Isaiah 29NIV
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Isaiah29

New International Version

1Woe to you, Ariel, Ariel, the city where David settled! Add year to year and let your cycle of festivals go on.

2Yet I will besiege Ariel; she will mourn and lament, she will be to me like an altar hearth.

3I will encamp against you on all sides; I will encircle you with towers and set up my siege works against you.

4Brought low, you will speak from the ground; your speech will mumble out of the dust. Your voice will come ghostlike from the earth; out of the dust your speech will whisper.

5But your many enemies will become like fine dust, the ruthless hordes like blown chaff. Suddenly, in an instant,

6the Lord Almighty will come with thunder and earthquake and great noise, with windstorm and tempest and flames of a devouring fire.

7Then the hordes of all the nations that fight against Ariel, that attack her and her fortress and besiege her, will be as it is with a dream, with a vision in the night—

8as when a hungry person dreams of eating, but awakens hungry still; as when a thirsty person dreams of drinking, but awakens faint and thirsty still. So will it be with the hordes of all the nations that fight against Mount Zion.

9Be stunned and amazed, blind yourselves and be sightless; be drunk, but not from wine, stagger, but not from beer.

10The Lord has brought over you a deep sleep: He has sealed your eyes (the prophets); he has covered your heads (the seers).

11For you this whole vision is nothing but words sealed in a scroll. And if you give the scroll to someone who can read, and say, “Read this, please,” they will answer, “I can’t; it is sealed.”

12Or if you give the scroll to someone who cannot read, and say, “Read this, please,” they will answer, “I don’t know how to read.”

13The Lord says: “These people come near to me with their mouth and honor me with their lips, but their hearts are far from me. Their worship of me is based on merely human rules they have been taught.

14Therefore once more I will astound these people with wonder upon wonder; the wisdom of the wise will perish, the intelligence of the intelligent will vanish.”

15Woe to those who go to great depths to hide their plans from the Lord, who do their work in darkness and think, “Who sees us? Who will know?”

16You turn things upside down, as if the potter were thought to be like the clay! Shall what is formed say to the one who formed it, “You did not make me”? Can the pot say to the potter, “You know nothing”?

17In a very short time, will not Lebanon be turned into a fertile field and the fertile field seem like a forest?

18In that day the deaf will hear the words of the scroll, and out of gloom and darkness the eyes of the blind will see.

19Once more the humble will rejoice in the Lord; the needy will rejoice in the Holy One of Israel.

20The ruthless will vanish, the mockers will disappear, and all who have an eye for evil will be cut down—

21those who with a word make someone out to be guilty, who ensnare the defender in court and with false testimony deprive the innocent of justice.

22Therefore this is what the Lord, who redeemed Abraham, says to the descendants of Jacob: “No longer will Jacob be ashamed; no longer will their faces grow pale.

23When they see among them their children, the work of my hands, they will keep my name holy; they will acknowledge the holiness of the Holy One of Jacob, and will stand in awe of the God of Israel.

24Those who are wayward in spirit will gain understanding; those who complain will accept instruction.”

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Isaiah 29.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Judgements on Jerusalem and on its enemies. (1-8). The senselessness and hypocrisy of the Jews. (9-16). The conversion of the Gentiles, and future blessings for the Jews. (17-24).

vv1-8

Ariel may signify the altar of burnt-offerings. Let Jerusalem know that outward religious services will not make men free from judgements. Hypocrites never can please God, nor make their peace with him. God had often and long, by a host of angels, encamped round about Jerusalem for protection and deliverance; but now he fought against it. Proud looks and proud language shall be brought down by humbling providences. The destruction of Jerusalem's enemies is foretold. The army of Sennacherib went as a dream; and thus the multitudes, that through successive ages fight against God's altar and worship, shall fall. Speedily will sinners awake from their soothing dreams in the pains of hell.

vv9-16

The security of sinners in sinful ways, is cause for lamentation and wonder. The learned men, through prejudice, said that the Divine prophecies were obscure; and the poor urged their want of learning. The Bible is a sealed book to every man, learned or unlearned, till he begins to study it with a simple heart and a teachable spirit, that he may thence learn the truth and the will of God. To worship God, is to approach him. And if the heart be full of his love and fear, out of the abundance of it the mouth will speak; but there are many whose religion is lip-labour only. When they pretend to be speaking to God, they are thinking of a thousand foolish things. They worship the God of Israel according to their own devices. Numbers are only formal in worship. And their religion is only to comply with custom, and to serve their own interest. But the wanderings of mind, and defects in devotion, which are the believer's burden, are very different from the withdrawing of the heart from God, so severely blamed. And those who make religion no more than a pretence, to serve a turn, deceive themselves. And as those that quarrel with God, so those that think to conceal themselves from him, in effect charge him with folly. But all their perverse conduct shall be entirely done away.

vv17-24

The wonderful change here foretold, may refer to the affairs of Judah, though it looks further. When a great harvest of souls was gathered to Christ from among the Gentiles, then the wilderness was turned into a fruitful field; and the Jewish church, that had long been a fruitful field, became as a deserted forest. Those who, when in trouble, can truly rejoice in God, shall soon have cause greatly to rejoice in him. The grace of meekness contributes to the increase of our holy joy. The enemies who were powerful shall become mean and weak. To complete the repose of God's people, the scorners at home shall be cut off by judgements. All are apt to speak unadvisedly, and to mistake what they hear, but it is very unfair to make a man an offender for a word. They did all they could to bring those into trouble who told them of their faults. But He that redeemed Abraham out of his snares and troubles, will redeem those who are, by faith, his true seed, out of theirs. It will be the greatest comfort to godly parents to see their children renewed creatures, the work of God's grace. May those who now err in spirit, and murmur against the truth, come to understanding, and learn true doctrine. The Spirit of truth shall set right their mistakes, and lead them into all truth. This should encourage us to pray for those that have erred, and are deceived. All who murmured at the truths of God, as hard sayings, shall learn and be aware what God designed in all. See the change religion produces in the hearts of men, and the peace and pleasure of a humble and devout spirit.

Cross References

Isaiah 29
v10Romans 11:8quotation

Paul cites this verse as biblical proof of Israel's judicial spiritual blindness and deep sleep.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v13Matthew 15:8quotation

Jesus directly quotes this verse to condemn empty external worship and human traditions replacing God's word.

Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin

Paul alludes to this prophecy that God will destroy the wisdom of the worldly wise.

Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin, JFB

v1Ezekiel 43:15thematic

Identifies 'Ariel' as the altar hearth of God, linking the city's name to sacrificial devotion.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v5Isaiah 37:36fulfillment

The sudden, instant destruction of Sennacherib's vast army outside the gates of Jerusalem.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v16Isaiah 45:9thematic

Parallels the clay and potter metaphor, rebuking human creation for questioning its divine Creator.

Supported by Matthew Henry, John Calvin

v3Luke 19:43thematic

Jesus uses the same specific siege terminology to predict the Roman destruction of Jerusalem.

Supported by JFB

v8Psalms 73:20thematic

Parallels the dream metaphor: the brief, vanishing illusion of triumph before waking to reality.

Supported by John Calvin, JFB

v11Isaiah 8:16thematic

Connects to the concept of God sealing up His revelation from an unbelieving people.

Supported by JFB

v17Isaiah 32:15thematic

Parallels the restoration metaphor of the wilderness turning into a fruitful field by God's Spirit.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v18Isaiah 35:5thematic

Prophetic parallel depicting the miraculous healing of the deaf and blind, representing spiritual illumination.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v2Ezekiel 39:17thematic

Uses the metaphor of God's judgment as a great sacrificial slaughter, linking Ariel (altar) to battle.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v4Isaiah 8:19thematic

Links the low, whispering speech from the dust to the sounds of necromancers and wizards.

Supported by JFB

v6Isaiah 30:30thematic

Uses identical storm and devouring fire imagery to describe Jehovah's judgment on Israel's enemies.

Supported by JFB

v16Romans 9:20allusion

Paul echoes this questioning of the potter by the clay to assert God's absolute sovereignty.

Supported by JFB