1 Kings 10NLT
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1 Kings10

New Living Translation

1When the queen of Sheba heard of Solomon’s fame, which brought honor to the name of the Lord, she came to test him with hard questions.

2She arrived in Jerusalem with a large group of attendants and a great caravan of camels loaded with spices, large quantities of gold, and precious jewels. When she met with Solomon, she talked with him about everything she had on her mind.

3Solomon had answers for all her questions; nothing was too hard for the king to explain to her.

4When the queen of Sheba realized how very wise Solomon was, and when she saw the palace he had built,

5she was overwhelmed. She was also amazed at the food on his tables, the organization of his officials and their splendid clothing, the cup-bearers, and the burnt offerings Solomon made at the Temple of the Lord.

6She exclaimed to the king, “Everything I heard in my country about your achievements and wisdom is true!

7I didn’t believe what was said until I arrived here and saw it with my own eyes. In fact, I had not heard the half of it! Your wisdom and prosperity are far beyond what I was told.

8How happy your people must be! What a privilege for your officials to stand here day after day, listening to your wisdom!

9Praise the Lord your God, who delights in you and has placed you on the throne of Israel. Because of the Lord’s eternal love for Israel, he has made you king so you can rule with justice and righteousness.”

10Then she gave the king a gift of 9,000 pounds of gold, great quantities of spices, and precious jewels. Never again were so many spices brought in as those the queen of Sheba gave to King Solomon.

11(In addition, Hiram’s ships brought gold from Ophir, and they also brought rich cargoes of red sandalwood and precious jewels.

12The king used the sandalwood to make railings for the Temple of the Lord and the royal palace, and to construct lyres and harps for the musicians. Never before or since has there been such a supply of sandalwood.)

13King Solomon gave the queen of Sheba whatever she asked for, besides all the customary gifts he had so generously given. Then she and all her attendants returned to their own land.

14Each year Solomon received about 25 tons of gold.

15This did not include the additional revenue he received from merchants and traders, all the kings of Arabia, and the governors of the land.

16King Solomon made 200 large shields of hammered gold, each weighing more than fifteen pounds.

17He also made 300 smaller shields of hammered gold, each weighing nearly four pounds. The king placed these shields in the Palace of the Forest of Lebanon.

18Then the king made a huge throne, decorated with ivory and overlaid with fine gold.

19The throne had six steps and a rounded back. There were armrests on both sides of the seat, and the figure of a lion stood on each side of the throne.

20There were also twelve other lions, one standing on each end of the six steps. No other throne in all the world could be compared with it!

21All of King Solomon’s drinking cups were solid gold, as were all the utensils in the Palace of the Forest of Lebanon. They were not made of silver, for silver was considered worthless in Solomon’s day!

22The king had a fleet of trading ships of Tarshish that sailed with Hiram’s fleet. Once every three years the ships returned, loaded with gold, silver, ivory, apes, and peacocks.

23So King Solomon became richer and wiser than any other king on earth.

24People from every nation came to consult him and to hear the wisdom God had given him.

25Year after year everyone who visited brought him gifts of silver and gold, clothing, weapons, spices, horses, and mules.

26Solomon built up a huge force of chariots and horses. He had 1,400 chariots and 12,000 horses. He stationed some of them in the chariot cities and some near him in Jerusalem.

27The king made silver as plentiful in Jerusalem as stone. And valuable cedar timber was as common as the sycamore-fig trees that grow in the foothills of Judah.

28Solomon’s horses were imported from Egypt and from Cilicia; the king’s traders acquired them from Cilicia at the standard price.

29At that time chariots from Egypt could be purchased for 600 pieces of silver, and horses for 150 pieces of silver. They were then exported to the kings of the Hittites and the kings of Aram.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 1 Kings 10.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The queen of Sheba's visit to Solomon. (1–13). Solomon's wealth. (14–29).

vv1-13

The queen of Sheba came to Solomon to hear his wisdom, thereby to improve her own. Our Saviour mentions her inquiries after God, by Solomon, as showing the stupidity of those who inquire not after God, by our Lord Jesus Christ. By waiting and prayer, by diligently searching the Scriptures, by consulting wise and experienced Christians, and by practising what we have learned, we shall be delivered from difficulties. Solomon's wisdom made more impression upon the queen of Sheba than all his prosperity and grandeur. There is a spiritual excellence in heavenly things, and in consistent Christians, to which no reports can do justice. Here the truth exceeded; and all who, through grace, are brought to commune with God, will say the one half was not told them of the pleasures and the advantages of wisdom's ways. Glorified saints, much more, will say of heaven, that the thousandth part was not told them, 1Co 2:9. She pronounced them happy that constantly attended Solomon. With much more reason may we say of Christ's servants, Blessed are they that dwell in his house; they will be still praising him. She made a noble present to Solomon. What we present to Christ, he needs not, but will have us do so to express our gratitude. The believer who has been with Jesus, will return to his station, discharge his duties with readiness, and from better motives; looking forward to the day when, being absent from the body, he shall be present with the Lord.

vv14-29

Solomon increased his wealth. Silver was nothing accounted of. Such is the nature of worldly wealth, plenty of it makes it the less valuable; much more should the enjoyment of spiritual riches lessen our esteem of all earthly possessions. If gold in abundance makes silver to be despised, shall not wisdom, and grace, and the foretastes of heaven, which are far better than gold, make gold to be lightly esteemed? See in Solomon's greatness the performance of God's promise, and let it encourage us to seek first the righteousness of God's kingdom. This was he, who, having tasted all earthly enjoyments, wrote a book, to show the vanity of all worldly things, the vexation of spirit that attends them, and the folly of setting our hearts upon them: and to recommend serious godliness, as that which will do unspeakably more to make us happy, that all the wealth and power he was master of; and, through the grace of God, it is within our reach.

Cross References

1 Kings 10
v1Matthew 12:42allusion

Jesus cites the Queen of Sheba seeking Solomon's wisdom to condemn the Jews' unbelief.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

The direct parallel account of the Queen of Sheba's visit to Solomon.

Supported by JFB

v1Luke 11:31allusion

Parallel Gospel reference to the Queen of the South rising in judgment.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v231 Kings 3:12fulfillment

Fulfills God's promise to give Solomon unprecedented wisdom and riches.

Supported by Matthew Henry

Solomon's gathering of chariots and horses directly violates God's law for kings.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v1Psalms 72:10typology

Prophetic fulfillment of kings of Sheba and Seba bringing gifts to the Messianic King.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v2Matthew 2:11typology

The magi presenting gold and frankincense typologically echoes Sheba's royal tribute.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v52 Kings 16:18thematic

Highlights the special architectural ascent/entryway to the Temple that amazed the queen.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

Saints in heaven will find the reality far exceeds any earthly reports.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v91 Kings 5:7thematic

Parallels Hiram's blessing of Yahweh for giving David a wise son.

Supported by JFB

v161 Kings 14:26-28contrast

Solomon's golden shields are later captured by Shishak of Egypt under Rehoboam.

Supported by JFB

v1Isaiah 60:6typology

Prophecy of nations coming from Sheba bearing gold and incense praising Yahweh.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v111 Kings 9:28thematic

Establishes the background of the joint Ophir fleet bringing gold.

Supported by JFB

Parallel account detailing Solomon's accumulation of silver, chariots, and horses.

Supported by JFB

Warns kings against multiplying gold and silver excessively.

Supported by Matthew Henry