Hosea 4ESV
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Hosea4

English Standard Version

1 the of the Lord, O of , for the Lord has a with the of the . There is no or , and no of in the ;

2there is , , , , and committing ; they all bounds, and .

3 the , and who in it , and also the of the and the of the , and even the of the are away.

4 let , and let , for is my , O .

5You shall by ; the also shall with you by ; and I will your .

6My are for of ; you have , I you from being a to me. And since you have the of your , I also will your .

7The more they , the they against me; I will their into .

8They on the of my ; they are for their .

9And it shall be like , like ; I will them for their and them for their .

10They shall , but not be ; they shall play the , but not , because they have the Lord to

11 , , and new , which take the .

12My of a piece of , and their walking gives them . For a of has led them , and they have left their to play the .

13They on the of the and burn on the , under , , and , because their is . your play the , and your commit .

14I will not your when they play the , nor your they commit ; for the go and with cult , and a shall come to .

15 you play the , O , let not . not into , nor to , and not, As the Lord .

16 a , is ; can the Lord now them like a in a ?

17 is to ; leave him .

18When their is , they to ; their dearly .

19A has them in its , and they shall be because of their .

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Hosea 4.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: God's judgments against the sins of the people. (1-5). and of the priests. (6-11). Idolatry is reproved, and Judah is admonished. (12-19).

vv1-5

Hosea reproves for immorality, as well as idolatry. There was no truth, mercy, or knowledge of God in the land: it was full of murders, II Kin. 21:16. Therefore calamities were near, which would desolate the country. Our sins, as separate persons, as a family, as a neighbourhood, as a nation, cause the Lord to have a controversy with us; let us submit and humble ourselves before Him, that he may not go on to destroy.

vv6-11

Both priests and people rejected knowledge; God will justly reject them. They forgot the law of God, neither desired nor endeavoured to retain it in mind, and to transmit the remembrance to their posterity; therefore God will justly forget them and their children. If we dishonour God with that which is our honour, it will, sooner or later, be turned into shame to us. Instead of warning the people against sin, from the consideration of the sacrifices, which showed what an offence sin was to God, since it needed an atonement, the priests encouraged the people to sin, since atonement might be made at so small an expense. It is very wicked to be pleased with the sins of others, because they may turn to our advantage. What is unlawfully gained, cannot be comfortably used. The people and the priests hardened one another in sin; therefore justly shall they share in the punishment. Sharers in sin must expect to share in ruin. Any lust harboured in the heart, in time will eat out all its strength and vigour. That is the reason why many professors grow so heavy, so dull, so dead in the way of religion. They have a liking for some secret lust, which takes away their hearts.

vv12-19

The people consulted images, and not the Divine word. This would lead to disorder and sin. Thus men prepare scourges for themselves, and vice is spread through a people. Let not Judah come near the idolatrous worship of Israel. For Israel was devoted to idols, and must now be let alone. When sinners cast off the easy yoke of Christ, they go on in sin till the Lord saith, Let them alone. Then they receive no more warnings, feel no more convictions: Satan takes full possession of them, and they ripen for destruction. It is a sad and sore judgment for any man to be let alone in sin. Those who are not disturbed in their sin, will be destroyed for their sin. May we be kept from this awful state; for the wrath of God, like a strong tempest, will soon hurry impenitent sinners into ruin.

Cross References

Hosea 4
v9Isaiah 24:2thematic

Explicit parallel of joint societal ruin: 'like people, like priest' in both texts.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v1Micah 6:2thematic

Direct parallel of Yahweh summoning Israel to trial with a formal 'controversy'.

Supported by John Calvin, JFB

Law concerning those who presumptuously rebel against the decision of the priest.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v10Leviticus 26:26thematic

Covenant curse of insatiability: eating and not being satisfied, mirroring Hosea's warning.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v11Ecclesiastes 7:7thematic

Wisdom parallel of a corrupting influence that 'takes away the heart' or understanding.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v12Ezekiel 21:21thematic

Illustrates pagan rhabdomancy/divination by rods matching consultation of their 'staff'.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v12Hosea 5:4thematic

Verbatim link to the internal 'spirit of whoredoms' causing Israel to err.

Supported by JFB

v7Hosea 13:6thematic

Parallel where increased prosperity and being filled directly led to forgetting God.

Supported by JFB

v7Malachi 2:9thematic

Priests made contemptible and base before all because they corrupted their glory.

Supported by JFB

v8Leviticus 6:26thematic

The law of priests eating the sin offerings, which they corrupted into greed.

Supported by JFB

v10Micah 6:14thematic

Another prophetic echo of eating and not being satisfied as divine retribution.

Supported by JFB

v11Isaiah 28:7thematic

Priest and prophet erring through wine and strong drink, losing spiritual understanding.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v22 Kings 15:10thematic

Historical fulfillment showing the rapid succession of bloody coups in northern Israel.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v7Psalms 106:20thematic

Changing the divine glory into a shameful, worthless idol.

Supported by JFB

v17Hosea 4:17thematic

Self-referential highlight of Ephraim being abandoned to idols ('let him alone').

Supported by Matthew Henry