Matthew 12NLT
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Matthew12

New Living Translation

1At about that time Jesus was walking through some grainfields on the Sabbath. His disciples were hungry, so they began breaking off some heads of grain and eating them.

2But some Pharisees saw them do it and protested, “Look, your disciples are breaking the law by harvesting grain on the Sabbath.”

3Jesus said to them, “Haven’t you read in the Scriptures what David did when he and his companions were hungry?

4He went into the house of God, and he and his companions broke the law by eating the sacred loaves of bread that only the priests are allowed to eat.

5And haven’t you read in the law of Moses that the priests on duty in the Temple may work on the Sabbath?

6I tell you, there is one here who is even greater than the Temple!

7But you would not have condemned my innocent disciples if you knew the meaning of this Scripture: ‘I want you to show mercy, not offer sacrifices.’

8For the Son of Man is Lord, even over the Sabbath!”

9Then Jesus went over to their synagogue,

10where he noticed a man with a deformed hand. The Pharisees asked Jesus, “Does the law permit a person to work by healing on the Sabbath?” (They were hoping he would say yes, so they could bring charges against him.)

11And he answered, “If you had a sheep that fell into a well on the Sabbath, wouldn’t you work to pull it out? Of course you would.

12And how much more valuable is a person than a sheep! Yes, the law permits a person to do good on the Sabbath.”

13Then he said to the man, “Hold out your hand.” So the man held out his hand, and it was restored, just like the other one!

14Then the Pharisees called a meeting to plot how to kill Jesus.

15But Jesus knew what they were planning. So he left that area, and many people followed him. He healed all the sick among them,

16but he warned them not to reveal who he was.

17This fulfilled the prophecy of Isaiah concerning him:

18“Look at my Servant, whom I have chosen. He is my Beloved, who pleases me. I will put my Spirit upon him, and he will proclaim justice to the nations.

19He will not fight or shout or raise his voice in public.

20He will not crush the weakest reed or put out a flickering candle. Finally he will cause justice to be victorious.

21And his name will be the hope of all the world.”

22Then a demon-possessed man, who was blind and couldn’t speak, was brought to Jesus. He healed the man so that he could both speak and see.

23The crowd was amazed and asked, “Could it be that Jesus is the Son of David, the Messiah?”

24But when the Pharisees heard about the miracle, they said, “No wonder he can cast out demons. He gets his power from Satan, the prince of demons.”

25Jesus knew their thoughts and replied, “Any kingdom divided by civil war is doomed. A town or family splintered by feuding will fall apart.

26And if Satan is casting out Satan, he is divided and fighting against himself. His own kingdom will not survive.

27And if I am empowered by Satan, what about your own exorcists? They cast out demons, too, so they will condemn you for what you have said.

28But if I am casting out demons by the Spirit of God, then the Kingdom of God has arrived among you.

29For who is powerful enough to enter the house of a strong man and plunder his goods? Only someone even stronger—someone who could tie him up and then plunder his house.

30“Anyone who isn’t with me opposes me, and anyone who isn’t working with me is actually working against me.

31“So I tell you, every sin and blasphemy can be forgiven—except blasphemy against the Holy Spirit, which will never be forgiven.

32Anyone who speaks against the Son of Man can be forgiven, but anyone who speaks against the Holy Spirit will never be forgiven, either in this world or in the world to come.

33“A tree is identified by its fruit. If a tree is good, its fruit will be good. If a tree is bad, its fruit will be bad.

34You brood of snakes! How could evil men like you speak what is good and right? For whatever is in your heart determines what you say.

35A good person produces good things from the treasury of a good heart, and an evil person produces evil things from the treasury of an evil heart.

36And I tell you this, you must give an account on judgment day for every idle word you speak.

37The words you say will either acquit you or condemn you.”

38One day some teachers of religious law and Pharisees came to Jesus and said, “Teacher, we want you to show us a miraculous sign to prove your authority.”

39But Jesus replied, “Only an evil, adulterous generation would demand a miraculous sign; but the only sign I will give them is the sign of the prophet Jonah.

40For as Jonah was in the belly of the great fish for three days and three nights, so will the Son of Man be in the heart of the earth for three days and three nights.

41“The people of Nineveh will stand up against this generation on judgment day and condemn it, for they repented of their sins at the preaching of Jonah. Now someone greater than Jonah is here—but you refuse to repent.

42The queen of Sheba will also stand up against this generation on judgment day and condemn it, for she came from a distant land to hear the wisdom of Solomon. Now someone greater than Solomon is here—but you refuse to listen.

43“When an evil spirit leaves a person, it goes into the desert, seeking rest but finding none.

44Then it says, ‘I will return to the person I came from.’ So it returns and finds its former home empty, swept, and in order.

45Then the spirit finds seven other spirits more evil than itself, and they all enter the person and live there. And so that person is worse off than before. That will be the experience of this evil generation.”

46As Jesus was speaking to the crowd, his mother and brothers stood outside, asking to speak to him.

47Someone told Jesus, “Your mother and your brothers are standing outside, and they want to speak to you.”

48Jesus asked, “Who is my mother? Who are my brothers?”

49Then he pointed to his disciples and said, “Look, these are my mother and brothers.

50Anyone who does the will of my Father in heaven is my brother and sister and mother!”

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Matthew 12.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Jesus defends his disciples for plucking corn on the sabbath day. (1–8). Jesus heals a man with a withered hand on the sabbath. (9–13). The malice of the Pharisees. (14–21). Jesus heals a demoniac. (22–30). Blasphemy of the Pharisees. (31, 32). Evil words proceed from an evil heart. (33–37). The scribes and Pharisees reproved for seeking a sign. (38–45). The disciples of Christ are his nearest relations. (46–50).

vv1-8

Being in the corn-fields, the disciples began to pluck the ears of corn: the law of God allowed it, De 23:25. This was slender provision for Christ and his disciples; but they were content with it. The Pharisees did not quarrel with them for taking another man's corn, but for doing it on the sabbath day. Christ came to free his followers, not only from the corruptions of the Pharisees, but from their unscriptural rules, and justified what they did. The greatest shall not have their lusts indulged, but the meanest shall have their wants considered. Those labours are lawful on the sabbath day which are necessary, and sabbath rest is to froward, not to hinder sabbath worship. Needful provision for health and food is to be made; but when servants are kept at home, and families become a scene of hurry and confusion on the Lord's day, to furnish a feast for visitors, or for indulgence, the case is very different. Such things as these, and many others common among professors, are to be blamed. The resting on the sabbath was ordained for man's good, De 5:14. No law must be understood so as to contradict its own end. And as Christ is the Lord of the sabbath, it is fit the day and the work of it should be dedicated to him.

vv9-13

Christ shows that works of mercy are lawful and proper to be done on the Lord's day. There are more ways of doing well upon sabbath days, than by the duties of worship: attending the sick, relieving the poor, helping those who need speedy relief, teaching the young to care for their souls; these are doing good: and these must be done from love and charity, with humility and self-denial, and shall be accepted, Ge 4:7. This, like other cures which Christ wrought, had a spiritual meaning. By nature our hands are withered, and we are unable of ourselves to do any thing that is good. Christ only, by the power of his grace, cures us; he heals the withered hand by putting life into the dead soul, works in us both to will and to do: for, with the command, there is a promise of grace given by the word.

vv14-21

The Pharisees took counsel to find some accusation, that Jesus might be condemned to death. Aware of their design, as his time was not come, he retired from that place. Face does not more exactly answer to face in water, than the character of Christ drawn by the prophet, to his temper and conduct as described by the evangelists. Let us with cheerful confidence commit our souls to so kind and faithful a Friend. Far from breaking, he will strengthen the bruised reed; far from quenching the smoking flax, or wick nearly out, he will rather blow it up into a flame. Let us lay aside contentious and angry debates; let us receive one another as Christ receives us. And while encouraged by the gracious kindness of our Lord, we should pray that his Spirit may rest upon us, and make us able to copy his example.

Cross References

Matthew 12
v41 Samuel 21:6typology

David eating the consecrated shewbread when in need justifies Christ's disciples plucking corn on the Sabbath.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v17Isaiah 42:1-4fulfillment

Matthew explicitly cites this passage as fulfilled in Jesus' quiet, merciful, and non-contentious messianic ministry.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v40Jonah 1:17fulfillment

The precise type of Jonah's three days in the fish foreshadows Christ's burial and resurrection.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

The Mosaic law explicitly permitted plucking standing corn by hand, proving the disciples' act wasn't theft.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

The Levitical law regulating the preparation and consumption of the sacred shewbread exclusively by the priests.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v5Numbers 28:9thematic

The prescription of double offerings on the Sabbath, illustrating the priests' required temple work.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v28Luke 11:20thematic

Luke's parallel replaces 'Spirit of God' with 'finger of God', confirming the arrival of God's kingdom.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v42Luke 11:31thematic

Parallel account of the Queen of the South rising in judgment against this generation.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v421 Kings 10:1-13thematic

The historical account of the Queen of Sheba seeking Solomon's wisdom, contrasting with Pharisaic rejection.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v5John 7:22allusion

Jesus references Sabbath circumcision to prove certain ritual laws yield to higher divine commands.

Supported by JFB

v11Luke 14:5thematic

Jesus uses a similar Sabbath argument regarding rescuing an ox or donkey fallen into a pit.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v34Luke 6:45thematic

Parallel teaching that the mouth speaks out of the abundance of the heart's treasure.

Supported by John Calvin

v43Luke 11:24thematic

Parallel discourse regarding the return of an unclean spirit to an empty, swept house.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v46Mark 3:31-35thematic

Parallel account of Jesus defining his true spiritual family as those who do God's will.

Supported by Matthew Henry