2 Samuel15
New Living Translation
1After this, Absalom bought a chariot and horses, and he hired fifty bodyguards to run ahead of him.
2He got up early every morning and went out to the gate of the city. When people brought a case to the king for judgment, Absalom would ask where in Israel they were from, and they would tell him their tribe.
3Then Absalom would say, “You’ve really got a strong case here! It’s too bad the king doesn’t have anyone to hear it.
4I wish I were the judge. Then everyone could bring their cases to me for judgment, and I would give them justice!”
5When people tried to bow before him, Absalom wouldn’t let them. Instead, he took them by the hand and kissed them.
6Absalom did this with everyone who came to the king for judgment, and so he stole the hearts of all the people of Israel.
7After four years, Absalom said to the king, “Let me go to Hebron to offer a sacrifice to the Lord and fulfill a vow I made to him.
8For while your servant was at Geshur in Aram, I promised to sacrifice to the Lord in Hebron if he would bring me back to Jerusalem.”
9“All right,” the king told him. “Go and fulfill your vow.” So Absalom went to Hebron.
10But while he was there, he sent secret messengers to all the tribes of Israel to stir up a rebellion against the king. “As soon as you hear the ram’s horn,” his message read, “you are to say, ‘Absalom has been crowned king in Hebron.’”
11He took 200 men from Jerusalem with him as guests, but they knew nothing of his intentions.
12While Absalom was offering the sacrifices, he sent for Ahithophel, one of David’s counselors who lived in Giloh. Soon many others also joined Absalom, and the conspiracy gained momentum.
13A messenger soon arrived in Jerusalem to tell David, “All Israel has joined Absalom in a conspiracy against you!”
14“Then we must flee at once, or it will be too late!” David urged his men. “Hurry! If we get out of the city before Absalom arrives, both we and the city of Jerusalem will be spared from disaster.”
15“We are with you,” his advisers replied. “Do what you think is best.”
16So the king and all his household set out at once. He left no one behind except ten of his concubines to look after the palace.
17The king and all his people set out on foot, pausing at the last house
18to let all the king’s men move past to lead the way. There were 600 men from Gath who had come with David, along with the king’s bodyguard.
19Then the king turned and said to Ittai, a leader of the men from Gath, “Why are you coming with us? Go on back to King Absalom, for you are a guest in Israel, a foreigner in exile.
20You arrived only recently, and should I force you today to wander with us? I don’t even know where we will go. Go on back and take your kinsmen with you, and may the Lord show you his unfailing love and faithfulness.”
21But Ittai said to the king, “I vow by the Lord and by your own life that I will go wherever my lord the king goes, no matter what happens—whether it means life or death.”
22David replied, “All right, come with us.” So Ittai and all his men and their families went along.
23Everyone cried loudly as the king and his followers passed by. They crossed the Kidron Valley and then went out toward the wilderness.
24Zadok and all the Levites also came along, carrying the Ark of the Covenant of God. They set down the Ark of God, and Abiathar offered sacrifices until everyone had passed out of the city.
25Then the king instructed Zadok to take the Ark of God back into the city. “If the Lord sees fit,” David said, “he will bring me back to see the Ark and the Tabernacle again.
26But if he is through with me, then let him do what seems best to him.”
27The king also told Zadok the priest, “Look, here is my plan. You and Abiathar should return quietly to the city with your son Ahimaaz and Abiathar’s son Jonathan.
28I will stop at the shallows of the Jordan River and wait there for a report from you.”
29So Zadok and Abiathar took the Ark of God back to the city and stayed there.
30David walked up the road to the Mount of Olives, weeping as he went. His head was covered and his feet were bare as a sign of mourning. And the people who were with him covered their heads and wept as they climbed the hill.
31When someone told David that his adviser Ahithophel was now backing Absalom, David prayed, “O Lord, let Ahithophel give Absalom foolish advice!”
32When David reached the summit of the Mount of Olives where people worshiped God, Hushai the Arkite was waiting there for him. Hushai had torn his clothing and put dirt on his head as a sign of mourning.
33But David told him, “If you go with me, you will only be a burden.
34Return to Jerusalem and tell Absalom, ‘I will now be your adviser, O king, just as I was your father’s adviser in the past.’ Then you can frustrate and counter Ahithophel’s advice.
35Zadok and Abiathar, the priests, will be there. Tell them about the plans being made in the king’s palace,
36and they will send their sons Ahimaaz and Jonathan to tell me what is going on.”
37So David’s friend Hushai returned to Jerusalem, getting there just as Absalom arrived.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 2 Samuel 15.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Absalom's ambition. (1–6). His conspiracy. (7–12). David leaves Jerusalem. (13–23). David sends back the ark. (24–30). He prays against Ahithophel's counsel. (31–37).
vv1-6
David allows Absalom's pomp. Those parents know not what they do, who indulge a proud humour in their children: many young people are ruined by pride. And those commonly are most eager for authority who least understand its duties.
vv7-12
See how willing tender parents are to believe the best concerning their children. But how easy and how wicked is it, for children to take advantage of good parents, and to deceive them with the show of religion! The principal men of Jerusalem joined Absalom's feast upon his sacrifice. Pious persons are glad to see others appear religious, and this gives occasion for deceptions. The policy of wicked men, and the subtlety of Satan, are exerted to draw good persons to countenance base designs.
vv13-23
David determined to quit Jerusalem. He took this resolve, as a penitent submitting to the rod. Before unrighteous Absalom he could justify himself, and stand out; but before the righteous God he must condemn himself, and yield to his judgments. Thus he accepts the punishment of his sin. And good men, when they themselves suffer, are anxious that others should not be led to suffer with them. He compelled none; those whose hearts were with Absalom, to Absalom let them go, and so shall their doom be. Thus Christ enlists none but willing followers. David cannot bear to think that Ittai, a stranger and an exile, a proselyte and a new convert, who ought to be encouraged and made easy, should meet with hard usage. But such value has Ittai for David's wisdom and goodness, that he will not leave him. He is a friend indeed, who loves at all times, and will adhere to us in adversity. Let us cleave to the Son of David, with full purpose of heart, and neither life nor death shall separate us from his love.
Key Words
אַחַר: properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
אֲבִישָׁלוֹם: Abshalom, a son of David; also (the fuller form) a later Israelite
עָשָׂה: to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
מֶרְכָּבָה: a chariot
סוּס: a horse (as leaping); also a swallow (from its rapid flight)
חֲמִשִּׁים: fifty
אִישׁ: a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
רוּץ: to run (for whatever reason, especially to rush)
פָּנִים: the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (before, etc.)
שָׁכַם: literally, to load up (on the back of man or beast), i.e. to start early in the morning
Cross References
2 Samuel 15Ahithophel's betrayal of David directly foreshadows Judas's betrayal of the Son of David.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
David crossing the brook Kidron in rejection foreshadows Christ crossing Kidron to His agony in Gethsemane.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Adonijah mimics Absalom's royal presumption, preparing chariots, horses, and fifty men to run before him.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
David's personal prayer and lament composed specifically during his flight from Absalom.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Leaving ten concubines to keep the house directly prepares for the fulfillment of Nathan's judgment prophecy.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Ahithophel counsels Absalom to go in unto David's concubines left behind to keep the house.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Identifies the Cherethites and Pelethites as David's loyal royal bodyguard from his early reign.
Supported by Matthew Poole
David refuses to treat the Ark as a superstitious talisman, unlike Israel at Aphek.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Parallels Abimelech's demagoguery and self-promotion to steal power from legitimate authority.
Supported by Matthew Henry
One proposed epocha for the 'forty years' is David's original anointing by Samuel.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Confirms Absalom's mother was from Geshur, explaining his place of exile.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Zadok and Abiathar remain key intermediaries in Jerusalem, later carrying David's message to Judah.
Supported by Matthew Poole
David ascends Mount Olivet weeping, where Christ later wept over Jerusalem's rejection.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Absalom's flattering, fair speeches illustrate those who deceive the hearts of the simple.
Supported by Matthew Henry
David echoes Eli's absolute resignation to the sovereign will and judgment of God.
Supported by Matthew Henry