Isaiah 5ESV
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Isaiah5

English Standard Version

1 me for my my concerning his : My had a on a very .

2He it and cleared it of , and it with ; he a in the of it, and a in it; and he for it to , but it .

3And , O of and of , .

4 was there to for my , that I have in it? I for it to , did it ?

5And I will you I will to my . I will its , and it shall be ; I will its , and it shall be .

6I will it a ; it shall be , and and shall grow ; I will also the that they it.

7 the of the Lord of is the of , and the of are his ; and he for , but , ; for , but , an !

8 to those who to , who to , there is no , and you are made to in the of the .

9The Lord of has sworn in my : shall be , and houses, .

10 of shall but , and a of shall but an .

11 to those who rise in the , that they may , who into the as them!

12They have and , and and at their , but they do the of the Lord, the of his .

13 my go into of ; their , and their is with .

14 has its and its , and the of Jerusalem and her will , her and he who in her.

15 is , and is , and the of the are .

16But the Lord of is in , and the shows himself in .

17Then shall the as in their , and shall among the of the .

18 to those who with of , who draw as with ,

19who : Let him be , let him his we may it; let the of the of draw , and let it , that we may it!

20 to those who and , who for and for , who for and for !

21 to those who are in their own , and in their own !

22 to those who are at , and in ,

23who the a , and the of his !

24 , as the of the , and as in the , so their will be as , and their like ; they have the of the Lord of , and have the of the of .

25 the of the Lord was against his , and he his them and them, and the ; and their were as in the of the . For his has , and his is .

26He will a for , and for them the of the ; and , , they !

27 is , , , a is , a ;

28 are , their , their like , and their like the .

29Their is like a , like they ; they and their ; they carry it , and can .

30They will it on that , like the of the . And if to the , , and ; and the is by its .

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Isaiah 5.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The state and conduct of the Jewish nation. (1-7). The judgments which would come. (8-23). The executioners of these judgments. (24-30).

vv1-7

Christ is God's beloved Son, and our beloved Saviour. The care of the Lord over the church of Israel, is described by the management of a vineyard. The advantages of our situation will be brought into the account another day. He planted it with the choicest vines; gave them a most excellent law, instituted proper ordinances. The temple was a tower, where God gave tokens of his presence. He set up his altar, to which the sacrifices should be brought; all the means of grace are denoted thereby. God expects fruit from those that enjoy privileges. Good purposes and good beginnings are good things, but not enough; there must be vineyard fruit; thoughts and affections, words and actions, agreeable to the Spirit. It brought forth bad fruit. Wild grapes are the fruits of the corrupt nature. Where grace does not work, corruption will. But the wickedness of those that profess religion, and enjoy the means of grace, must be upon the sinners themselves. They shall no longer be a peculiar people. When errors and vice go without check or control, the vineyard is unpruned; then it will soon be grown over with thorns. This is often shown in the departure of God's Spirit from those who have long striven against him, and the removal of his gospel from places which have long been a reproach to it. The explanation is given. It is sad with a soul, when, instead of the grapes of humility, meekness, love, patience, and contempt of the world, for which God looks, there are the wild grapes of pride, passion, discontent, and malice, and contempt of God; instead of the grapes of praying and praising, the wild grapes of cursing and swearing. Let us bring forth fruit with patience, that in the end we may obtain everlasting life.

vv8-23

Here is a woe to those who set their hearts on the wealth of the world. Not that it is sinful for those who have a house and a field to purchase another; but the fault is, that they never know when they have enough. Covetousness is idolatry; and while many envy the prosperous, wretched man, the Lord denounces awful woes upon him. How applicable to many among us! God has many ways to empty the most populous cities. Those who set their hearts upon the world, will justly be disappointed. Here is woe to those who dote upon the pleasures and the delights of sense. The use of music is lawful; but when it draws away the heart from God, then it becomes a sin to us. God's judgments have seized them, but they will not disturb themselves in their pleasures. The judgments are declared. Let a man be ever so high, death will bring him low; ever so mean, death will bring him lower. The fruit of these judgments shall be, that God will be glorified as a God of power. Also, as a God that is holy; he shall be owned and declared to be so, in the righteous punishment of proud men. Those are in a woful condition who set up sin, and who exert themselves to gratify their base lusts. They are daring in sin, and walk after their own lusts; it is in scorn that they call God the Holy One of Israel. They confound and overthrow distinctions between good and evil. They prefer their own reasonings to Divine revelations; their own devices to the counsels and commands of God. They deem it prudent and politic to continue profitable sins, and to neglect self-denying duties. Also, how light soever men make of drunkenness, it is a sin which lays open to the wrath and curse of God. Their judges perverted justice. Every sin needs some other to conceal it.

vv24-30

Let not any expect to live easily who live wickedly. Sin weakens the strength, the root of a people; it defaces the beauty, the blossoms of a people. When God's word is despised, and his law cast away, what can men expect but that God should utterly abandon them? When God comes forth in wrath, the hills tremble, fear seizes even great men. When God designs the ruin of a provoking people, he can find instruments to be employed in it, as he sent for the Chaldeans, and afterwards the Romans, to destroy the Jews. Those who would not hear the voice of God speaking by his prophets, shall hear the voice of their enemies roaring against them. Let the distressed look which way they will, all appears dismal. If God frowns upon us, how can any creature smile? Let us diligently seek the well-grounded assurance, that when all earthly helps and comforts shall fail, God himself will be the strength of our hearts, and our portion for ever.

Cross References

Isaiah 5
v1Matthew 21:33allusion

Jesus directly adapts this parable of the vineyard (tower, winepress) to judge the Jewish leaders.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v1Psalms 80:8thematic

Classic Old Testament imagery of Israel as a vine brought out of Egypt and planted by God.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

The Mosaic song warns of Israel producing bitter, wild, and poisonous grapes.

Supported by JFB

v8Micah 2:2thematic

Parallel contemporary prophetic woe against covetous land-grabbing and oppressive consolidation of property.

Supported by JFB

Like Moses, Isaiah records a song as a permanent legal witness against rebellious Israel.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v9Isaiah 22:14allusion

Verbal parallel of the prophet hearing God's voice directly 'in mine ears'.

Supported by JFB

v15Isaiah 2:17allusion

Echoes the earlier refrain that the lofty shall be humbled and the Lord alone exalted.

Supported by JFB

v26Deuteronomy 28:49-52fulfillment

Fulfillment of Mosaic curses warning of a swift, distant nation of fierce countenance invading Israel.

Supported by JFB

v30Isaiah 8:22thematic

Repeats the grim imagery of lookers to the land beholding only darkness, trouble, and dimness.

Supported by JFB

v3Romans 3:4thematic

Paul illustrates God's justice in making sinners the self-condemning judges of their own cause.

Supported by JFB

Reproves Israel for foolishly and ungratefully requiting the Lord's extensive fatherly care.

Supported by JFB

v4Matthew 23:37thematic

Jesus expresses the same divine grief over Jerusalem's rejection of persistent divine cultivation.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v12Psalms 28:5thematic

Condemns those who indulge in feasts but ignore the operations and works of God's hands.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v13Hosea 4:6thematic

Parallel judgment: God's people go into captivity and perish for lack of knowledge.

Supported by Matthew Henry