Job30
New American Standard
1“But now those who are younger than I mock me, Whose fathers I refused to put with the dogs of my flock.
2Indeed, what good was the strength of their hands to me? Vigor had perished from them.
3From poverty and famine they are gaunt, They who gnaw at the dry ground by night in waste and desolation,
4Who pluck saltweed by the bushes, And whose food is the root of the broom shrub.
5They are driven from the community; They shout against them as against a thief,
6So that they live on the slopes of ravines, In holes in the ground and among the rocks.
7Among the bushes they cry out; Under the weeds they are gathered together.
8Worthless fellows, even those without a name, They were cast out from the land.
9“And now I have become their taunt, And I have become a byword to them.
10They loathe me and stand aloof from me, And they do not refrain from spitting in my face.
11Because He has undone my bowstring and afflicted me, They have cast off the bridle before me.
12On the right hand their mob arises; They push aside my feet and pile up their ways of destruction against me.
13They break up my path, They promote my destruction; No one restrains them.
14As through a wide gap they come, Amid the storm they roll on.
15Sudden terrors are turned upon me; They chase away my dignity like the wind, And my prosperity has passed away like a cloud.
16“And now my soul is poured out within me; Days of misery have seized me.
17At night it pierces my bones within me, And my gnawing pains do not rest.
18By a great force my garment is distorted; It ties me up like the collar of my coat.
19He has thrown me into the mire, And I have become like dust and ashes.
20I cry out to You for help, but You do not answer me; I stand up, and You turn Your attention against me.
21You have become cruel to me; With the strength of Your hand You persecute me.
22You lift me up to the wind and make me ride it; And You dissolve me in a storm.
23For I know that You will bring me to death, And to the house of meeting for all living.
24“Yet does one in a heap of ruins not reach out with his hand, Or in his disaster does he not cry out for help?
25Have I not wept for the one whose life is hard? Was my soul not grieved for the needy?
26When I expected good, evil came; When I waited for light, darkness came.
27I am seething within and cannot rest; Days of misery confront me.
28I go about mourning without comfort; I stand up in the assembly and cry out for help.
29I have become a brother to jackals, And a companion of ostriches.
30My skin turns black on me, And my bones burn with fever.
31Therefore my harp is turned to mourning, And my flute to the sound of those who weep.
Study Guide
Public-domain commentary and original-language notes for Job 30.
Chapter Summary
In this chapter: Job's honour is turned into contempt. (1–14). Job a burden to himself. (15–31).
vv1-14
Job contrasts his present condition with his former honour and authority. What little cause have men to be ambitious or proud of that which may be so easily lost, and what little confidence is to be put in it! We should not be cast down if we are despised, reviled, and hated by wicked men. We should look to Jesus, who endured the contradiction of sinners.
vv15-31
Job complains a great deal. Harbouring hard thoughts of God was the sin which did, at this time, most easily beset Job. When inward temptations join with outward calamities, the soul is hurried as in a tempest, and is filled with confusion. But woe be to those who really have God for an enemy! Compared with the awful state of ungodly men, what are all outward, or even inward temporal afflictions? There is something with which Job comforts himself, yet it is but a little. He foresees that death will be the end of all his troubles. God's wrath might bring him to death; but his soul would be safe and happy in the world of spirits. If none pity us, yet our God, who corrects, pities us, even as a father pitieth his own children. And let us look more to the things of eternity: then the believer will cease from mourning, and joyfully praise redeeming love.
Key Words
עַתָּה: at this time, whether adverb, conjunction or expletive
שָׂחַק: to laugh (in pleasure or detraction); by implication, to play
אָב: father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
מָאַס: to spurn; also (intransitively) to disappear
שִׁית: to place (in a very wide application)
כֶּלֶב: a dog; hence (by euphemism) a male prostitute
צֹאן: a collective name for a flock (of sheep or goats); also figuratively (of men)
מָה: properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and even relatively, that which); often used with prefixes in various adverbial or conjunctive senses
כֹּחַ: vigor, literally (force, in a good or a bad sense) or figuratively (capacity, means, produce); also (from its hardiness) a large lizard
יָד: a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.),
Cross References
Job 30Job bemoans becoming their song, parallel to Jeremiah's lamentation of becoming a derisive song.
Supported by JFB
They spare not to spit in his face; Isaiah prophesies the same physical insult of spitting.
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They raise up ways of destruction, repeating the military siege imagery used in chapter 19.
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They "set forward my calamity," mirroring the nations who helped forward affliction in Zechariah.
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The mockers bray like wild asses in hunger, echoing Job's earlier wild ass analogy.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Job previously lamented that he was made a byword of the people.
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Job's description of God opposing him with a strong hand recalls his previous "adversary" complaints.
Supported by Matthew Poole
Contrast between the young deriding Job now and the young deferring to him previously.
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Job details the painful alienation and mockery from those close to him and his household.
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Spitting in the face (or before him) as an extreme, legally recognized gesture of contempt.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Job's "brother to dragons, and companion to owls" parallels Micah's wailing like dragons and owls.
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Contrasts the useless, perished age of the mockers with Eliphaz's promise of a vigorous age.
Supported by Matthew Poole, JFB
Job's bones burned with heat parallels the Psalmist's bones burned as a hearth.
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The cessation of music and elder authority; matching Job's harp turned to mourning.
Supported by Matthew Henry
Being cast into the mire and dust connects to Job's literal seat in the ashes.
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Job's unresolved cry of "thou dost not hear" echoes his earlier complaint of unanswered crying.
Supported by Matthew Poole