Matthew 15NIV
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Matthew15

New International Version

1Then some Pharisees and teachers of the law came to Jesus from Jerusalem and asked,

2“Why do your disciples break the tradition of the elders? They don’t wash their hands before they eat!”

3Jesus replied, “And why do you break the command of God for the sake of your tradition?

4For God said, ‘Honor your father and mother’ and ‘Anyone who curses their father or mother is to be put to death.’

5But you say that if anyone declares that what might have been used to help their father or mother is ‘devoted to God,’

6they are not to ‘honor their father or mother’ with it. Thus you nullify the word of God for the sake of your tradition.

7You hypocrites! Isaiah was right when he prophesied about you:

8“‘These people honor me with their lips, but their hearts are far from me.

9They worship me in vain; their teachings are merely human rules.’”

10Jesus called the crowd to him and said, “Listen and understand.

11What goes into someone’s mouth does not defile them, but what comes out of their mouth, that is what defiles them.”

12Then the disciples came to him and asked, “Do you know that the Pharisees were offended when they heard this?”

13He replied, “Every plant that my heavenly Father has not planted will be pulled up by the roots.

14Leave them; they are blind guides. If the blind lead the blind, both will fall into a pit.”

15Peter said, “Explain the parable to us.”

16“Are you still so dull?” Jesus asked them.

17“Don’t you see that whatever enters the mouth goes into the stomach and then out of the body?

18But the things that come out of a person’s mouth come from the heart, and these defile them.

19For out of the heart come evil thoughts—murder, adultery, sexual immorality, theft, false testimony, slander.

20These are what defile a person; but eating with unwashed hands does not defile them.”

21Leaving that place, Jesus withdrew to the region of Tyre and Sidon.

22A Canaanite woman from that vicinity came to him, crying out, “Lord, Son of David, have mercy on me! My daughter is demon-possessed and suffering terribly.”

23Jesus did not answer a word. So his disciples came to him and urged him, “Send her away, for she keeps crying out after us.”

24He answered, “I was sent only to the lost sheep of Israel.”

25The woman came and knelt before him. “Lord, help me!” she said.

26He replied, “It is not right to take the children’s bread and toss it to the dogs.”

27“Yes it is, Lord,” she said. “Even the dogs eat the crumbs that fall from their master’s table.”

28Then Jesus said to her, “Woman, you have great faith! Your request is granted.” And her daughter was healed at that moment.

29Jesus left there and went along the Sea of Galilee. Then he went up on a mountainside and sat down.

30Great crowds came to him, bringing the lame, the blind, the crippled, the mute and many others, and laid them at his feet; and he healed them.

31The people were amazed when they saw the mute speaking, the crippled made well, the lame walking and the blind seeing. And they praised the God of Israel.

32Jesus called his disciples to him and said, “I have compassion for these people; they have already been with me three days and have nothing to eat. I do not want to send them away hungry, or they may collapse on the way.”

33His disciples answered, “Where could we get enough bread in this remote place to feed such a crowd?”

34“How many loaves do you have?” Jesus asked. “Seven,” they replied, “and a few small fish.”

35He told the crowd to sit down on the ground.

36Then he took the seven loaves and the fish, and when he had given thanks, he broke them and gave them to the disciples, and they in turn to the people.

37They all ate and were satisfied. Afterward the disciples picked up seven basketfuls of broken pieces that were left over.

38The number of those who ate was four thousand men, besides women and children.

39After Jesus had sent the crowd away, he got into the boat and went to the vicinity of Magadan.

Study Guide

Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Matthew 15.

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Chapter Summary

In this chapter: Jesus discourses about human traditions. (1–9). He warns against things which really defile. (10–20). He heals the daughter of a Syrophenician woman. (21–28). Jesus heals the sick, and miraculously feeds four thousand. (29–39).

vv1-9

Additions to God's laws reflect upon his wisdom, as if he had left out something which was needed, and which man could supply; in one way or other they always lead men to disobey God. How thankful ought we to be for the written word of God! Never let us think that the religion of the Bible can be improved by any human addition, either in doctrine or practice. Our blessed Lord spoke of their traditions as inventions of their own, and pointed out one instance in which this was very clear, that of their transgressing the fifth commandment. When a parent's wants called for assistance, they pleaded, that they had devoted to the temple all they could spare, even though they did not part with it, and therefore their parents must expect nothing from them. This was making the command of God of no effect. The doom of hypocrites is put in a little compass; “In vain do they worship me.” It will neither please God, nor profit themselves; they trust in vanity, and vanity will be their recompence.

vv10-20

Christ shows that the defilement they ought to fear, was not from what entered their mouths as food, but from what came out of their mouths, which showed the wickedness of their hearts. Nothing will last in the soul but the regenerating graces of the Holy Spirit; and nothing should be admitted into the church but what is from above; therefore, whoever is offended by a plain, seasonable declaration of the truth, we should not be troubled at it. The disciples ask to be better taught as to this matter. Where a weak head doubts concerning any word of Christ, an upright heart and a willing mind seek for instruction. It is the heart that is desperately wicked, Jer 17:9, for there is no sin in word or deed, which was not first in the heart. They all come out of the man, and are fruits of that wickedness which is in the heart, and is wrought there. When Christ teaches, he will show men the deceitfulness and wickedness of their own hearts; he will teach them to humble themselves, and to seek to be cleansed in the Fountain opened for sin and uncleanness.

vv21-28

The dark corners of the country, the most remote, shall share Christ's influences; afterwards the ends of the earth shall see his salvation. The distress and trouble of her family brought a woman to Christ; and though it is need that drives us to Christ, yet we shall not therefore be driven from him. She did not limit Christ to any particular instance of mercy, but mercy, mercy, is what she begged for: she pleads not merit, but depends upon mercy. It is the duty of parents to pray for their children, and to be earnest in prayer for them, especially for their souls. Have you a son, a daughter, grievously vexed with a proud devil, an unclean devil, a malicious devil, led captive by him at his will? this is a case more deplorable than that of bodily possession, and you must bring them by faith and prayer to Christ, who alone is able to heal them. Many methods of Christ's providence, especially of his grace, in dealing with his people, which are dark and perplexing, may be explained by this story, which teaches that there may be love in Christ's heart while there are frowns in his face; and it encourages us, though he seems ready to slay us, yet to trust in him. Those whom Christ intends most to honour, he humbles to feel their own unworthiness. A proud, unhumbled heart would not have borne this; but she turned it into an argument to support her request. The state of this woman is an emblem of the state of a sinner, deeply conscious of the misery of his soul. The least of Christ is precious to a believer, even the very crumbs of the Bread of life. Of all graces, faith honours Christ most; therefore of all graces Christ honours faith most. He cured her daughter. He spake, and it was done. From hence let such as seek help from the Lord, and receive no gracious answer, learn to turn even their unworthiness and discouragements into pleas for mercy.

Cross References

Matthew 15
v4Exodus 21:17quotation

Jesus quotes this Mosaic law verbatim to expose the fatal consequences of the Pharisees' tradition.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v4Exodus 20:12quotation

The Fifth Commandment quoted by Jesus to contrast God's authority with voiding traditions.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v7Isaiah 29:13quotation

Jesus directly quotes Isaiah 29:13 to rebuke the hypocritical, lip-service worship of the scribes and Pharisees.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole, JFB

v1Mark 7:1-13thematic

The direct parallel account in Mark, detailing the Jewish ceremonial handwashing rituals and traditions.

Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB

v19Jeremiah 17:9thematic

Prophetic parallel on the deceitful nature of the human heart, out of which all evil proceeds.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v13John 15:2thematic

Echoes Christ's teaching on the heavenly Father removing and pruning plants/branches He did not plant.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v24Romans 15:8thematic

Confirms Christ was sent as a minister of the circumcision to fulfill promises made to Israel.

Supported by JFB

v24Matthew 10:6thematic

Identical language where Jesus instructs His disciples to go only to the lost sheep of Israel.

Supported by Matthew Henry, Matthew Poole

v36Matthew 14:19-21thematic

The previous feeding of the five thousand, showing identical actions of giving thanks, breaking, and distributing.

Supported by Matthew Henry, JFB

v9Colossians 2:22thematic

Paul's warning against doctrines and commandments of men regarding food, echoing Jesus' words.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v26Isaiah 56:3thematic

Thematic parallel addressing the inclusion of the stranger/Gentile, relevant to the Canaanite woman.

Supported by JFB

v26Mark 7:27thematic

Parallel text for the Canaanite woman, noting children's bread must first be offered before dogs.

Supported by JFB

v30Isaiah 35:5fulfillment

Messianic prophecy of the lame leaping and the blind seeing, fulfilled in Jesus' healings.

Supported by Matthew Henry

v39Mark 8:10thematic

Parallel geographical destination after feeding the four thousand, recorded there as Dalmanutha.

Supported by JFB

v15Mark 7:17thematic

Parallel verse showing the disciples asking Jesus to explain the parable of defilement privately.

Supported by Matthew Poole

v25Genesis 32:26typology

Jacob's persistent wrestling with God typifies the Canaanite woman's refusal to let go without a blessing.

Supported by Matthew Henry