2 Samuel16
New Living Translation
1When David had gone a little beyond the summit of the Mount of Olives, Ziba, the servant of Mephibosheth, was waiting there for him. He had two donkeys loaded with 200 loaves of bread, 100 clusters of raisins, 100 bunches of summer fruit, and a wineskin full of wine.
2“What are these for?” the king asked Ziba. Ziba replied, “The donkeys are for the king’s people to ride on, and the bread and summer fruit are for the young men to eat. The wine is for those who become exhausted in the wilderness.”
3“And where is Mephibosheth, Saul’s grandson?” the king asked him. “He stayed in Jerusalem,” Ziba replied. “He said, ‘Today I will get back the kingdom of my grandfather Saul.’”
4“In that case,” the king told Ziba, “I give you everything Mephibosheth owns.” “I bow before you,” Ziba replied. “May I always be pleasing to you, my lord the king.”
5As King David came to Bahurim, a man came out of the village cursing them. It was Shimei son of Gera, from the same clan as Saul’s family.
6He threw stones at the king and the king’s officers and all the mighty warriors who surrounded him.
7“Get out of here, you murderer, you scoundrel!” he shouted at David.
8“The Lord is paying you back for all the bloodshed in Saul’s clan. You stole his throne, and now the Lord has given it to your son Absalom. At last you will taste some of your own medicine, for you are a murderer!”
9“Why should this dead dog curse my lord the king?” Abishai son of Zeruiah demanded. “Let me go over and cut off his head!”
10“No!” the king said. “Who asked your opinion, you sons of Zeruiah! If the Lord has told him to curse me, who are you to stop him?”
11Then David said to Abishai and to all his servants, “My own son is trying to kill me. Doesn’t this relative of Saul have even more reason to do so? Leave him alone and let him curse, for the Lord has told him to do it.
12And perhaps the Lord will see that I am being wronged and will bless me because of these curses today.”
13So David and his men continued down the road, and Shimei kept pace with them on a nearby hillside, cursing and throwing stones and dirt at David.
14The king and all who were with him grew weary along the way, so they rested when they reached the Jordan River.
15Meanwhile, Absalom and all the army of Israel arrived at Jerusalem, accompanied by Ahithophel.
16When David’s friend Hushai the Arkite arrived, he went immediately to see Absalom. “Long live the king!” he exclaimed. “Long live the king!”
17“Is this the way you treat your friend David?” Absalom asked him. “Why aren’t you with him?”
18“I’m here because I belong to the man who is chosen by the Lord and by all the men of Israel,” Hushai replied.
19“And anyway, why shouldn’t I serve you? Just as I was your father’s adviser, now I will be your adviser!”
20Then Absalom turned to Ahithophel and asked him, “What should I do next?”
21Ahithophel told him, “Go and sleep with your father’s concubines, for he has left them here to look after the palace. Then all Israel will know that you have insulted your father beyond hope of reconciliation, and they will throw their support to you.”
22So they set up a tent on the palace roof where everyone could see it, and Absalom went in and had sex with his father’s concubines.
23Absalom followed Ahithophel’s advice, just as David had done. For every word Ahithophel spoke seemed as wise as though it had come directly from the mouth of God.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 2 Samuel 16.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Ziba's falsehood. (1–4). David cursed by Shimei. (5–14). Ahithophel's counsel. (15–23).
vv1-4
Ziba belied Mephibosheth. Great men ought always to be jealous of flatterers, and to be careful that they hear both sides.
vv5-14
David bore Shimei's curses much better than Ziba's flatteries; by these he was brought to pass a wrong judgment on another, by those to pass a right judgment on himself: the world's smiles are more dangerous than its frowns. Once and again David spared Saul's life, while Saul sought his. But innocence is no defence against malice and falsehood; nor are we to think it strange, if we are charged with that which we have been most careful to keep ourselves from. It is well for us, that men are not to be our judges, but He whose judgment is according to truth. See how patient David was under this abuse. Let this remind us of Christ, who prayed for those who reviled and crucified him. A humble spirit will turn reproaches into reproofs, and get good from them, instead of being provoked by them. David the hand of God in it, and comforts himself that God would bring good out of his affliction. We may depend upon God to repay, not only our services, but our sufferings.
vv15-23
The wisest counsellors of that age were Ahithophel and Hushai: Absalom thinks himself sure of success, when he has both; on them he relies, and consults not the ark, though he had that with him. But miserable counsellors were they both. Hushai would never counsel him to do wisely. Ahithophel counselled him to do wickedly; and so did as effectually betray him, as he did, who was designedly false to him: for they that advise men to sin, certainly advise them to their hurt. After all, honesty is the best policy, and will be found so in the long run. Ahithophel gave wicked counsel to Absalom; to render himself so hateful to his father, that he would never be reconciled to him; this cursed policy was of the devil. How desperately wicked is the human heart!
Key Words
דָּוִד: David, the youngest son of Jesse
עָבַר: to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in copulation)
מְעַט: a little or few (often adverbial or compar.)
מִן: properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses
רֹאשׁ: the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of place, time, rank, itc.)
נַעַר: (concretely) a boy (as active), from the age of infancy to adolescence; by implication, a servant; also (by interch. of sex), a girl (of similar latitude in age)
מְפִיבֹשֶׁת: Mephibosheth, the name of two Israelites
קִרְאָה: an encountering, accidental, friendly or hostile (also adverbially, opposite)
צֶמֶד: hence, an acre (i.e. day's task for a yoke of cattle to plough)
חֲמוֹר: a male ass (from its dun red)
Cross References
2 Samuel 16Directly fulfills Nathan's prophecy that David's neighbor would lie with his wives in the daylight.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Fulfills the specific judgment that this would be done openly 'before all Israel, and before the sun.'
Supported by Matthew Poole
Contextualizes Ahithophel's legendary counsel which David actively prayed God would turn into foolishness.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Establishes Ziba's status as servant and the original arrangement with Mephibosheth's land.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Mephibosheth's later defense and explanation, exposing Ziba's slanderous report here as a lie.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The Mosaic law explicitly prohibiting the cursing of a ruler or leader of the people.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Abishai's characteristic, hot-tempered eagerness to strike down the king's adversary immediately.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Illuminates David's folly in judging Mephibosheth's case before hearing the other side.
Supported by Matthew Henry
David recalls Shimei's grievous curse on his deathbed, directing Solomon how to handle him.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Abishai repeats his demand to execute Shimei for cursing the Lord's anointed upon David's return.
Supported by Matthew Poole
David's ongoing struggle to manage the violent, impetuous sons of Zeruiah.
Supported by JFB
Hushai's initial meeting with David, setting up his role as David's plant in Absalom's court.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Parallels the provisions of food and drink brought to sustain David's faint followers in the wilderness.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Thematic parallel of a son defiling his father's bed, recalling Reuben's sin and loss of birthright.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Identifies the ten concubines David left behind to keep the house, whom Absalom defiled.
Supported by JFB