1 Samuel3
New Living Translation
1Meanwhile, the boy Samuel served the Lord by assisting Eli. Now in those days messages from the Lord were very rare, and visions were quite uncommon.
2One night Eli, who was almost blind by now, had gone to bed.
3The lamp of God had not yet gone out, and Samuel was sleeping in the Tabernacle near the Ark of God.
4Suddenly the Lord called out, “Samuel!” “Yes?” Samuel replied. “What is it?”
5He got up and ran to Eli. “Here I am. Did you call me?” “I didn’t call you,” Eli replied. “Go back to bed.” So he did.
6Then the Lord called out again, “Samuel!” Again Samuel got up and went to Eli. “Here I am. Did you call me?” “I didn’t call you, my son,” Eli said. “Go back to bed.”
7Samuel did not yet know the Lord because he had never had a message from the Lord before.
8So the Lord called a third time, and once more Samuel got up and went to Eli. “Here I am. Did you call me?” Then Eli realized it was the Lord who was calling the boy.
9So he said to Samuel, “Go and lie down again, and if someone calls again, say, ‘Speak, Lord, your servant is listening.’” So Samuel went back to bed.
10And the Lord came and called as before, “Samuel! Samuel!” And Samuel replied, “Speak, your servant is listening.”
11Then the Lord said to Samuel, “I am about to do a shocking thing in Israel.
12I am going to carry out all my threats against Eli and his family, from beginning to end.
13I have warned him that judgment is coming upon his family forever, because his sons are blaspheming God and he hasn’t disciplined them.
14So I have vowed that the sins of Eli and his sons will never be forgiven by sacrifices or offerings.”
15Samuel stayed in bed until morning, then got up and opened the doors of the Tabernacle as usual. He was afraid to tell Eli what the Lord had said to him.
16But Eli called out to him, “Samuel, my son.” “Here I am,” Samuel replied.
17“What did the Lord say to you? Tell me everything. And may God strike you and even kill you if you hide anything from me!”
18So Samuel told Eli everything; he didn’t hold anything back. “It is the Lord’s will,” Eli replied. “Let him do what he thinks best.”
19As Samuel grew up, the Lord was with him, and everything Samuel said proved to be reliable.
20And all Israel, from Dan in the north to Beersheba in the south, knew that Samuel was confirmed as a prophet of the Lord.
21The Lord continued to appear at Shiloh and gave messages to Samuel there at the Tabernacle.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for 1 Samuel 3.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The word of the Lord first revealed to Samuel. (1–10). God tells Samuel the destruction of Eli's house. (11–18). Samuel established to be a prophet. (19–21).
vv1-10
The call which Divine grace designs shall be made effectual; will be repeated till it is so, till we come to the call. Eli, perceiving that it was the voice of God that Samuel heard, instructed him what to say. Though it was a disgrace to Eli, for God's call to be directed to Samuel, yet he told him how to meet it. Thus the elder should do their utmost to assist and improve the younger that are rising up. Let us never fail to teach those who are coming after us, even such as will soon be preferred before us, Joh 1:30. Good words should be put into children's mouths betimes, by which they may be prepared to learn Divine things, and be trained up to regard them.
vv11-18
What a great deal of guilt and corruption is there in us, concerning which we may say, It is the iniquity which our own heart knoweth; we are conscious to ourselves of it! Those who do not restrain the sins of others, when it is in their power to do it, make themselves partakers of the guilt, and will be charged as joining in it. In his remarkable answer to this awful sentence, Eli acknowledged that the Lord had a right to do as he saw good, being assured that he would do nothing wrong. The meekness, patience, and humility contained in those words, show that he was truly repentant; he accepted the punishment of his sin.
vv19-21
All increase in wisdom and grace, is owing to the presence of God with us. God will graciously repeat his visits to those who receive them aright. Early piety will be the greatest honour of young people. Those who honour God he will honour. Let young people consider the piety of Samuel, and from him they will learn to remember their Creator in the days of their youth. Young children are capable of religion. Samuel is a proof that their waiting upon the Lord will be pleasing to him. He is a pattern of all those amiable tempers, which are the brightest ornament of youth, and a sure source of happiness.
Key Words
נַעַר: (concretely) a boy (as active), from the age of infancy to adolescence; by implication, a servant; also (by interch. of sex), a girl (of similar latitude in age)
שְׁמוּאֵל: Shemuel, the name of three Israelites
שָׁרַת: to attend as a menial or worshipper; figuratively, to contribute to
פָּנִים: the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (before, etc.)
עֵלִי: Eli, an Israelite highpriest
דָּבָר: a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
יָקָר: valuable (objectively or subjectively)
יוֹם: a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated term), (often used adverb)
פָּרַץ: to break out (in many applications, direct and indirect, literal and figurative)
חָזוֹן: a sight (mentally), i.e. a dream, revelation, or oracle
Cross References
1 Samuel 3Direct reference to the previously announced prophetic judgment against Eli's priestly house.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Prescribes the burning of the sanctuary lamps until morning, establishing the night-to-morning timeframe.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Contrast between Samuel's ignorance of divine revelation and the sons of Eli who 'knew not the Lord'.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallel description of a famine of hearing the words of the Lord.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
The severe warning of judgment that makes the ears of everyone who hears it tingle.
Supported by Matthew Poole
The fulfillment of the threatened doom against Eli's house on the day of the battle.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Details Eli's weak admonition of his sons, failing to properly restrain their wicked behavior.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Echoes the language of none of God's promised words 'falling to the ground' without fulfillment.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Mandates the continuous evening-to-morning burning of the golden candlestick in the Tabernacle.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Another instance where catastrophic national judgment on Israel causes the hearer's ears to tingle.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Parallels Eli's quiet, submissive resignation to the severe, sovereign decree of God.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Describes the spiritual danger and lawlessness that occur when there is 'no open vision'.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Parallels the physical dimness of Eli's eyes in old age with Isaac's declining sight.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Identifies Samuel as the landmark prophet who inaugurated the era of open prophetic succession.
Supported by Matthew Henry