Jeremiah43
New Living Translation
1When Jeremiah had finished giving this message from the Lord their God to all the people,
2Azariah son of Hoshaiah and Johanan son of Kareah and all the other proud men said to Jeremiah, “You lie! The Lord our God hasn’t forbidden us to go to Egypt!
3Baruch son of Neriah has convinced you to say this, because he wants us to stay here and be killed by the Babylonians or be carried off into exile.”
4So Johanan and the other military leaders and all the people refused to obey the Lord’s command to stay in Judah.
5Johanan and the other leaders took with them all the people who had returned from the nearby countries to which they had fled.
6In the crowd were men, women, and children, the king’s daughters, and all those whom Nebuzaradan, the captain of the guard, had left with Gedaliah. The prophet Jeremiah and Baruch were also included.
7The people refused to obey the voice of the Lord and went to Egypt, going as far as the city of Tahpanhes.
8Then at Tahpanhes, the Lord gave another message to Jeremiah. He said,
9“While the people of Judah are watching, take some large rocks and bury them under the pavement stones at the entrance of Pharaoh’s palace here in Tahpanhes.
10Then say to the people of Judah, ‘This is what the Lord of Heaven’s Armies, the God of Israel, says: I will certainly bring my servant Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, here to Egypt. I will set his throne over these stones that I have hidden. He will spread his royal canopy over them.
11And when he comes, he will destroy the land of Egypt. He will bring death to those destined for death, captivity to those destined for captivity, and war to those destined for war.
12He will set fire to the temples of Egypt’s gods; he will burn the temples and carry the idols away as plunder. He will pick clean the land of Egypt as a shepherd picks fleas from his cloak. And he himself will leave unharmed.
13He will break down the sacred pillars standing in the temple of the sun in Egypt, and he will burn down the temples of Egypt’s gods.’”
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Jeremiah 43.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The leaders carry the people to Egypt. (1-7). Jeremiah foretells the conquest of Egypt. (8-13).
vv1-7
Only by pride comes contention, both with God and man. They preferred their own wisdom to the revealed will of God. Men deny the Scriptures to be the word of God, because they are resolved not to conform themselves to Scripture rules. When men will persist in sin, they charge the best actions to bad motives. These Jews deserted their own land, and threw themselves out of God's protection. It is the folly of men, that they often ruin themselves by wrong endeavours to mend their situation.
vv8-13
God can find his people wherever they are. The Spirit of prophecy was not confined to the land of Israel. It is foretold that Nebuchadnezzar should destroy and carry into captivity many of the Egyptians. Thus God makes one wicked man, or wicked nation, a scourge and plague to another. He will punish those who deceive his professing people, or tempt them to rebellion.
Key Words
יִרְמְיָה: Jirmejah, the name of eight or nine Israelites
כָּלָה: to end, whether intransitive (to cease, be finished, perish) or transitived (to complete, prepare, consume)
דָבַר: perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
כֹּל: properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
עַם: a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
אֵלֶּה: these or those
דָּבָר: a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
אֱלֹהִים: gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference to magistrates; and sometimes as a superlative
אֲשֶׁר: who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.
שָׁלַח: to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
Cross References
Jeremiah 43Ezekiel explicitly prophesies Nebuchadnezzar being given Egypt as wages for his service to God.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Repeats exact tripartite formula of judgment: 'such as are for death to death; and such for captivity...'
Supported by JFB
Direct parallel for the vivid dressing metaphor where conqueror arrays himself with a land.
Supported by JFB
Traces the previous capture of 'the king's daughters' under Ishmael, now forced into Egypt.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Direct violation of their earlier hypocritical vow not to enter Egypt to find safety.
Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin
Highlights the specific designation of Nebuchadnezzar as Yahweh's 'servant' to execute divine judgment.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Identifies the 'remnant of Judah' that had gathered from all nations, now fleeing to Egypt.
Supported by JFB
Mentions Tahpanhes earlier in Jeremiah as a source of Israel's spiritual degradation and shame.
Supported by JFB
Parallels Jeremiah's previous physical sign acts of hiding an object (linen girdle) under rocks.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Establishes Baruch's prominent role as Jeremiah's scribe, drawing the leaders' intense suspicion.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Provides historical background on the Egyptian queen Tahpenes, linked to the city's naming.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Typological echo of God executing judgment directly upon the helpless false gods of Egypt.
Supported by JFB
Ezekiel parallels Jeremiah's prophecy of the destruction of Egyptian idols and images.
Supported by JFB
Connects the brickkiln sign at Pharaoh's house to the eventual fall of Pharaoh-hophra.
Supported by JFB