2 Samuel15
World English Bible · Public Domain
1After this, Absalom prepared a chariot and horses for himself, and fifty men to run before him.
2Absalom rose up early, and stood beside the way of the gate. When any man had a suit which should come to the king for judgment, then Absalom called to him, and said, “What city are you from?” He said, “Your servant is of one of the tribes of Israel.”
3Absalom said to him, “Behold, your matters are good and right; but there is no man deputized by the king to hear you.”
4Absalom said moreover, “Oh that I were made judge in the land, that every man who has any suit or cause might come to me, and I would do him justice!”
5It was so, that when any man came near to bow down to him, he stretched out his hand, took hold of him, and kissed him.
6Absalom did this sort of thing to all Israel who came to the king for judgment. So Absalom stole the hearts of the men of Israel.
7At the end of forty years, Absalom said to the king, “Please let me go and pay my vow, which I have vowed to Yahweh, in Hebron.
8For your servant vowed a vow while I stayed at Geshur in Syria, saying, ‘If Yahweh shall indeed bring me again to Jerusalem, then I will serve Yahweh.’”
9The king said to him, “Go in peace.” So he arose and went to Hebron.
10But Absalom sent spies throughout all the tribes of Israel, saying, “As soon as you hear the sound of the trumpet, then you shall say, ‘Absalom is king in Hebron!’”
11Two hundred men went with Absalom out of Jerusalem, who were invited, and went in their simplicity; and they didn’t know anything.
12Absalom sent for Ahithophel the Gilonite, David’s counselor, from his city, even from Giloh, while he was offering the sacrifices. The conspiracy was strong, for the people increased continually with Absalom.
13A messenger came to David, saying, “The hearts of the men of Israel are after Absalom.”
14David said to all his servants who were with him at Jerusalem, “Arise! Let’s flee, or else none of us will escape from Absalom. Hurry to depart, lest he overtake us quickly and bring down evil on us, and strike the city with the edge of the sword.”
15The king’s servants said to the king, “Behold, your servants are ready to do whatever my lord the king chooses.”
16The king went out, and all his household after him. The king left ten women, who were concubines, to keep the house.
17The king went out, and all the people after him; and they stayed in Beth Merhak.
18All his servants passed on beside him; and all the Cherethites, and all the Pelethites, and all the Gittites, six hundred men who came after him from Gath, passed on before the king.
19Then the king said to Ittai the Gittite, “Why do you also go with us? Return, and stay with the king; for you are a foreigner and also an exile. Return to your own place.
20Whereas you came but yesterday, should I today make you go up and down with us, since I go where I may? Return, and take back your brothers. Mercy and truth be with you.”
21Ittai answered the king and said, “As Yahweh lives, and as my lord the king lives, surely in what place my lord the king is, whether for death or for life, your servant will be there also.”
22David said to Ittai, “Go and pass over.” Ittai the Gittite passed over, and all his men, and all the little ones who were with him.
23All the country wept with a loud voice, and all the people passed over. The king also himself passed over the brook Kidron, and all the people passed over toward the way of the wilderness.
24Behold, Zadok also came, and all the Levites with him, bearing the ark of the covenant of God; and they set down God’s ark; and Abiathar went up until all the people finished passing out of the city.
25The king said to Zadok, “Carry God’s ark back into the city. If I find favor in Yahweh’s eyes, he will bring me again, and show me both it and his habitation;
26but if he says, ‘I have no delight in you,’ behold, here I am. Let him do to me as seems good to him.”
27The king said also to Zadok the priest, “Aren’t you a seer? Return into the city in peace, and your two sons with you, Ahimaaz your son and Jonathan the son of Abiathar.
28Behold, I will stay at the fords of the wilderness until word comes from you to inform me.”
29Zadok therefore and Abiathar carried God’s ark to Jerusalem again; and they stayed there.
30David went up by the ascent of the Mount of Olives, and wept as he went up; and he had his head covered and went barefoot. All the people who were with him each covered his head, and they went up, weeping as they went up.
31Someone told David, saying, “Ahithophel is among the conspirators with Absalom.” David said, “Yahweh, please turn the counsel of Ahithophel into foolishness.”
32When David had come to the top, where God was worshiped, behold, Hushai the Archite came to meet him with his tunic torn and earth on his head.
33David said to him, “If you pass on with me, then you will be a burden to me;
34but if you return to the city, and tell Absalom, ‘I will be your servant, O king. As I have been your father’s servant in time past, so I will now be your servant; then will you defeat for me the counsel of Ahithophel.’
35Don’t you have Zadok and Abiathar the priests there with you? Therefore whatever you hear out of the king’s house, tell it to Zadok and Abiathar the priests.
36Behold, they have there with them their two sons, Ahimaaz, Zadok’s son, and Jonathan, Abiathar’s son. Send to me everything that you shall hear by them.”
37So Hushai, David’s friend, came into the city; and Absalom came into Jerusalem.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 2 Samuel 15.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Absalom's ambition. (1–6). His conspiracy. (7–12). David leaves Jerusalem. (13–23). David sends back the ark. (24–30). He prays against Ahithophel's counsel. (31–37).
vv1-6
David allows Absalom's pomp. Those parents know not what they do, who indulge a proud humour in their children: many young people are ruined by pride. And those commonly are most eager for authority who least understand its duties.
vv7-12
See how willing tender parents are to believe the best concerning their children. But how easy and how wicked is it, for children to take advantage of good parents, and to deceive them with the show of religion! The principal men of Jerusalem joined Absalom's feast upon his sacrifice. Pious persons are glad to see others appear religious, and this gives occasion for deceptions. The policy of wicked men, and the subtlety of Satan, are exerted to draw good persons to countenance base designs.
vv13-23
David determined to quit Jerusalem. He took this resolve, as a penitent submitting to the rod. Before unrighteous Absalom he could justify himself, and stand out; but before the righteous God he must condemn himself, and yield to his judgments. Thus he accepts the punishment of his sin. And good men, when they themselves suffer, are anxious that others should not be led to suffer with them. He compelled none; those whose hearts were with Absalom, to Absalom let them go, and so shall their doom be. Thus Christ enlists none but willing followers. David cannot bear to think that Ittai, a stranger and an exile, a proselyte and a new convert, who ought to be encouraged and made easy, should meet with hard usage. But such value has Ittai for David's wisdom and goodness, that he will not leave him. He is a friend indeed, who loves at all times, and will adhere to us in adversity. Let us cleave to the Son of David, with full purpose of heart, and neither life nor death shall separate us from his love.
Key Words
אַחַר: properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
אֲבִישָׁלוֹם: Abshalom, a son of David; also (the fuller form) a later Israelite
עָשָׂה: to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
מֶרְכָּבָה: a chariot
סוּס: a horse (as leaping); also a swallow (from its rapid flight)
חֲמִשִּׁים: fifty
אִישׁ: a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
רוּץ: to run (for whatever reason, especially to rush)
פָּנִים: the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (before, etc.)
שָׁכַם: literally, to load up (on the back of man or beast), i.e. to start early in the morning
Cross References
2 Samuel 15Ahithophel's betrayal of David directly foreshadows Judas's betrayal of the Son of David.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
David crossing the brook Kidron in rejection foreshadows Christ crossing Kidron to His agony in Gethsemane.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Adonijah mimics Absalom's royal presumption, preparing chariots, horses, and fifty men to run before him.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
David's personal prayer and lament composed specifically during his flight from Absalom.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Leaving ten concubines to keep the house directly prepares for the fulfillment of Nathan's judgment prophecy.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Ahithophel counsels Absalom to go in unto David's concubines left behind to keep the house.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Identifies the Cherethites and Pelethites as David's loyal royal bodyguard from his early reign.
Supported by Matthew Poole
David refuses to treat the Ark as a superstitious talisman, unlike Israel at Aphek.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Parallels Abimelech's demagoguery and self-promotion to steal power from legitimate authority.
Supported by Matthew Henry
One proposed epocha for the 'forty years' is David's original anointing by Samuel.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Confirms Absalom's mother was from Geshur, explaining his place of exile.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Zadok and Abiathar remain key intermediaries in Jerusalem, later carrying David's message to Judah.
Supported by Matthew Poole
David ascends Mount Olivet weeping, where Christ later wept over Jerusalem's rejection.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Absalom's flattering, fair speeches illustrate those who deceive the hearts of the simple.
Supported by Matthew Henry
David echoes Eli's absolute resignation to the sovereign will and judgment of God.
Supported by Matthew Henry