Acts13
World English Bible · Public Domain
1Now in the assembly that was at Antioch there were some prophets and teachers: Barnabas, Simeon who was called Niger, Lucius of Cyrene, Manaen the foster brother of Herod the tetrarch, and Saul.
2As they served the Lord and fasted, the Holy Spirit said, “Separate Barnabas and Saul for me, for the work to which I have called them.”
3Then, when they had fasted and prayed and laid their hands on them, they sent them away.
4So, being sent out by the Holy Spirit, they went down to Seleucia. From there they sailed to Cyprus.
5When they were at Salamis, they proclaimed God’s word in the Jewish synagogues. They also had John as their attendant.
6When they had gone through the island to Paphos, they found a certain sorcerer, a false prophet, a Jew whose name was Bar Jesus,
7who was with the proconsul, Sergius Paulus, a man of understanding. This man summoned Barnabas and Saul, and sought to hear the word of God.
8But Elymas the sorcerer (for so is his name by interpretation) withstood them, seeking to turn the proconsul away from the faith.
9But Saul, who is also called Paul, filled with the Holy Spirit, fastened his eyes on him
10and said, “You son of the devil, full of all deceit and all cunning, you enemy of all righteousness, will you not cease to pervert the right ways of the Lord?
11Now, behold, the hand of the Lord is on you, and you will be blind, not seeing the sun for a season!” Immediately a mist and darkness fell on him. He went around seeking someone to lead him by the hand.
12Then the proconsul, when he saw what was done, believed, being astonished at the teaching of the Lord.
13Now Paul and his company set sail from Paphos and came to Perga in Pamphylia. John departed from them and returned to Jerusalem.
14But they, passing on from Perga, came to Antioch of Pisidia. They went into the synagogue on the Sabbath day and sat down.
15After the reading of the law and the prophets, the rulers of the synagogue sent to them, saying, “Brothers, if you have any word of exhortation for the people, speak.”
16Paul stood up, and gesturing with his hand said, “Men of Israel, and you who fear God, listen.
17The God of this people chose our fathers, and exalted the people when they stayed as aliens in the land of Egypt, and with an uplifted arm, he led them out of it.
18For a period of about forty years he put up with them in the wilderness.
19When he had destroyed seven nations in the land of Canaan, he gave them their land for an inheritance for about four hundred fifty years.
20After these things, he gave them judges until Samuel the prophet.
21Afterward they asked for a king, and God gave to them Saul the son of Kish, a man of the tribe of Benjamin, for forty years.
22When he had removed him, he raised up David to be their king, to whom he also testified, ‘I have found David the son of Jesse, a man after my heart, who will do all my will.’
23From this man’s offspring, God has brought salvation to Israel according to his promise,
24before his coming, when John had first preached the baptism of repentance to Israel.
25As John was fulfilling his course, he said, ‘What do you suppose that I am? I am not he. But behold, one comes after me, the sandals of whose feet I am not worthy to untie.’
26“Brothers, children of the stock of Abraham, and those among you who fear God, the word of this salvation is sent out to you.
27For those who dwell in Jerusalem, and their rulers, because they didn’t know him, nor the voices of the prophets which are read every Sabbath, fulfilled them by condemning him.
28Though they found no cause for death, they still asked Pilate to have him killed.
29When they had fulfilled all things that were written about him, they took him down from the tree and laid him in a tomb.
30But God raised him from the dead,
31and he was seen for many days by those who came up with him from Galilee to Jerusalem, who are his witnesses to the people.
32We bring you good news of the promise made to the fathers,
33that God has fulfilled this to us, their children, in that he raised up Jesus. As it is also written in the second psalm, ‘You are my Son. Today I have become your father.’
34“Concerning that he raised him up from the dead, now no more to return to corruption, he has spoken thus: ‘I will give you the holy and sure blessings of David.’
35Therefore he says also in another psalm, ‘You will not allow your Holy One to see decay.’
36For David, after he had in his own generation served the counsel of God, fell asleep, was laid with his fathers, and saw decay.
37But he whom God raised up saw no decay.
38Be it known to you therefore, brothers, that through this man is proclaimed to you remission of sins;
39and by him everyone who believes is justified from all things, from which you could not be justified by the law of Moses.
40Beware therefore, lest that come on you which is spoken in the prophets:
41‘Behold, you scoffers! Wonder and perish, for I work a work in your days, a work which you will in no way believe, if one declares it to you.’”
42So when the Jews went out of the synagogue, the Gentiles begged that these words might be preached to them the next Sabbath.
43Now when the synagogue broke up, many of the Jews and of the devout proselytes followed Paul and Barnabas; who, speaking to them, urged them to continue in the grace of God.
44The next Sabbath, almost the whole city was gathered together to hear the word of God.
45But when the Jews saw the multitudes, they were filled with jealousy, and contradicted the things which were spoken by Paul, and blasphemed.
46Paul and Barnabas spoke out boldly, and said, “It was necessary that God’s word should be spoken to you first. Since indeed you thrust it from yourselves, and judge yourselves unworthy of eternal life, behold, we turn to the Gentiles.
47For so has the Lord commanded us, saying, ‘I have set you as a light for the Gentiles, that you should bring salvation to the uttermost parts of the earth.’”
48As the Gentiles heard this, they were glad and glorified the word of God. As many as were appointed to eternal life believed.
49The Lord’s word was spread abroad throughout all the region.
50But the Jews stirred up the devout and prominent women and the chief men of the city, and stirred up a persecution against Paul and Barnabas, and threw them out of their borders.
51But they shook off the dust of their feet against them, and came to Iconium.
52The disciples were filled with joy and with the Holy Spirit.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Acts 13.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: The mission of Paul and Barnabas. (1–3). Elymas the sorcerer. (4–13). Paul's discourse at Antioch. (14–41). He preaches to the Gentiles, and is persecuted by the Jews. (42–52).
vv1-3
What an assemblage was here! In these names we see that the Lord raises up instruments for his work, from various places and stations in life; and zeal for his glory induces men to give up flattering connexions and prospects to promote his cause. It is by the Spirit of Christ that his ministers are made both able and willing for his service, and taken from other cares that would hinder in it. Christ's ministers are to be employed in Christ's work, and, under the Spirit's guidance, to act for the glory of God the Father. They are separated to take pains, and not to take state. A blessing upon Barnabas and Saul in their present undertaking was sought for, and that they might be filled with the Holy Ghost in their work. Whatever means are used, or rules observed, the Holy Ghost alone can fit ministers for their important work, and call them to it.
vv4-13
Satan is in a special manner busy with great men and men in power, to keep them from being religious, for their example will influence many. Saul is here for the first time called Paul, and never after Saul. Saul was his name as he was a Hebrew; Paul was his name as he was a citizen of Rome. Under the direct influence of the Holy Ghost, he gave Elymas his true character, but not in passion. A fulness of deceit and mischief together, make a man indeed a child of the devil. And those who are enemies to the doctrine of Jesus, are enemies to all righteousness; for in it all righteousness is fulfilled. The ways of the Lord Jesus are the only right ways to heaven and happiness. There are many who not only wander from these ways themselves, but set others against these ways. They commonly are so hardened, that they will not cease to do evil. The proconsul was astonished at the force of the doctrine upon his own heart and conscience, and at the power of God by which it was confirmed. The doctrine of Christ astonishes; and the more we know of it, the more reason we shall see to wonder at it. Those who put their hand to the plough and look back, are not fit for the kingdom of God. Those who are not prepared to face opposition, and to endure hardship, are not fitted for the work of the ministry.
vv14-31
When we come together to worship God, we must do it, not only by prayer and praise, but by the reading and hearing of the word of God. The bare reading of the Scriptures in public assemblies is not enough; they should be expounded, and the people exhorted out of them. This is helping people in doing that which is necessary to make the word profitable, to apply it to themselves. Every thing is touched upon in this sermon, which might best prevail with Jews to receive and embrace Christ as the promised Messiah. And every view, however short or faint, of the Lord's dealings with his church, reminds us of his mercy and long-suffering, and of man's ingratitude and perverseness. Paul passes from David to the Son of David, and shows that this Jesus is his promised Seed; a Saviour to do that for them, which the judges of old could not do, to save them from their sins, their worst enemies. When the apostles preached Christ as the Saviour, they were so far from concealing his death, that they always preached Christ crucified. Our complete separation from sin, is represented by our being buried with Christ. But he rose again from the dead, and saw no corruption: this was the great truth to be preached.
Key Words
δέ (dé): but, and, etc.
ἦν (ēn): I (thou, etc.) was (wast or were)
κατά (katá): (prepositionally) down (in place or time), in varied relations (according to the case (genitive, dative or accusative) with which it is joined)
ἐκκλησία (ekklēsía): a calling out, i.e. (concretely) a popular meeting, especially a religious congregation (Jewish synagogue, or Christian community of members on earth or saints in heaven or both)
Ἀντιόχεια (Antiócheia): Antiochia, a place in Syria
προφήτης (prophḗtēs): a foreteller ("prophet"); by analogy, an inspired speaker; by extension, a poet
καί (kaí): and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
διδάσκαλος (didáskalos): an instructor (genitive case or specially)
καλέω (kaléō): to "call" (properly, aloud, but used in a variety of applications, directly or otherwise)
Νίγερ (Níger): black; Niger, a Christian
Cross References
Acts 13Directly quoted by Paul to prove Christ's resurrection is the fulfillment of divine Sonship.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Quoted by Paul ('sure mercies of David') to confirm the everlasting nature of Christ's resurrection.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Quoted to show that the Messiah was destined to rise without seeing bodily corruption.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Direct quotation warning the despisers of God's work of imminent judgment and unbelief.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Direct quotation of the prophetic commission to be a light of the Gentiles.
Elymas's magical opposition to the gospel parallels the Egyptian magicians' resistance to Moses.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Paul's historical summary quotes God's testimony of David as a man after His own heart.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Parallels Paul's central argument that justification is by faith in Christ, not by Moses' law.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Quoted as a solemn warning against rejecting God's work, drawing on prophetic judgment.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Parallel transition in Corinth where Paul opposes blaspheming Jews and turns to the Gentiles.
Paul's final solemn declaration in Rome turning to the Gentiles due to Jewish unbelief.
Direct obedience to Jesus' command to shake the dust off their feet as a testimony.
Barnabas and Saul recognized as key teachers/apostles, maintaining fellowship and mutual ministry partitions.
Supported by John Calvin
Calvin highlights the distinction and overlap between NT 'prophets and teachers' referenced in Antioch.
Supported by John Calvin
Parallels the listing of spiritual offices, specifically prophets and teachers, in the church.
Supported by John Calvin
Underlines the divine authority of the call, proving the supreme divinity of the Holy Spirit.
Supported by JFB
Paul describes himself as 'separated unto the gospel of God,' echoing his Antioch separation.
Supported by JFB
The regular reading of the prophets in the synagogues every sabbath day.
Supported by Matthew Henry
The historical account of Israel desiring a king, which Paul references at the start.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Connects David's temporal service and death to the eternal, incorruptible reign of Jesus.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
The foundational covenant promise that God would raise up David's seed to establish his kingdom.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Peter's Pentecost sermon uses the same Davidic resurrection proof from Psalm 16.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Confirms the inability of the Mosaic law to justify, emphasizing faith in Christ.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Theological principle that the gospel must be offered to the Jew first, then the Greek.
Reinforces Paul's earlier statement in this sermon that the word of salvation was sent to them.
Jesus' warning that the kingdom of God would be taken from them and given to others.
Theological parallel linking belief with God's sovereign choice and ordaining grace before time.
Connects belief of the truth with being chosen/ordained by God unto salvation from the beginning.
Connects Manaen's courtly association (Herod's foster brother) with other royal connections like Chuza.
Supported by JFB
The laying on of hands as the solemn apostolic commissioning of those chosen.
Supported by JFB
Explains 'sent them away' as recommending them to the grace of God for their work.
Supported by JFB
Details the fallout of John Mark's departure from them at Pamphylia.
Supported by JFB
Paul's phrasing of God 'bearing' or 'suffering' Israel in the wilderness echoes Moses' words.
Supported by JFB
Explicitly names the seven nations of Canaan that God destroyed before Israel.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Echoes John's declaration of baptism and unworthiness to loose the Messiah's sandals.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole
Illustrates the progression of preaching 'this salvation' to Jews first, then to Gentiles.
Supported by Matthew Poole