Isaiah 9ESV
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Isaiah9

English Standard Version

1 there will be for her was in . In the he brought into the of and the of , but in the time he has the of the , the land the , of the .

2The who in have a ; those who in a of , them has .

3You have the ; you have its ; they you as with at the , they are when they the .

4 the of his , and the for his , the of his , you have as on the of .

5 of the in and every in will be as for the .

6 to us a is , to us a is ; and the shall be his , and his shall be , , , of .

7Of the of his and of there will be , the of and his , to it and to it with and with this and . The of the Lord of will .

8The has a against , and it will on ;

9and the will , and the of , who in and in of :

10The have , but we will with ; the have been , but we will in their .

11But the Lord the of him, and his .

12The on the and the on the with . For his has , and his is .

13The did him who them, of the Lord of .

14So the Lord and , and in

15the and is the , and the who is the ;

16for those who have been leading them , and those who are by them are .

17 the does over their , and has on their and ; is and an , and . For his has , and his is .

18 like a ; it and ; it the of the , and they in a of .

19Through the of the Lord of the is , and the are like for the ; .

20They on the , but are still , and they on the , but are ; the of his own ,

21 devours , and devours ; they are . For his has , and his is .

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Isaiah 9.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: The Son that should be born, and his kingdom. (1-7). The judgments to come upon Israel, and on the enemies of the kingdom of Christ. (8-21).

vv1-7

The Syrians and Assyrians first ravaged the countries here mentioned, and that region was first favoured by the preaching of Christ. Those that want the gospel, walk in darkness, and in the utmost danger. But when the gospel comes to any place, to any soul, light comes. Let us earnestly pray that it may shine into our hearts, and make us wise unto salvation. The gospel brings joy with it. Those who would have joy, must expect to go through hard work, as the husbandman, before he has the joy of harvest; and hard conflict, as the soldier, before he divides the spoil. The Jews were delivered from the yoke of many oppressors; this was a shadow of the believer's deliverance from the yoke of Satan. The cleansing the souls of believers from the power and pollution of sin, would be by the influence of the Holy Spirit, as purifying fire. These great things for the church, shall be done by the Messiah, Emmanuel. The Child is born; it was certain; and the church, before Christ came in the flesh, benefitted by his undertaking. It is a prophecy of him and of his kingdom, which those that waited for the Consolation of Israel read with pleasure. This Child was born for the benefit of us men, of us sinners, of all believers, from the beginning to the end of the world. Justly is he called Wonderful, for he is both God and man. His love is the wonder of angels and glorified saints. He is the Counsellor, for he knew the counsels of God from eternity; and he gives counsel to men, in which he consults our welfare. He is the Wonderful Counsellor; none teaches like him. He is God, the mighty One. Such is the work of the Mediator, that no less power than that of the mighty God could bring it to pass. He is God, one with the Father. As the Prince of Peace, he reconciles us to God; he is the Giver of peace in the heart and conscience; and when his kingdom is fully established, men shall learn war no more. The government shall be upon him; he shall bear the burden of it. Glorious things are spoken of Christ's government. There is no end to the increase of its peace, for the happiness of its subjects shall last for ever. The exact agreement of this prophecy with the doctrine of the New Testament, shows that Jewish prophets and Christian teachers had the same view of the person and salvation of the Messiah. To what earthly king or kingdom can these words apply? Give then, O Lord, to thy people to know thee by every endearing name, and in every glorious character. Give increase of grace in every heart of thy redeemed upon earth.

vv8-21

Those are ripening apace for ruin, whose hearts are unhumbled under humbling providences. For that which God designs, in smiting us, is, to turn us to himself; and if this point be not gained by lesser judgments, greater may be expected. The leaders of the people misled them. We have reason to be afraid of those that speak well of us, when we do ill. Wickedness was universal, all were infected with it. They shall be in trouble, and see no way out; and when men's ways displease the Lord, he makes even their friends to be at war with them. God would take away those they thought to have help from. Their rulers were the head. Their false prophets were the tail and the rush, the most despicable. In these civil contests, men preyed on near relations who were as their own flesh. The people turn not to Him who smites them, therefore he continues to smite: for when God judges, he will overcome; and the proudest, stoutest sinner shall either bend or break.

Cross References

Isaiah 9
v2Matthew 4:16fulfillment

Explicitly cited in Matthew 4:14-16 as the fulfillment of Christ's light appearing in Galilee.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v4Judges 7:2typology

The 'day of Midian' refers to Gideon's miraculous victory with a small band over vast hosts.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v72 Samuel 7:16thematic

Establishes the covenant with David regarding an eternal kingdom and throne, fulfilled in Christ.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v7Luke 1:32fulfillment

Directly links Christ to the throne of His father David and an endless kingdom.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v12 Kings 15:29thematic

Historical record of Tiglath-pileser's invasion of Zebulun and Naphtali (the first light affliction).

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v12 Kings 17:6thematic

Historical record of the subsequent grievous affliction when Shalmaneser carried Israel into exile.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v6Isaiah 7:14thematic

Parallels the birth of the child (Immanuel) as the sign of God's presence and deliverance.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v1Isaiah 8:22thematic

The immediate context of darkness and dimness from which chapter 9 transitions to light.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

Explicates Christ's work as the 'Prince of Peace' reconciling Jew and Gentile to God.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v6Micah 5:2thematic

Another Messianic prophecy contrasting a humble ruler's origin with eternal ruler status.

Supported by JFB

v12Isaiah 10:4thematic

Repeats the exact refrain of judgment: 'For all this his anger is not turned away...'

Supported by Matthew Poole

v16Matthew 15:14thematic

Illustrates how blind leaders and those led by them fall into destruction together.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v1John 7:52thematic

Demonstrates the historical Jewish contempt for Galilee, explaining why its light was unexpected.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v6Jeremiah 23:6thematic

Messianic title parallel where the coming branch of David is called 'The Lord Our Righteousness'.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v101 Kings 10:27thematic

Textual parallel showing sycomores and cedars as contrasting values in Israel.

Supported by Matthew Poole