to Israel, the ten tribes, captive in Assyria. They are directed how to return. If we confess our sins, the Lord is faithful and just to forgive them. These promises are fully to come to pass in the bringing back the Jews in after-ages. God will graciously receive those that return to him; and by his grace, he takes them out from among the rest. The ark of the covenant was not found after the captivity. The whole of that dispensation was to be done away, which took place after the multitude of believers had been greatly increased by the conversion of the Gentiles, and of the Israelites scattered among them. A happy state of the church is foretold. He can teach all to call him Father; but without thorough change of heart and life, no man can be a child of God, and we have no security for not departing from Him.

Cross References

Jeremiah 3

Jeremiah explicitly alludes to the Mosaic law prohibiting a husband from returning to a divorced, remarried wife.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin, JFB

v1Isaiah 50:1thematic

Parallels the metaphor of divorcement and whether God has formally put away His covenant people.

Supported by John Calvin, JFB

v3Leviticus 26:19thematic

The withholding of showers and rain acts as the covenantal curse for spiritual rebellion.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v82 Kings 17:6-18thematic

Historical record of the captivity of Israel, which serves as Judah's warning example here.

Supported by JFB

v11Ezekiel 16:51thematic

Direct parallel showing how Samaria/Israel is comparatively more 'justified' than treacherous, hypocritical Judah.

Supported by JFB

v1Zechariah 1:3thematic

The prophetic call to 'return unto me' with the reciprocal promise 'I will return unto you.'

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

Illustrates that Judah's reformation under Josiah was superficial and 'feigned' on the people's part.

Supported by JFB

v12Jeremiah 31:20thematic

Echoes God's deep paternal compassion and willingness to forgive returning Ephraim/Israel.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v151 Samuel 13:14thematic

Parallels the promise of 'pastors according to mine heart,' matching the Davidic ideal.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v4Proverbs 2:17allusion

The Hebrew 'guide of youth' denotes a husband, reinforcing the marital covenant imagery.

Supported by JFB

v5Psalms 103:9thematic

Directly answers the question of whether God will reserve His anger forever.

Supported by JFB

v8Ezekiel 23:11thematic

Extensive prophetic allegory of two sisters, Aholah and Aholibah, representing Israel and Judah.

Supported by JFB

v22Hosea 14:4thematic

Echoes the divine promise: 'I will heal their backslidings, I will love them freely.'

Supported by Matthew Henry

v4Jeremiah 3:19thematic

Internal verbal parallel linking the call of 'My father' with returning to sonship.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v22Ezekiel 36:25thematic

Illustrates the New Covenant healing and cleansing that enables the true return of the people.

Supported by Matthew Henry