Deuteronomy 32ESV
Books
All books

Deuteronomy32

English Standard Version

1Give , O , and I will , and let the the of my .

2May my as the , my as the , like the , and like the .

3 I will the of the Lord; to our !

4The , his is , for his are . A of and , and he.

5They have dealt with him; they are no his because they are ; they are a and .

6Do you the Lord, you and ? Is he your , who you, who you and you?

7 the of ; the of ; your , and he will you, your , and they will you.

8When the to the their , when he , he the of the according to the of the of .

9But the Lord ’s is his , his .

10He him in a , and in the of the ; he him, he for him, he him as the of his .

11Like an that its , that its , its , them, them on its ,

12the Lord him, was with him.

13He made him on the of the , and he the of the , and he him with out of the , and out of the .

14 from the , and from the , with of , and , with the very of the — and you made from the of the .

15But , and ; you , , and ; then he who him and at the of his .

16They stirred him to with gods; with they provoked him to .

17They to that were , to they had , to gods that had , whom your had .

18You were of the that you, and you who gave you .

19The Lord it and them, because of the of his and his .

20And he , I will my from them; I will their will be, they are a , in whom is .

21They have made me with what is ; they have provoked me to with their . So I will make them with those who are ; I will provoke them to with a .

22For a is by my , and it to the of , the and its , and sets on the of the .

23And I will them; I will my on them;

24they shall be with , and by and ; I will the of against them, with the of things that in the .

25 the shall , and , for and , the with the of .

26I would have , I will cut them to ; I will them from ,

27had I by the , their should , they should , Our is , it was the Lord who .

28 they are a of , and there is in them.

29 they were , they would ; they would their latter !

30 could have a , and have to , their had , and the Lord had given them ?

31For their is not as our ; our are by .

32 their comes from the of and from the of ; their are of ; their are ;

33their is the of and the of .

34Is this laid up in with me, in my ?

35 is mine, and , for the when their shall ; for the of their is at , and their .

36 the Lord will his and have his , when he their is and there is remaining, or .

37Then he will , are their , the in which they ,

38who the of their and the of their ? Let them rise and you; let them be your !

39 I, even I, am he, and there is me; I and I make ; I and I ; and there is that can out of my .

40 I lift my to and , As I ,

41 I my and my on , I will on my and will those who me.

42I will my with , and my shall — with the of the and the , from the of the .

43 him, O ; bow down to him, all gods, he the of his and on his . He repays those who hate him and his .

44 and the of in the of the , he and the of .

45And when had to ,

46he to them, to the by I am you , that you may to your , that they may be to the of this .

47 it is for you, but your , and by you shall in the you are going the to .

48That the Lord to ,

49Go this of the , , is in the of , , and the of , I am to the of for a .

50And on the you , and be to your , as your in and was to his ,

51 you with me in the of the of at the of , in the of , and you did treat me as in the of the of .

52 you shall the you, but you shall , into the I am to the of .

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Deuteronomy 32.

Full AI study →

Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The song of Moses. (1, 2). The character of God, The character of Israel. (3–6). The great things God had done for Israel. (7–14). The wickedness of Israel. (19–25). The judgments which would come upon them for their sins. (15–18). Deserved vengeance withheld. (26–38). God's deliverance for his people. (39–43). The exhortation with which the song was delivered. (44–47). Moses to go up mount Nebo to die. (48–52).

vv1-2

Moses begins with a solemn appeal to heaven and earth, concerning the truth and importance of what he was about to say. His doctrine is the gospel, the speech of God, the doctrine of Christ; the doctrine of grace and mercy through him, and of life and salvation by him.

vv3-6

“He is a Rock.” This is the first time God is called so in Scripture. The expression denotes that the Divine power, faithfulness, and love, as revealed in Christ and the gospel, form a foundation which cannot be changed or moved, on which we may build our hopes of happiness. And under his protection we may find refuge from all our enemies, and in all our troubles; as the rocks in those countries sheltered from the burning rays of the sun, and from tempests, or were fortresses from the enemy. “His work is perfect:” that of redemption and salvation, in which there is a display of all the Divine perfection, complete in all its parts. All God's dealings with his creatures are regulated by wisdom which cannot err, and perfect justice. He is indeed just and right; he takes care that none shall lose by him. A high charge is exhibited against Israel. Even God's children have their spots, while in this imperfect state; for if we say we have no sin, no spot, we deceive ourselves. But the sin of Israel was not habitual, notorious, unrepented sin; which is a certain mark of the children of Satan. They were fools to forsake their mercies for lying vanities. All wilful sinners, especially sinners in Israel, are unwise and ungrateful.

vv7-14

Moses gives particular instances of God's kindness and concern for them. The eagle's care for her young is a beautiful emblem of Christ's love, who came between Divine justice and our guilty souls, and bare our sins in his own body on the tree. And by the preached gospel, and the influences of the Holy Spirit, He stirs up and prevails upon sinners to leave Satan's bondage. In verses 13, 14, are emblems of the conquest believers have over their spiritual enemies, sin, Satan, and the world, in and through Christ. Also of their safety and triumph in him; of their happy frames of soul, when they are above the world, and the things of it. This will be the blessed case of spiritual Israel in every sense in the latter day.

Cross References

Deuteronomy 32
v1Isaiah 1:2allusion

Isaiah mirrors Moses' solemn opening appeal to heaven and earth to witness Israel's rebellion.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v21Romans 10:19quotation

Paul explicitly quotes Deuteronomy 32:21 to show God's calling of the Gentiles to provoke Israel.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v35Hebrews 10:30quotation

Directly quotes 'Vengeance is mine, I will repay' to warn of God's fearful judgment.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v43Romans 15:10quotation

Paul directly quotes Deuteronomy 32:43 in Romans to prove God's inclusion of the Gentiles.

Supported by Matthew Henry

Identifies the wilderness Rock from which Israel drank and trusted as a type of Christ.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v8Acts 17:26thematic

Paul affirms God's sovereign hand in dividing the nations and setting the bounds of their habitation.

Supported by JFB

v11Exodus 19:4allusion

Parallels the vivid description of God bearing Israel out of Egypt on eagles' wings.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

Paul confirms that pagan idolatry is fundamentally sacrifice offered to devils rather than to God.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v21Romans 11:11-14allusion

Expounds the theological mystery of salvation coming to Gentiles to provoke Israel to jealousy.

Supported by Matthew Henry

Alludes directly to provoking the Lord to jealousy through idolatrous practices and partnerships.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v35Romans 12:19quotation

Quotes verse 35 to command believers to yield vengeance to God's ultimate justice.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v391 Samuel 2:6thematic

Hannah's song closely mirrors the exact wording of God killing, making alive, wounding, and healing.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

Fulfillment of God's command for Moses to ascend Nebo, look at Canaan, and die there.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v49Numbers 27:12-14thematic

The parallel divine command instructing Moses to climb Mount Abarim and view the promised land.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v51Numbers 20:11-13thematic

The historical account of Moses and Aaron's sin at the waters of Meribah-Kadesh.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v10Zechariah 2:8thematic

Echoes the tender imagery of God guarding His chosen people as the apple of His eye.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v15Isaiah 44:2thematic

Uses the rare poetical and covenantal name 'Jeshurun' for the nation of Israel.

Supported by Matthew Poole, John Calvin

Matches the exact divine threat of hiding His face from a froward and covenant-breaking generation.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v21Hosea 1:10thematic

Develops the prophetic reality of those who 'were not a people' becoming sons of God.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v29Jeremiah 5:31thematic

Directly parallel warning about Israel's failure to consider their latter end and ultimate consequences.

Supported by Matthew Henry

Parallels the drinking of cups and eating of sacrifices belonging to demons vs. the Lord.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v39Job 5:18thematic

Parallels the sovereign power of God to wound and bind up, to bruise and make whole.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v39Hosea 6:1thematic

Echoes the language of returning to the Lord who has torn, but will heal us.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v47John 6:63thematic

Parallels Moses' declaration that God's words are not vain but are 'your life'.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v50Numbers 20:24-29thematic

The historical account of Aaron's death on Mount Hor, referenced by God to Moses.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v51Leviticus 10:3thematic

The solemn principle that God must be sanctified and treated as holy by those near Him.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v52Hebrews 11:13typology

Moses seeing but not entering Canaan typifies saints seeing promises afar off without final earthly possession.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v9Exodus 19:5thematic

Establishes Israel's status as the Lord's peculiar treasure and the lot of His inheritance.

Supported by John Calvin, JFB

v15Nehemiah 9:25thematic

Historical confirmation of Israel eating, growing fat, and subsequently forsaking their Creator.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v211 Peter 2:9thematic

Contrasts the 'foolish nation' with the 'chosen generation, royal priesthood, holy nation' of believers.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v27Exodus 32:12thematic

Moses appeals to God's concern for His own reputation lest adversaries boast of Israel's destruction.

Supported by John Calvin

v35Psalms 94:1thematic

Directly invokes the 'God to whom vengeance belongeth' to show Himself in judgment.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v40Daniel 12:7thematic

Matches the solemn prophetic gesture of lifting the hand to heaven and swearing by Him who lives.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v41Psalms 7:12thematic

Parallels the imagery of God whetting His glittering sword and preparing instruments of judgment.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v42Jeremiah 46:10allusion

Echoes the graphic imagery of God's sword devouring and being made drunk with blood.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v43Revelation 19:2fulfillment

Fulfillment of the promise that God will avenge the blood of His servants.

Supported by Matthew Henry