Ezekiel 29NLT
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Ezekiel29

New Living Translation

1On January 7, during the tenth year of King Jehoiachin’s captivity, this message came to me from the Lord:

2“Son of man, turn and face Egypt and prophesy against Pharaoh the king and all the people of Egypt.

3Give them this message from the Sovereign Lord: “I am your enemy, O Pharaoh, king of Egypt— you great monster, lurking in the streams of the Nile. For you have said, ‘The Nile River is mine; I made it for myself.’

4I will put hooks in your jaws and drag you out on the land with fish sticking to your scales.

5I will leave you and all your fish stranded in the wilderness to die. You will lie unburied on the open ground, for I have given you as food to the wild animals and birds.

6All the people of Egypt will know that I am the Lord, for to Israel you were just a staff made of reeds.

7When Israel leaned on you, you splintered and broke and stabbed her in the armpit. When she put her weight on you, you collapsed, and her legs gave way.

8“Therefore, this is what the Sovereign Lord says: I will bring an army against you, O Egypt, and destroy both people and animals.

9The land of Egypt will become a desolate wasteland, and the Egyptians will know that I am the Lord. “Because you said, ‘The Nile River is mine; I made it,’

10I am now the enemy of both you and your river. I will make the land of Egypt a totally desolate wasteland, from Migdol to Aswan, as far south as the border of Ethiopia.

11For forty years not a soul will pass that way, neither people nor animals. It will be completely uninhabited.

12I will make Egypt desolate, and it will be surrounded by other desolate nations. Its cities will be empty and desolate for forty years, surrounded by other ruined cities. I will scatter the Egyptians to distant lands.

13“But this is what the Sovereign Lord also says: At the end of the forty years I will bring the Egyptians home again from the nations to which they have been scattered.

14I will restore the prosperity of Egypt and bring its people back to the land of Pathros in southern Egypt from which they came. But Egypt will remain an unimportant, minor kingdom.

15It will be the lowliest of all the nations, never again great enough to rise above its neighbors.

16“Then Israel will no longer be tempted to trust in Egypt for help. Egypt’s shattered condition will remind Israel of how sinful she was to trust Egypt in earlier days. Then Israel will know that I am the Sovereign Lord.”

17On April 26, the first day of the new year, during the twenty-seventh year of King Jehoiachin’s captivity, this message came to me from the Lord:

18“Son of man, the army of King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon fought so hard against Tyre that the warriors’ heads were rubbed bare and their shoulders were raw and blistered. Yet Nebuchadnezzar and his army won no plunder to compensate them for all their work.

19Therefore, this is what the Sovereign Lord says: I will give the land of Egypt to Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon. He will carry off its wealth, plundering everything it has so he can pay his army.

20Yes, I have given him the land of Egypt as a reward for his work, says the Sovereign Lord, because he was working for me when he destroyed Tyre.

21“And the day will come when I will cause the ancient glory of Israel to revive, and then, Ezekiel, your words will be respected. Then they will know that I am the Lord.”

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Ezekiel 29.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The desolation of Egypt. (1-16). Also a promise of mercy to Israel. (17-21).

vv1-16

Worldly, carnal minds pride themselves in their property, forgetting that whatever we have, we received it from God, and should use it for God. Why, then, do we boast? Self is the great idol which all the world worships, in contempt of God and his sovereignty. God can force men out of that in which they are most secure and easy. Such a one, and all that cleave to him, shall perish together. Thus end men's pride, presumption, and carnal security. The Lord is against those who do harm to his people, and still more against those who lead them into sin. Egypt shall be a kingdom again, but it shall be the basest of the kingdoms; it shall have little wealth and power. History shows the complete fulfilment of this prophecy. God, not only in justice, but in wisdom and goodness to us, breaks the creature-stays on which we lean, that they may be no more our confidence.

vv17-21

The besiegers of Tyre obtained little plunder. But when God employs ambitious or covetous men, he will recompense them according to the desires of their hearts; for every man shall have his reward. God had mercy in store for the house of Israel soon after. The history of nations best explains ancient prophecies. All events fulfil the Scriptures. Thus, in the deepest scenes of adversity, the Lord sows the seed of our future prosperity. Happy are those who desire his favour, grace, and image; they will delight in his service, and not covet any earthly recompence; and the blessings they have chosen shall be sure to them for ever.

Cross References

Ezekiel 29
v6Isaiah 36:6allusion

Direct verbal echo of Egypt as a broken staff of reed that pierces the hand leaning on it.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v2Jeremiah 44:30fulfillment

Explicit fulfillment where God promises to deliver Pharaoh Hophra (Apries) into the hands of his enemies.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v4Isaiah 37:29allusion

Verbal parallel of putting hooks in jaws to drag down proud, rebellious rulers.

Supported by JFB

v3Isaiah 51:9thematic

Identifies the Egyptian ruler metaphorically as the great dragon or monster of the waters.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v3Daniel 4:30thematic

Parallels Pharaoh's proud boast ('I made it for myself') with Nebuchadnezzar's pride.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v18Ezekiel 26:7-12thematic

Details Nebuchadnezzar's long, grueling siege against Tyre for which his army received no spoils.

Supported by JFB

v19Jeremiah 43:10-13fulfillment

Prophetic fulfillment showing Nebuchadnezzar invading Egypt, taking its spoil, and executing judgment.

Supported by JFB

v5Ezekiel 32:4-6thematic

Expands the imagery of the slain Egyptian monster left on open fields for beasts.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v14Ezekiel 30:13-17thematic

Further details on the specific geographic locations of Egypt's judgment, including Pathros.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v21Psalms 132:17thematic

Thematic parallel to making the horn of Israel to bud, representing messianic hope and restoration.

Supported by JFB

v21Ezekiel 24:27thematic

Parallels the promise of giving Ezekiel 'the opening of the mouth' in the midst of them.

Supported by JFB

Historical account of Israel's false trust in Egypt, which briefly raised the Babylonian siege.

Supported by JFB

v13Isaiah 19:22thematic

Parallels the eventual healing and return of mercy promised to Egypt after judgment.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v14Ezekiel 17:14thematic

Parallels the decree that Egypt would become a base kingdom kept low so as not to rise.

Supported by JFB

v20Isaiah 45:1-3thematic

Thematic parallel of God employing pagan rulers (Cyrus/Nebuchadnezzar) and rewarding them for service.

Supported by Matthew Henry