Isaiah29
New American Standard
1Woe, Ariel, Ariel the city where David once camped! Add year to year, keep your feasts on schedule.
2I will bring distress to Ariel, And she will be a city of grieving and mourning; And she will be like an Ariel to me.
3I will camp against you encircling you, And I will set up siegeworks against you, And I will raise up battle towers against you.
4Then you will be brought low; From the earth you will speak, And from the dust where you are prostrate Your words will come. Your voice will also be like that of a spirit from the ground, And your speech will whisper from the dust.
5But the multitude of your enemies will become like fine dust, And the multitude of the ruthless ones like the chaff which blows away; And it will happen instantly, suddenly.
6From the Lord of armies you will be punished with thunder and earthquake and loud noise, With whirlwind and tempest and the flame of a consuming fire.
7And the multitude of all the nations who wage war against Ariel, Even all who wage war against her and her stronghold, and who distress her, Will be like a dream, a vision of the night.
8It will be as when a hungry person dreams— And behold, he is eating; But when he awakens, his hunger is not satisfied, Or as when a thirsty person dreams— And behold, he is drinking, But when he awakens, behold, he is faint And his thirst is not quenched. So will the multitude of all the nations be Who wage war against Mount Zion.
9Be delayed and horrified, Blind yourselves and be blind; They become drunk, but not with wine, They stagger, but not with intoxicating drink.
10For the Lord has poured over you a spirit of deep sleep, He has shut your eyes—the prophets; And He has covered your heads—the seers.
11The entire vision will be to you like the words of a sealed book, which, when they give it to the one who is literate, saying, “Please read this,” he will say, “I cannot, because it is sealed.”
12Then the book will be given to the one who is illiterate, saying, “Please read this.” And he will say, “I cannot read.”
13Then the Lord said, “Because this people approaches Me with their words And honors Me with their lips, But their heart is far away from Me, And their reverence for Me consists of the commandment of men that is taught;
14Therefore behold, I will once again deal marvelously with this people, wondrously marvelous; And the wisdom of their wise men will perish, And the understanding of their men who have understanding will be concealed.”
15Woe to those who deeply hide their plans from the Lord, And whose deeds are done in a dark place, And they say, “Who sees us?” or “Who knows us?”
16You turn things around! Shall the potter be considered as equal with the clay, That what is made would say to its maker, “He did not make me”; Or what is formed say to him who formed it, “He has no understanding”?
17Is it not yet just a little while Before Lebanon will be turned into a fertile field, And the fertile field will be considered as a forest?
18On that day those who are deaf will hear words of a book, And out of their gloom and darkness the eyes of those who are blind will see.
19The afflicted also will increase their joy in the Lord, And the needy of mankind will rejoice in the Holy One of Israel.
20For the ruthless will come to an end and the scorner will be finished, Indeed all who are intent on doing evil will be eliminated,
21Who cause a person to be indicted by a word, And set a trap for the arbitrator at the gate, And defraud the one in the right with meaningless arguments.
22Therefore this is what the Lord, who redeemed Abraham, says concerning the house of Jacob: “Jacob will not be ashamed now, nor will his face turn pale now;
23But when he sees his children, the work of My hands, in his midst, They will sanctify My name; Indeed, they will sanctify the Holy One of Jacob, And will stand in awe of the God of Israel.
24Those who err in mind will know the truth, And those who criticize will accept instruction.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Isaiah 29.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Judgements on Jerusalem and on its enemies. (1-8). The senselessness and hypocrisy of the Jews. (9-16). The conversion of the Gentiles, and future blessings for the Jews. (17-24).
vv1-8
Ariel may signify the altar of burnt-offerings. Let Jerusalem know that outward religious services will not make men free from judgements. Hypocrites never can please God, nor make their peace with him. God had often and long, by a host of angels, encamped round about Jerusalem for protection and deliverance; but now he fought against it. Proud looks and proud language shall be brought down by humbling providences. The destruction of Jerusalem's enemies is foretold. The army of Sennacherib went as a dream; and thus the multitudes, that through successive ages fight against God's altar and worship, shall fall. Speedily will sinners awake from their soothing dreams in the pains of hell.
vv9-16
The security of sinners in sinful ways, is cause for lamentation and wonder. The learned men, through prejudice, said that the Divine prophecies were obscure; and the poor urged their want of learning. The Bible is a sealed book to every man, learned or unlearned, till he begins to study it with a simple heart and a teachable spirit, that he may thence learn the truth and the will of God. To worship God, is to approach him. And if the heart be full of his love and fear, out of the abundance of it the mouth will speak; but there are many whose religion is lip-labour only. When they pretend to be speaking to God, they are thinking of a thousand foolish things. They worship the God of Israel according to their own devices. Numbers are only formal in worship. And their religion is only to comply with custom, and to serve their own interest. But the wanderings of mind, and defects in devotion, which are the believer's burden, are very different from the withdrawing of the heart from God, so severely blamed. And those who make religion no more than a pretence, to serve a turn, deceive themselves. And as those that quarrel with God, so those that think to conceal themselves from him, in effect charge him with folly. But all their perverse conduct shall be entirely done away.
vv17-24
The wonderful change here foretold, may refer to the affairs of Judah, though it looks further. When a great harvest of souls was gathered to Christ from among the Gentiles, then the wilderness was turned into a fruitful field; and the Jewish church, that had long been a fruitful field, became as a deserted forest. Those who, when in trouble, can truly rejoice in God, shall soon have cause greatly to rejoice in him. The grace of meekness contributes to the increase of our holy joy. The enemies who were powerful shall become mean and weak. To complete the repose of God's people, the scorners at home shall be cut off by judgements. All are apt to speak unadvisedly, and to mistake what they hear, but it is very unfair to make a man an offender for a word. They did all they could to bring those into trouble who told them of their faults. But He that redeemed Abraham out of his snares and troubles, will redeem those who are, by faith, his true seed, out of theirs. It will be the greatest comfort to godly parents to see their children renewed creatures, the work of God's grace. May those who now err in spirit, and murmur against the truth, come to understanding, and learn true doctrine. The Spirit of truth shall set right their mistakes, and lead them into all truth. This should encourage us to pray for those that have erred, and are deceived. All who murmured at the truths of God, as hard sayings, shall learn and be aware what God designed in all. See the change religion produces in the hearts of men, and the peace and pleasure of a humble and devout spirit.
Key Words
הוֹי: oh!
אֲרִיאֵל: Ariel, a symbolical name for Jerusalem, also the name of an Israelite
קִרְיָה: building; a city
דָּוִד: David, the youngest son of Jesse
חָנָה: properly, to incline; by implication, to decline (of the slanting rays of evening); specifically, to pitch atent; gen. to encamp (for abode or siege)
סָפָה: properly, to scrape (literally, to shave; but usually figuratively) together (i.e. to accumulate or increase) or away (i.e. to scatter, remove, or ruin; intransitively, to perish)
שָׁנֶה: a year (as a revolution of time)
חַג: a festival, or a victim therefor
נָקַף: to strike with more or less violence (beat, fell, corrode); by implication (of attack) to knock together, i.e. surround or circulate
צוּק: to compress, i.e. (figuratively) oppress, distress
Cross References
Isaiah 29Paul cites this verse as biblical proof of Israel's judicial spiritual blindness and deep sleep.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Jesus directly quotes this verse to condemn empty external worship and human traditions replacing God's word.
Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin
Paul alludes to this prophecy that God will destroy the wisdom of the worldly wise.
Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin, JFB
Identifies 'Ariel' as the altar hearth of God, linking the city's name to sacrificial devotion.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
The sudden, instant destruction of Sennacherib's vast army outside the gates of Jerusalem.
Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB
Parallels the clay and potter metaphor, rebuking human creation for questioning its divine Creator.
Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin
Jesus uses the same specific siege terminology to predict the Roman destruction of Jerusalem.
Supported by JFB
Parallels the dream metaphor: the brief, vanishing illusion of triumph before waking to reality.
Supported by John Calvin, JFB
Connects to the concept of God sealing up His revelation from an unbelieving people.
Supported by JFB
Parallels the restoration metaphor of the wilderness turning into a fruitful field by God's Spirit.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Prophetic parallel depicting the miraculous healing of the deaf and blind, representing spiritual illumination.
Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB
Uses the metaphor of God's judgment as a great sacrificial slaughter, linking Ariel (altar) to battle.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Links the low, whispering speech from the dust to the sounds of necromancers and wizards.
Supported by JFB
Uses identical storm and devouring fire imagery to describe Jehovah's judgment on Israel's enemies.
Supported by JFB
Paul echoes this questioning of the potter by the clay to assert God's absolute sovereignty.
Supported by JFB